This article reports world averages of measurements of
b
-hadron,
c
-hadron, and
τ
-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group using results available through summer 2016. For the ...averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known correlations are taken into account. The averages include branching fractions, lifetimes, neutral meson mixing parameters,
C
P
violation parameters, parameters of semileptonic decays, and Cabbibo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix elements.
Summary
In 1978, the first case of hepatitis E was identified as non‐A, non‐B hepatitis. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is believed to be one of the common causes of enterically transmitted acute ...hepatitis in developing countries and is rare in developed countries, except in patients with a history of travel. However, an increasing number of chronic HEV infection cases have recently been reported in developed countries. In these countries, immunosuppressed patients with HEV infection, such as organ transplant recipients, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients or patients with haematological malignancies, could develop chronic hepatitis E (CHE) infection. Approximately 60% of HEV infections in immunocompromised patients after solid organ transplantation evolve to CHE without antiviral treatment. Clinical manifestations of CHE are often nonspecific symptoms. Many patients with CHE infection are asymptomatic, but some have jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, fever and asthenia. Several extrahepatic manifestations have also been reported. Although chronic HEV infection can result in progressive severe liver failure and cirrhosis, diagnosis is often controversial because of the lack of specific diagnostic criteria. Many CHE cases are diagnosed by HEV RNA‐positive serum or stool for >6 months. Immunosuppressive drugs, interferon‐alpha and ribavirin have been used for treatment. Diagnostic reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction is useful for estimating treatment efficacy. Preventive measures for HEV infection have been discussed, while systematic guidelines have not yet been reported.
Disruption of intestinal microbial communities appears to underlie many human illnesses, but the mechanisms that promote this dysbiosis and its adverse consequences are poorly understood. In patients ...who received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), we describe a high incidence of enterococcal expansion, which was associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and mortality. We found that
also expands in the mouse gastrointestinal tract after allo-HCT and exacerbates disease severity in gnotobiotic models.
growth is dependent on the disaccharide lactose, and dietary lactose depletion attenuates
outgrowth and reduces the severity of GVHD in mice. Allo-HCT patients carrying lactose-nonabsorber genotypes showed compromised clearance of postantibiotic
domination. We report lactose as a common nutrient that drives expansion of a commensal bacterium that exacerbates an intestinal and systemic inflammatory disease.
We propose to measure the
τ
-
→
K
1
-
ν
τ
→
(
K
-
ω
)
ν
τ
→
(
K
-
π
+
π
-
π
0
)
ν
τ
decay in order to determine the
K
1
axial vector mixing angle
θ
K
1
. We derive, for the first time, the ...differential decay rate formula for this decay mode. Using the obtained result, we perform a sensitivity study for the Belle (II) experiment. We will show that the
K
-
π
+
π
-
π
0
spectrum of the
τ
-
→
K
1
-
ν
τ
→
(
K
-
ω
)
ν
τ
→
(
K
-
π
+
π
-
π
0
)
ν
τ
decay can discriminate the two solutions
θ
K
1
=
∼
30
∘
or
∼
60
∘
observed in the other measurements.
Abstract
This paper introduces a new approach to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly $a_{\mu} = (g-2)/2$ and the muon electric dipole moment (EDM) $d_{\mu}$ at the J-PARC muon facility. The goal ...of our experiment is to measure $a_{\mu}$ and $d_{\mu}$ using an independent method with a factor of 10 lower muon momentum, and a factor of 20 smaller diameter storage-ring solenoid compared with previous and ongoing muon $g-2$ experiments with unprecedented quality of the storage magnetic field. Additional significant differences from the present experimental method include a factor of 1000 smaller transverse emittance of the muon beam (reaccelerated thermal muon beam), its efficient vertical injection into the solenoid, and tracking each decay positron from muon decay to obtain its momentum vector. The precision goal for $a_{\mu}$ is a statistical uncertainty of 450 parts per billion (ppb), similar to the present experimental uncertainty, and a systematic uncertainty less than 70 ppb. The goal for EDM is a sensitivity of $1.5\times 10^{-21}~e\cdot\mbox{cm}$.
Phylogenetic analysis of 45 enterovirus 71 (EV71) isolates for 6 years in Yamagata, Japan, clarified that the annual outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease was due to four genetically distinct ...subgenogroups, including a novel "B5." Our results suggest that the importation of EV71 from surrounding countries has had a major epidemiological impact on the local community used in our study.
Searches for LFV at B factories Hayasaka, K
Journal of physics. Conference series,
06/2009, Letnik:
171, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Lepton-flavor violating (LFV) decay in τ, B and γ(nS) is expected to be very small in the Standard Model, even taking into account the effect of neutrino mixing. Therefore, the observation of such ...decays would be a clear signal of new physics. The production rate of τ pairs at B factory is comparable to that of B meson pairs and hence B factories are also excellent τ factories. Many LFV decay modes have been searched for at the B factories. We present the current status of searches for tau LFV decays as well as B and γ(nS) LFV decays. Some of the upper limits are now reaching to a range predicted by some new physics models.
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