Some studies have investigated the role of cholesterol in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanism of action is not clear. In this study, we used bioinformatics ...tools to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved. We initially obtained CRC datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and hypercholesterolemia data from GeneCards and DisGeNE. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined by using Venn diagram web tools. Next, we performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The hub gene was identified through common expression pattern analysis and survival analysis. Finally, we conducted an immune regulatory point analysis and predicted target drugs based on the hub gene. The results of our analysis revealed 13 common DEGs, with endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) identified as the hub gene linking hypercholesterolemia and CRC. The results of the GO analysis showed that the common DEGs were primarily associated with the G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, extracellular space, and receptor binding. The results of the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated enrichment in pathways related to cancer and the phospholipase D signaling pathway. Additionally, we identified potential target drugs, including Podocarpus montanus, Diospyros kaki, Herba Salviae japoniae, sitaxentan, and ambrisentan. We found that EDNRA might be an underlying biomarker for both hypercholesterolemia and CRC. The predicted target drugs provide new strategies for treating CRC.
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy in Southeast Asia and Southern China. Laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) has been validated to participate in diverse cancers. ...Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of LAMB3 in NPC remain unclear. In this study, LAMB3 expression is upregulated in NPC cells and tissues. Interestingly, knockdown of LAMB3 promoted apoptosis and reduced the radioresistance of NPC cells. Besides, shLAMB3 enhanced X-ray-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Mechanically, knockdown of LAMB3 deactivated nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway via enhancing forkhead box 3 (FOXO3) expression. In rescue experiments, suppression of NRF2 signaling pathway abrogated shLAMB3-induced NPC cell apoptosis and ROS accumulation under X-ray treatment. Similarly, LAMB3 knockdown restrains NPC tumor growth and reduces radioresistance in vivo. Thus, these findings concluded that knockdown of LAMB3 enhanced apoptosis and ROS accumulation, and suppressed radioresistance in NPC via enhancing FOXO3 expression and deactivating NRF2 signaling pathway, facilitating the development of novel strategies for NPC radioresistance.
The influence of interface temperature on the damage characteristics of C–Cu contacts’ interface plays a critical role in the current-carrying friction process which occurs between the contact pairs. ...In this paper, a method is proposed to adjust the interface temperature via settling an external heat source. The damage morphology and material transfer of C–Cu contacts are focused on when the range of interface temperature varies from the room temperature (25 °C) to 300 °C. Based on the experimental results, it can be found that high interface temperature can inhibit the surficial erosion of carbon materials, which tends to be obvious, especially along with the increment of current. Moreover, both the delamination wear of carbon surface and the copper-to-carbon transfer behavior decrease with the thermal surge of interface. This beneficial effect of interface temperature results in the reduction in friction coefficient by 14.3%, whereas the negative impacts brought from the high interface temperature are the surface cracking and the rapid recovery of wear rate of carbon materials, under high-current condition.
Graphical abstract
The objective was to investigate the potential effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on the initial neonatal oral microbiome community structure.
Oral samples were collected from 20 full-term, ...vaginally delivered newborns with sterile swabs. Nine of them had mothers diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group), while 11 had non-diabetic mothers (NDM group). The oral microbiota was analyzed using multi-barcode 16S rRNA sequencing on Illumina MiSeq system.
The results showed that the birth weight, gestational age and gestational weight gain were significantly higher in NDM group. There was a significant correlation between gestational age and birth weight. Neonatal oral microbiome was composed of five dominant phyla from
, and
. Compared to NDM group, a higher alpha diversity and reduction of phylum
were observed in GDM group. Genus
dominated in NDM group, while
, and
were overabundant in GDM group. Additionally, carbohydrate metabolism increased in NDM group, whereas amino acid metabolism, vitamin metabolism and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis were more abundant in GDM group.
This study showed a distinct oral microbiota profile in neonates born to mothers with GDM, which indicated that maternal diabetes status played an important role in neonatal initial oral microbiota.
Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, which experience significant postnatal growth restriction at the time of discharge, are at high risk of later growth failure and long-term consequences. This ...study aims to characterize the structure of intestinal microbiome community in VLBW infants with extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR).
Twenty-three VLBW infants appropriate for gestational age (GA) hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit of the BaoAn Maternal and Child Care Hospital (Shenzhen, China) were enrolled in this study, which were divided into the growth restriction group (EUGR;
= 12) and the normal growth group (AGA;
= 11). Meconium and fecal samples at postnatal day 28 were collected respectively during hospitalization. Total bacterial DNA was extracted and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing System based on the V3-V4 hyper-variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene.
The intestinal bacterial communities of preterm infants were dominated by the phylum
. Compared with the AGA group, the relative abundances of the genera
and
in meconium samples significantly decreased, whereas genera
, and
were more prevalent in the EUGR group. On postnatal day 28, the relative abundances of the genera
, and
were significantly different between the two groups, where genus
decreased significantly in the EUGR samples. Among them, genus
was more abundant on both postnatal day 1 and 28. Further KEGG prediction analysis showed that there were many differences in functional genes and pathways between the two groups on postnatal day 28, but not on day 1, the majority of which were related to energy metabolism. And no statistical differences were observed in the clinical characteristics of infants.
Overall, these findings showed that a distinct gut microbiota profile presented in preterm infants with EUGR. The role of intestinal microbiome in the extrauterine growth of preterm infants during hospitalization should be further investigated.
