High antimicrobial efficacy of short tryptophan-and arginine-rich peptides makes them good candidates in the fight against pathogens. Substitution of tryptophan and arginine by histidine could be ...used to modulate the peptides efficacy by optimizing their structures.
The peptide (RRWWRWWRR), reported to showed good antimicrobial efficacy, was used as template, seven new analogs being designed substituting tryptophan or arginine with histidine. The peptides' efficacy was tested against E. coli, B. subtilis and S. aureus. The cytotoxicity and hemolytic effect were evaluated and the therapeutic index was inferred for each peptide. Atomic force microscopy and molecular simulation were used to analyze the effects of peptides on bacterial membrane.
The substitution of tryptophan by histidine proved to strongly modulate the antimicrobial activity, mainly by changing the peptide-to-membrane binding energy. The substitution of arginine has low effect on the antimicrobial efficacy. The presence of histidine residue reduced the cytotoxic and hemolytic activity of the peptides in some cases maintaining the same efficacy against bacteria. The peptides' antimicrobial activity was correlated to the 3D-hydrophobic moment and to a simple structure-based packing parameter.
The results show that some of these peptides have the potential to become good candidates to fight against bacteria. The substitution by histidine proved to fine tune the therapeutic index allowing the optimization of the peptide structure mainly by changing its binding energy and 3D-hydrophobic moment.
The short tryptophan reach peptides therapeutic index can be maximized using the histidine substitution to optimize their structure.
•The short Trp-Arg peptides proposed here have MIC in micromolar range concentration.•Mutation of Trp to His strongly modulates the peptides MIC.•Mutation of Arg to His improves the therapeutic index reducing peptide cytotoxicity•Peptides effects correlate with binding energy, 3D-hydrophobic moment and packing
The recently isolated Sclerotinia sclerotiorum laccase was used for the degradation of sodium diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely found in the aquatic environment. The ...Michaelis-Menten parameters, half-life of diclofenac at different pH values in presence of this enzyme and potential inhibitors were evaluated. Diclofenac-based radicals formed in presence of laccase were spin-trapped and detected using EPR spectroscopy. Almost complete diclofenac degradation (> 96%) occurred after a 30-h treatment via radical-based generated oligomers and their rapid precipitation, thus ensuring an unprecedented green formula suitable not only for degradation but also for straightforward removal of the degradation products. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS) analyses of the degradation products of diclofenac in aqueous dosage revealed the presence of at least seven products while HR Orbitrap MS analysis showed that the enzymatic treatment produced high molecular weight metabolites through a radical oligomerization mechanism of diclofenac. The enzymatically formed products precipitated and its constituting components were also characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
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•S. sclerotiorum laccase efficiently degrades diclofenac, products precipitate.•Unprecedented green process: degradation + straightforward removal of degradation products.•Mechanism explained, free radical chemistry.•Products characterized using chromatographic, spectrometric and computation methods.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Menganalisis nilai produksi Lestari ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di perairan umum daratan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan; (2) Menganalisis upaya penangkapan ...optimum ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di perairan umum daratan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan; (3) Mengetahui jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di perairan umum daratan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan; (4) Mengetahui tingkat pemanfaatan ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dengan observasi lapangan. Analisis CPUE dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan tingkat pemanfaatan ikan Betok. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari–November 2021. Lokasi penelitian adalah di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Nilai produksi Lestari atau nilai Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di perairan umum daratan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan sebesar 1.537,39 ton. Nilai upaya penangkapan optimum (FMSY) ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di perairan umum daratan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan sebesar 1.074.332 trip. Nilai jumlah tangkapan yang diperbolehkan (JTB) ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di perairan umum daratan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan sebesar 1.229,91 ton. Tingkat pemanfaatan ikan Betok (Anabas testudineus) di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan pada tahun 2018 adalah lebih dari 100% termasuk tingkat overfishing
This study aims to: (1)Analyze the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) value of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in the fresh waters of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency; (2) Analyzing the optimum effort of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in the fresh waters of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency; (3) Knowing the Total Allowable Catch (TAC) of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in the fresh waters of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency; (4) Knowing the level of utilization of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency. This research uses survey method. The data collected are primary data and secondary data. Data collection by field observation. CPUE analysis was conducted to determine the abundance and utilization rate of Betok fish. This research was conducted from February–November 2021. The research location is in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency. The results showed that the value of the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in the fresh waters of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency was 1,537.39 tons. The value of the optimum effort (FMSY) of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in the fresh waters of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency is 1,074,332 trips. The value of the Total Allowable Catch (TAC) of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in the fresh waters of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency is 1,229.91 tons. The utilization rate of climbing gouramy (Anabas testudineus) in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency in 2018 was more than 100% including overfishing rates.
