Several reports suggest that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may be more toxic in Asian vs non-Asian populations. Comparative ...efficacy of these agents with respect to ethnicity is not well characterised.
A multicentre, retrospective, cohort study using Asian and non-Asian centres which collected data on ethnicity, dose reductions and outcomes using the International mRCC Database Consortium.
This study included 1024 (464 Asian, 560 non-Asian) patients with a 29.4 months median follow-up. The percentage of dose modifications/reductions between non-Asians and Asians was similar (55% vs 61% P=0.1197). When adjusted for risk groups, there was no difference in overall or progression-free survival between non-Asians and Asians. Patients with dose reductions due to toxicity had longer treatment durations and overall survival than those who did not in both non-Asian (10.6 vs 5.0 months, P<0.0001; 22.6 vs 16.1 months, P=0.0016, respectively) and Asian populations (8.9 vs 5.4 months, P=0.0028; 28.0 vs 18.7 months, P=0.0069, respectively).
Adjusting for risk groups, there appears to be no difference in outcome between Asian vs non-Asian patients with mRCC treated with VEGF-targeted therapy. Judicious dose reductions may allow for better outcomes in both populations due to longer treatment durations, but direct comparisons are needed.
One of the fundamental goals of particle physics is to gain microscopic understanding of the strong interaction. Electromagnetic form factors quantify the structure of hadrons in terms of charge and ...magnetization distributions. While the nucleon structure has been investigated extensively, data on hyperons is still scarce. It has recently been demonstrated that electron-positron annihilations into hyperon-antihyperon pairs provide a powerful tools to investigate their inner structure. We present a novel method useful for hyperon-antihyperon pairs of different types which exploits the cross section enhancement due to the vacuum polarization effect at the \(J/\psi\) resonance. Using the 10 billion \(J/\psi\) events collected with the BESIII detector, this allows a thorough determination of the hyperon structure . The result is essentially a precise snapshot of a \(\bar\Lambda\Sigma^0\)~(\(\Lambda\bar\Sigma^0\)) pair in the making, encoded in the form factor ratio and the phase. Their values are measured to be \(R = 0.860\pm0.029({\rm stat.})\pm0.010({\rm syst.})\), \(\Delta\Phi_1=(1.011\pm0.094({\rm stat.})\pm0.010({\rm syst.}))~\rm rad\) for \(\bar\Lambda\Sigma^0\) and \(\Delta\Phi_2=(2.128\pm0.094({\rm stat.})\pm0.010({\rm syst.}))~\rm rad\) for \(\Lambda\bar\Sigma^0\), respectively. Furthermore, charge-parity (CP) breaking is investigated for the first time in this reaction and found to be consistent with CP symmetry.
PHYS. REV. D 108, L111101 (2023) Using data samples collected at center-of-mass energies between 2.000 and
3.080 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, a
partial-wave analysis ...is performed on the process $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^+\pi^-$. In
addition to the dominant $e^+e^-\to\rho\eta$ component, the $e^+e^-\to
a_2(1320)\pi$ process is also sizeable, contributing up to 24% of the total
reaction. The measured cross sections of the process $e^+e^-\to\eta\pi^+\pi^-$
are systematically higher than those of BaBar by more than $3\sigma$ at
center-of-mass energies between 2.000 and 2.300 GeV. In the cross section
lineshape for $e^+e^-\to a_2(1320)\pi$, a resonant structure is observed with a
significance of $5.5\sigma$, with $M=(2044\pm31\pm4)$ MeV/$c^2$,
$\Gamma=(163\pm69\pm24)$ MeV and
$\mathcal{B_{R}}\cdot\Gamma_{e^+e^-}^{R}=(34.6\pm17.1\pm6.0)$ eV or
$(137.1\pm73.3\pm2.1)$ eV. In the cross section lineshape for
$e^+e^-\to\rho\eta$, an evidence of a dip structure around 2180 MeV/$c^2$ is
observed with statistical significance of $3.0\sigma$.
