The etiology of DDH, except "conditions" which allows pelvic presentation, there is multifactoriality, which includes in addition to genetic and hormonal and mechanical factors. It is believed that ...both the pelvic presentation and method of delivery of infants with breech presentation a significant risk factor DDH. About 3 - 4% of children born in breech presentation. Hypotheses 1. Mode of delivery on the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children 2. Time of birth (gestational time) on the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip 3. Position the fruit on the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip, regardless of delivery method. The purpose and goal of the research 1. To determine the degree of correlation of developmental dysplasia of the hip in relation to the way delivery 2. To determine which factors affect the incidence of developmental of the hip in infants with breech presentation, and frequency of delivery with pelvic prezentation. 3.To determine the effect of breech presentation on developmental disorder hips 4.To determine whether the incidence of DDH in term babies with breech presentation depends on the type of delivery This study was designed as a "Case - control" studies or "case - Control. "Cases were infants with breech presentation who developed postpartum developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and control infants with breech presentation who did not develop DDH. Population that we studied, and we took out the cases and controls were infants with breech presentation who were born in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Health Center Novi Pazar from 01.01. 2004 to 31 12th 2011th year. During the study 17 600 births monofoetal 594 newborn even born breech presentation. Of 594 infants with breech presentation DDH is developed, and it consisted of a group of cases, 113 infants born breech, not the act of DDH developed the control group. Ehosonographic objectification of the findings of the hip was performed newborns graphs methodological approach in the Ultrasound Department of pediatric surgery clinic HC Novi Pazar. In this study, mothers with breech presentation infants, who had a developmental disorder of the hip (DDH), were on average older, less gestational age at delivery and similar parity and mothers without DDH. Review of the clinical characteristics of infants by sex, showed that they do not differ significantly. In our study, we noted a significantly higher representation of mothers aged 20 in the control group than the study group (21.2% vs. 5.7%), while in the age interval of 30-34 years older than mothers tested controls (17.92% vs. 8.87%) . (P = 0.001, Mann-Whitney U test = 6040.5). appreciably larger representation mothers in the 37th week of pregnancy in the study group (16.4%) and higher prevalence of mothers in 40th week of pregnancy in the control group (52.2%). (%). (p<0.0001, Mann- Whitney U test=5228.). Hence it is that the children of mothers born before the study group compared to healthy children, which means that early labor / delivery time) can be a factor for DDH. Also, the use of a particular mode of delivery did not influence the sex of newborns. The point of the study was rerouted to determine risk factors in DDH after breech presentation. Based on research and experience in this type of delivery, the set of possible hypotheses,relevant factors. In accordance with most authors, the influence of age and parity of mothers, the estimated weight neonates, are crucial for the selection of the type of delivery method and delivery of the key conditions for DDH, after breech presentation. Significantly higher incidence of primiparas who gave birth to planned Caesarean section in a group where there was no DDH newborns suggests that it is the method of choice in breech presentation, which can be prevented with DDH. There are researchers who explicitly advocate such a position. When it comes to elective Caesarean section, this study has shown that in the case of planned Caesarean section primiparous women giving birth significantly greater age, the lower Apgar scores were at the birth of DDH, compared to primiparae without DDH. Of the total number of observed total hip control group (25.8%) were in the category of risk progradirala hips. From the above paragraph it can be concluded that in almost a quarter of infants with breech presentation who were the first ultrasound at six weeks had normal findings on the control of six months there is a progression in the risk hip ratio and is therefore required to control the hips six months. Summing up the findings after a comprehensive analysis of the rezultata istraživanja, it was discovered that the way childbirth affects the occurrence of DDH, the highest incidence of DDH in primipara, the planned cesarean section has a protective effect on the occurrence of DDH, and that most cases of DDH in babies born vaginal and emergency caesarean section.