The surface of Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ phosphor prepared by solid-state reaction was modified by hydrofluoric acid wet etching. The SEM pictures show that the edge-angles-rich surface of the phosphor particles ...becomes smooth and the XRD spectra show that the surface crystallinity is improved after modification for more than 3h. Consequently, the photoluminescence emission from phosphor particles with smooth surface presents a higher quantum yield (increased by 5.5%) than that without modification, and a lower backscattering light by the smoothed phosphor particles is also found, which suggests better surface characteristics of light absorption, transparency and crystallinity.
► HF wet etching way is introduced to modify the YAG phosphor surface for the first time. ► The surface with riched edge angles has become smooth. ► The photoluminescence emission intensity is increased by 5.5%. ► The backscattering light intensity is obviously decreased. ► The wet etching method with HF is appropriate for mass process.
Mistuning, imperfections in the cyclical symmetry of bladed disks, is unavoidable due to many factors, including manufacturing tolerances and in-service wear and tear. Even small mistuning levels can ...cause large changes in the dynamics of bladed disks because mistuning destroys cyclic symmetry. In particular, mistuning can cause mode localization and a drastic increase of the maximum forced response level. To study mistuning, classical finite element analyses (FEA) approaches become computationally expensive because mistuning requires the analysis of the full disk model. Recently, compact and accurate reduced order models (ROMs) of mistuned bladed disks considering only structural coupling between sectors have been developed. However, the incorporation of unsteady aerodynamic effects into these ROMs is limited despite the fact that accurately accounting for the aerodynamic blade-to-blade coupling is essential for predicting mistuning effects in turbomachinery. Previous studies by the authors have shown that aerodynamic coupling can have important effects on the dynamics of bladed disks for subsonic flows. In particular, differences in the aerodynamic damping affect significantly the forced response amplification factor, and aeroelastic mistuned mode shapes differ significantly from the structural ones. These phenomena are accentuated in the transonic regime, where the presence of the shock creates a stronger blade-to-blade coupling than in the subsonic regime, as demonstrated herein. Parametric studies are conducted for various inflow Mach numbers and incidence angles. It is shown that the effect of aerodynamic coupling diminishes when the inflow Mach number is smaller, while the differences in the aerodynamic damping values still affect significantly the dynamics of mistuned bladed disks. Also, severe mistuned mode localizations are observed for modes having separated frequencies due to frequency veering.
The surface of a commercial Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ phosphor was modified by 99% NH4F+CH3COOH solution in a supersonic bath with water temperature of 80°C for 4 h. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ...results showed that the edge angles were not as sharp as the unmodified particles and the flat surfaces turned rough with many micro-structures covered. Positron lifetime measurements quantitatively showed that surface defects were removed away by more than 50%. As a result, the photoluminescence determinations showed that the backscatter loss was reduced by 4.2% and the emission power was enhanced by 5.6% after the surface modification. The conversion efficiency was greatly improved from 47.3% to 51.1%, as presented by the fluorescence images. Therefore, it would be greatly helpful for the improvement of efficiency, transparency and stability of pc-LED. Moreover, this method was significantly suitable for mass production due to its easy operation and low cost.
SEM images of the shape of the YAG phosphor particles before and after surface modification: the YAG phosphor particles without (a) and with (d) surface modification; the edge angle of one of particles without (b) and with (e) surface modification; the surface of one of particles without (c) and with (f) surface modification
•The hidden information in the dynamic weighing signal of cows is quantified using time domain features.•There is a correlation between dimensionless time-domain features and the prediction error of ...EWT.•The influence of hidden information on EWT prediction results can be weakened by using error compensation.•This method improves the accuracy of dynamic weighing in complex environments.
Weight is an essential indicator for the growth and development of cows. Traditional static weighing method requires a lot of labor and financial resources, the existing dynamic weighing algorithm has no consideration of the influence of hidden information on weighing results during cows' movement, and fails to meet the weighing requirements in complex environments. In this paper, we propose a cow dynamic weighing algorithm based on time domain features and error compensation, quantitatively analyze the hidden information in the dynamic weighing signal, and compensate for the error of the preliminary prediction results, leading to a high-precision dynamic weighing of cows. Firstly, the dynamic weighing signal of cows is pre-processed to obtain the effective signal, and each time domain feature of the effective signal are extracted. Then, the effective signal is decomposed by using the empirical wavelet transform (EWT), and the trend component's mean value is taken as the prediction value of EWT, so that the error between the prediction weight value and the real weight can be calculated. Next, four time-domain features are used as input and the error values are used as output to construct the data set, and the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) is used to obtain the optimal parameters of support vector regression (SVR) model for the training. Finally, the error prediction values output from the model are summed with the prediction values of EWT as the final weight prediction value. To evaluate the performance of the method in this paper, we collect dynamic weighing data from 626 cows, and then randomly select 501 data as the training set while the remaining 125 data as the test set. The average relative error of weight prediction of our method is 0.68%, and the root mean square error is 4.83 kg, better than the existing dynamic weighing algorithms. The experimental results show that the method in this paper is feasible to quantitatively analyze the implicit information of the effective signal according to the time domain features, and the error compensation method can effectively reduce dynamic weighing errors, particularly under extreme conditions, making the method more robust and better meeting the practical needs of farms.
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