Background Phosphorylase kinase (PhK), also known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐phosphorylase b phosphotransferase, integrates multiple calcium/calmodulin‐dependent signalling pathways, including ...those involved in cell migration and cell proliferation, while coupling these pathways to glycogenolysis and ATP‐dependent phosphorylation, thus ensuring continuing energy supply for these activities. Objectives Our laboratory recently reported correlation of elevated PhK activity with psoriatic activity. This study further evaluates the significance of drug‐induced suppression of PhK activity on psoriatic activity. Patients and methods PhK activity was assayed in four groups, each with 10 patients: (i) active untreated psoriasis; (ii) resolving psoriasis treated by calcipotriol (Dovonex®, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, U.S.A.), a vitamin D3 analogue and an indirect inhibitor of PhK; (iii) curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a selective PhK inhibitor; and (iv) 10 normal non‐psoriatic subjects. Results PhK activity in units mg−1 protein was highest in active untreated psoriasis (1204 ± 804·3; mean ± SD), lower in the calcipotriol‐treated group (550·7 ± 192·9), lower in curcumin‐treated group (207·2 ± 97·6), and lowest in normal skin (105·4 ± 44·6). One‐way analysis of variance performed on log‐transformed PhK activity measure showed significant differences among the four groups, F3,36 = 48·79, P < 0·0001. Decreased PhK activity in curcumin‐and calcipotriol‐treated psoriasis was associated with corresponding decreases in keratinocyte transferrin receptor (TRR) expression, severity of parakeratosis and density of epidermal CD8+ T cells. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that drug‐induced suppression of PhK activity is associated with resolution of psoriatic activity as assessed by clinical, histological and immunohistochemical criteria, and support the hypothesis that effective antipsoriatic activity may be achieved through modulation of PhK activity.
The Daya Bay experiment has observed correlations between reactor core fuel evolution and changes in the reactor antineutrino flux and energy spectrum. Four antineutrino detectors in two experimental ...halls were used to identify 2.2 million inverse beta decays (IBDs) over 1230 days spanning multiple fuel cycles for each of six 2.9 GW\(_{\textrm{th}}\) reactor cores at the Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power plants. Using detector data spanning effective \(^{239}\)Pu fission fractions, \(F_{239}\), from 0.25 to 0.35, Daya Bay measures an average IBD yield, \(\bar{\sigma}_f\), of \((5.90 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-43}\) cm\(^2\)/fission and a fuel-dependent variation in the IBD yield, \(d\sigma_f/dF_{239}\), of \((-1.86 \pm 0.18) \times 10^{-43}\) cm\(^2\)/fission. This observation rejects the hypothesis of a constant antineutrino flux as a function of the \(^{239}\)Pu fission fraction at 10 standard deviations. The variation in IBD yield was found to be energy-dependent, rejecting the hypothesis of a constant antineutrino energy spectrum at 5.1 standard deviations. While measurements of the evolution in the IBD spectrum show general agreement with predictions from recent reactor models, the measured evolution in total IBD yield disagrees with recent predictions at 3.1\(\sigma\). This discrepancy indicates that an overall deficit in measured flux with respect to predictions does not result from equal fractional deficits from the primary fission isotopes \(^{235}\)U, \(^{239}\)Pu, \(^{238}\)U, and \(^{241}\)Pu. Based on measured IBD yield variations, yields of \((6.17 \pm 0.17)\) and \((4.27 \pm 0.26) \times 10^{-43}\) cm\(^2\)/fission have been determined for the two dominant fission parent isotopes \(^{235}\)U and \(^{239}\)Pu. A 7.8% discrepancy between the observed and predicted \(^{235}\)U yield suggests that this isotope may be the primary contributor to the reactor antineutrino anomaly.