Uzrok i nastanak razvojnog poremećaja kuka kod dece (RPK ) je stalno u žiži interesovanja, od prvih radova pa sve do današnjih dana i još nije do kraja razjašnjen. Smatra se da su oboje i karlična prezentacija i način porođaja ovorođenčadi sa karličnom prezentacijom značajan faktor rizika za nastanak razvojnog porermećaja kuka. Oko 3 - 4% dece rodi se karličnom prezentacijom. Hipoteze istraživanja 1. Način porođaja utiče na pojavu razvojnog poremećaja kukova kod dece 2. Vreme porođaja ( gestacijsko vreme ) utiče na pojavu 117 razvojnog poremećaja kukova 3. Položaj ploda utiče na pojavu razvojnog poremećaja kukova bez obzira na način porođaja. Svrha i cilj istraživanja 1. Da se utvrdi stepen korelacije razvojnog poremećaja kukova u odnosu na način porođaja 2. Da se utvrdi koji faktori utiču na učestalost razvojnog poremećaja kuka u novorođenčadi sa karličnom prezentacijom,kao i učestalost porođaja sa karličnom prezentacijom. 3. Da se utvrdi uticaj karlične prezentacije na razvojni poremećaj kukova 4.Da se utvrdi da li je učestalost RPK u terminski porođenih beba sa karličnom prezentacijom zavisna od načina porođaja. Ovo istraživanje je dizajnirano kao „ kejs – kontrol “studija , odnosno „ slučaj –kontrola “.Slučajevi su novorođenčad sa karličnom prezentacijom koja su nakon porođaja razvila razvojni poremećaja kuka(RPK) a kontrole novorođenčad sa karličnom prezentacijom koja nisu razvila RPK. Populacija koju smo istraživali i iz koje smo uzimali i slučajeve i kontrole su novorođenčad sa karličnom prezentacijom koja su rođena na Ginekološko akušerskom odeljenju ZC Novi Pazar u periodu od 01.01. 2004 godine do 31. 12. 2011. godine. Tokom istraživanja na 17600 monofetalnih porođaja 594 novorođečeta je rođeno karličnom prezentacijom. Od 594 novorođenčadi sa karličnom prezentacijom 140 je razvilo RPK, i ona su činila grupu slučajeva, 113 novorođenčadi rođeno karlično koja nisu razvila RPK činalo je kontrolnu grupu. Ehosonografska objektivizacija nalaza na kuku novorođenčadi vršena je Grafovim metodološkim postupkom iz protokola - ultrazvučno pregledanih u ultrazvučnom kabinetu dečje hirurške ambulante ZC Novi Pazar. U ovom istraživanju porodilje sa karličnom prezentacijom novorođenčadi, koji su imali razvojni poremećaj kukova(RPK), bile su u proseku starije, manje gestacijske starosti na porođaju i sličnog pariteta kao i porodilje bez RPK. Razmatranje kliničkih karakteristika novorođenčadi po polu, pokazalo je da se oni ne razlikuju značajno. U našem istraživanju smo konstatovali znatno veću zastupljenost porodilja do 20 godina starosti u kontrolnoj grupi nego u ispitivanoj (21.2% prema 5.7%), dok je u starosnom intervalu od 30-34 godina više porodilja ispitivane nego kontrolne grupe (17.92% prema 8.87%). (p=0.001, Mann-Whitney U test=6040.5). Primetna je veća zastupljenost porodilja u 37 .nedelji trudnoće u ispitivanoj grupi (16,4%) i veća zastupljenost porodilja u 40 . nedelji trudnoće u kontrolnoj grupi (52,2%). (p<0.0001, Mann-Whitney U test=5228.). Na osnovu toga sledi da su se deca porodilja ispitivane grupe rađala ranije u odnosu na decu kontrolne grupe , što znači da raniji porođaj /vreme porođaja) može biti faktor za nastanak RPK. Takođe, ni primena određenog načina porođaja nije zavisila od pola novorođenčadi. Poenta rada bila je preusmerena na utvrđivanje faktora rizika na RPK nakon karlične prezentacije ploda. Na osnovu dosadašnjih istraživanja i iskustva u ovoj vrsti porođaja, postavljene su hipoteze o mogućim, relevantnim činiocima. Saglasno većini autora, uticaj starosne dobi i pariteta porodilje, procenjena telesna masa neonatusa, ključni su za izbor načina porođaja, a način porođaja je od bitnih uslova za RPK, nakon karlične prezentacije.Značajno veća zastupljenost prvorotki koje su se porađale planiranim carskim rezom u grupi gde nije bilo RPK novorođenčadi navodi na zaključak da je to metod izbora u karličnoj prezentaciji, čime se može prevenirati RPK. Ima istraživača koji decidirano zastupaju ovakav stav. Kada je u pitanju planirani carski rez, ovo istraživanje je pokazalo da su se u slučaju prvorotki planiranim carskim rezom porađale žene znatno veće starosne dobi, da je niži apgar skor bio na rođenju sa RPK, u odnosu na prvorotke bez RPK.Od ukupnog broja posmatranih kukova kontrolne grupe ukupno (25.8%) su progradirala u kategoriju rizičnih kukova. Iz gore navedenog stava se da zaključiti da kod skoro četvrtine novorođenčadi sa karličnom prezentacijom koja su na prvom ultrazvučnom pregledu sa šest nedelja imalanormalan nalaz, na kontroli sa šest meseci dolazi do progresije u rizičan kuk te je zbog toga obavezna kontrola kukova sa šest meseci. Sumiranjem zaključaka nakon sveobuhvatne analize dobijenih rezultata istraživanja, došlo se do saznanja , da način porođaja utiče na pojavu RPK, da je najveća učestalost RPK u prvorotki , da planirani carski rez deluje protektivno na pojavu RPK,a da je najveći broj slučajeva RPK u novorođenčadi porođenih vaginalno i hitnim carskim rezom.