Bacterial infections impair prognosis in patients with cirrhosis. Presepsin and, more recently, resistin are promising markers of infection and sepsis in patients without cirrhosis.
The aim of our ...study was to assess the performance of presepsin and resistin as early markers of infection compared with C reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT), and their prognostic relevance in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
One hundred and fourteen consecutive patients with decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled and followed-up for 28 days. Diagnostic performances of CRP, PCT, presepsin and resistin were assessed.
Fifty-three (46.5%) patients had bacterial infections of which 30 (56%) had sepsis. Presepsin and resistin had similar performance as CRP and PCT for the diagnosis of infection (best cut-off of 1444 pg/ml and 20 ng/ml, respectively) and sepsis. Presepsin (HR = 5.5; 95%CI: 2.36–13.21, p < 0.0001) and the ≥500 pg/ml increase of presepsin at 48 h (HR = 9.24; 95%CI: 3.66–23.27, p < 0.008) were independently associated with 28-day mortality.
Presepsin and resistin have similar diagnostic performances to CRP and PCT for bacterial infection in decompensated cirrhosis. Presepsin and Δ presepsin ≥500 pg/ml have also a prognostic relevance for 28-day mortality.
EVOLUTION OF SPEED IN SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Gheorghe LUCACIU; Sergiu HADADE; Luminița Anca DEAC
Analele Universităţii din Oradea. Educaţie fizică şi sport,
12/2019, Letnik:
29
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Given the multilateral development of the human personality, physical education is an integral part of the training and education of the youth, contributing to the successful fulfillment of the ...general tasks in the direction of human formation in society. The objective and natural connection with the other components of multilateral education is determined by the social needs, by the context in which people must develop from all points of view, both physically and mentally, in order to be able to work efficiently, creatively. Among the motor qualities/capacities, the forms of manifestation of speed extend their manifestation area either on the development of coordination, force and not least on the capacity of the body to sustain an intense physical effort in order to achieve an objective in the shortest time with a relatively constant efficiency, which justifies the interest of those who approach the subject. Given the biological and physiological conditionality regarding the forms in which the speed is manifested, the moment when the pedagogical intervention on their evolution occurs is one of great importance. The present paper aims to highlight how speed evolves as a result of the effects of practicing physical education.
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have been important synthetic targets in supramolecular chemistry due to their beautiful structures and intriguing properties. We present herein a new ...synthetic strategy to access 2rotaxanes, namely active-metal template clipping. We discuss the design of the target 2rotaxanes, synthesis and characterization of the axle, macrocycle precursors and macrocycles as well as preparation of the final 2rotaxanes by active template copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) as key step of the synthesis. HRMS and NMR experiments have been performed to confirm the formation of the interlocked structures.
The synthesis of some novel donor-acceptor and acceptor-donor-acceptor systems containing a 2,2'-bi3,2-
thienothiophene donor block and various electron-accepting units is described alongside their ...photophysical properties studied using electrochemistry, optical spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The obtained results show that the energy levels can be modulated by changing the strength of the acceptor unit. Among the three investigated end-groups, 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone exhibited the largest bathochromic shift and the lowest band gap suggesting the strongest electron-withdrawing character. Moreover, the emissive properties of the investigated systems vary greatly with the nature of the terminal group and are generally lower compared to their precursor aldehyde derivatives.
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