Using $(1.0087\pm0.0044)\times10^{10}$ $J/\psi$ events collected by the
BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we search for the lepton number
violation decay $\phi \to \pi^+ \pi^+ e^- e^-$ via ...$J/\psi\to \phi\eta$. No
signal is found and the upper limit on the branching fraction of $\phi \to
\pi^+ \pi^+ e^- e^-$ is set to be $9.7\times10^{-6}$ at the 90\% confidence
level.
Phys. Rev. D 109, L091101 (2024) Evidence for the singly Cabibbo suppressed decay $\Lambda_c^+\to p\pi^0$ is
reported for the first time with a statistical significance of $3.7\sigma$
based on 6.0 ...$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data collected at
center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.843 GeV with the BESIII detector at
the BEPCII collider. The absolute branching fraction of $\Lambda_c^+\to p\pi^0$
is measured to be $(1.56^{+0.72}_{-0.58}\pm0.20)\times 10^{-4}$. Combining with
the branching fraction of $\Lambda_c^+\to n\pi^+$, $(6.6\pm1.3)\times10^{-4}$,
the ratio of the branching fractions of $\Lambda_c^+\to n\pi^+$ and
$\Lambda_c^+\to p\pi^0$ is calculated to be $3.2^{+2.2}_{-1.2}$. As an
important input for the theoretical models describing the decay mechanisms of
charmed baryons, our result indicates that the non-factorizable contributions
play an essential role and their interference with the factorizable
contributions should not be significant. In addition, the absolute branching
fraction of $\Lambda_c^+\to p\eta$ is measured to be $(1.63\pm0.31_{\rm
stat}\pm0.11_{\rm syst}) \times10^{-3}$.
Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 22.42 fb$^{-1}$ collected
by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the
cross sections of the ...$e^{+}e^{-}\rightarrow\etaJ/\psi$ process at
center-of-mass energies from 3.808 to 4.951 GeV. Three structures are observed
in the line shape of the measured cross sections. A maximum-likelihood fit with
$\psi(4040)$, two additional resonances, and a non-resonant component is
performed. The mass and width of the first additional state are
$(4219.7\pm2.5\pm4.5) \rm{MeV}/\rm{c}^2$ and $(80.7\pm4.4\pm1.4) \rm{MeV}$,
respectively, consistent with the $\psi(4230)$. For the second state, the mass
and width are $(4386\pm13\pm17) \rm{MeV}/\rm{c}^2$ and $(177\pm32\pm13)
\rm{MeV}$, respectively, consistent with the $\psi(4360)$. The first
uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The
statistical significance of $\psi(4040)$ is $8.0\sigma$ and those for
$\psi(4230)$ and $\psi(4360)$ are more than $10.0\sigma$.
The first observation of the decays $J\!/\!\psi \rightarrow \bar{p}
\Sigma^{+} K_{S}^{0}$ and $J\!/\!\psi \rightarrow p \bar{\Sigma}^{-} K_{S}^{0}$
is reported using $(10087\pm44)\times10^{6}$ ...$J\!/\!\psi$ events recorded by
the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring. The branching fractions of each
channel are determined to be $\mathcal{B}(J\!/\!\psi \rightarrow \bar{p}
\Sigma^{+} K_{S}^{0})=(1.361 \pm 0.006 \pm 0.025) \times 10^{-4}$ and
$\mathcal{B}(J\!/\!\psi \rightarrow p \bar{\Sigma}^{-} K_{S}^{0})=(1.352 \pm
0.006 \pm 0.025) \times 10^{-4}$. The combined result is
$\mathcal{B}(J\!/\!\psi \rightarrow \bar{p} \Sigma^{+} K_{S}^{0} +c.c.)=(2.725
\pm 0.009 \pm 0.050) \times 10^{-4}$, where the first uncertainty is
statistical and the second systematic. The results presented are in good
agreement with the branching fractions of the isospin partner decay $J\!/\!\psi
\rightarrow p K^- \bar\Sigma^0 + c.c.$.
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