In recent years, electromagnetic field (EMF) and low-level laser (LLL) have been found to affect various biological processes, the growth and proliferation of cells, and especially that of stem ...cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EMF and LLL on proliferation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAT-MSCs) and thus to examine the impact of these therapeutic physical modalities on stem cell engraftment. hAT-MSCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of six persons ranging in age from 21 to 56 years. EMF was applied for a period of 7 days, once a day for 30 min, via a magnetic cushion surface at a frequency of 50 Hz and an intensity of 3 mT. LLL was applied also for 7 days, once a day for 5 min, at radiation energies of 3 J/cm
2
, with a wavelength of 808 nm, power output of 200 mW, and power density of 0.2 W/cm
2
. Nonexposed cells (control) were cultivated under the same culture conditions. Seven days after treatment, the cells were examined for cell viability, proliferation, and morphology. We found that after 7 days, the number of EMF-treated hAT-MSCs was significantly higher than the number of the untreated cells, LLL-treated hAT-MSCs were more numerous than EMF-treated cells, and hAT-MSCs that were treated with the combination of EMF and LLL were the most numerous. EMF and/or LLL treatment did not significantly affect hAT-MSC viability by itself. Changes in cell morphology were also observed, in terms of an increase in cell surface area and fractal dimension in hAT-MSCs treated with EMF and the combination of EMF and LLL. In conclusion, EMF and/or LLL treatment accelerated the proliferation of hAT-MSCs without compromising their viability, and therefore, they may be used in stem cell tissue engineering.
Background/Aim. An increased cardiovascular risk of thyroid dysfunction is associated with the impairment of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, metabolic, hormonal, ...hemodynamic changes and coagulation disorders. Subclinical hypothyroidism is characterized by supernormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level along with normal values of thyroid hormones. The association of subclinical hypothyroidism with higher cardiovascular risk has not been fully clarified. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome and the associated cardiovascular risk factors in patients with the subclinical hypothyroidism. Method. The study included 140 subjects aged from 18 to 65 years, out of which 105 subjects had subclinical hypothyroidism and 35 subjects were the euthyroid controls. The clinical trial program, completed in all subjects, included: detailed medical history and physical examination, waist circumference, and laboratory tests fasting glycemia, lipid and lipoprotein status, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) and TSH levels. Results. Out of 105 patients with the subclinical hypothyroidism, mean age 44.15 ? 11.23 years, 77 (73.3%) patients had metabolic syndrome. In the control group consisting of 35 subjects, mean age 33.80 ? 10.60 years, only 3 (8.6%) subjects had metabolic syndrome. Mean values of the waist circumference, fasting glycemia, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in subclinical hypothyroidism group in relation to the controls (p < 0.0001). Mean value of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower in subclinical hypothyroidism group as compared to the controls (p < 0.002). Conclusion. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was 9 times higher in subjects with the subclinical hypothyroidism in relation to subjects without any subclinical hypothyroidism.
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