In this paper, we study the Hörmander multiplier theorem for multilinear operators. We generalize the result of Tomita (J Funct Anal 259(8):2028–2044, 2010) to wider target spaces and extend that of ...Grafakos and Van Nguyen (Monatsh Math 190(4):735–753, 2019) to multilinear operators. We indeed give two different proofs: The first proof is based on the results of Grafakos et al. (Can J Math 65(2):299–330, 2013; II J Math Soc Jpn 69(2):529–562, 2017), Grafakos and Van Nguyen (Colloq Math 144(1):1–30, 2016; Monatsh Math 190(4):735–753, 2019), Miyachi and Tomita (Rev Mat Iberoam 29(2):495–530, 2013) and for the second one we provide a new and original approach, inspired by Muscalu et al. (Acta Math 193(2):269–296, 2004). We also give an application and discuss the sharpness of the result.
Oxidative stress is a key mediator of neuronal death in acute brain injuries, such as epilepsy, trauma, and stroke. Although it is accompanied by diverse cellular changes, increases in levels of ...intracellular zinc ion (Zn
2+
) and calcium ion (Ca
2+
) may play a critical causative role in oxidative neuronal death. However, the mechanistic link between Zn
2+
and Ca
2+
dyshomeostasis in neurons during oxidative stress is not well-understood. Here, we show that the exposure of cortical neurons to H
2
O
2
led to a zinc-triggered calcium influx, which resulted in neuronal death. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, NU6027, inhibited H
2
O
2
-induced Ca
2+
increases and subsequent cell death in cortical neurons, without affecting the early increase in Zn
2+
. Therefore, we attempted to identify the zinc-regulated Ca
2+
pathway that was inhibited by NU6027. The expression profile in cortical neurons identified transient receptor potential cation channel 5 (TRPC5) as a candidate that is known to involve in the generation of epileptiform burst firing and epileptic neuronal death (Phelan KD et al. 2012a; Phelan KD et al. 2013b). NU6027 inhibited basal and zinc-augmented TRPC5 currents in TRPC5-overexpressing HEK293 cells. Consistently, cortical neurons from TRPC5 knockout mice were highly resistant to H
2
O
2
-induced death. Moreover, NU6027 is neuroprotective in kainate-treated epileptic rats. Our results demonstrate that TRPC5 is a novel therapeutic target against oxidative neuronal injury in prolonged seizures and that NU6027 is a potent inhibitor of TRPC5.
A feedback edge combiner is proposed for the duty-cycle corrector (DCC) of a delay locked loop (DLL) to increase the range of allowed input duty cycle. The feedback edge combiner generates the rising ...edge of a DCC output at the rising edge of an input clock. It generates the falling edge of the DCC output at the rising edge of a feedback clock that is a half-period-delayed signal of the DCC output. A dual-delay-line digitally controlled delay line (DCDL) is used for seamless boundary switching. The chip area of the DCDL is reduced by around 46% by employing the architecture of two short coarse delay lines followed by a fine phase mixer (FPM) and a long coarse delay line in series instead of the architecture of two long coarse delay lines followed by an FPM. The measurements on the chip fabricated in the 65-nm CMOS show the allowed input duty cycle in the range from 20% to 80%; root-mean-square and peak-to-peak jitters of 2.69 and 14.0 ps, respectively, at 2 GHz and 1.2 V; and the operating frequency range from 0.12 to 2.0 GHz at 1.2 V. The measured power consumption is 3.3 mW/GHz at 1.2 V. The chip area is 0.059 mm 2 .
Introduction: To evaluate the prognostic value of the time-to-positivity in patients with culture-positive septic shock. Methods: Retrospective study using a prospective data registry was performed ...at the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. Consecutive adult patients with septic shock (N = 2499) were enrolled between 2014 and 2018. Bacteremia was defined using blood cultures, and viral and fungal pathogens were excluded. The primary outcome was the 28-day mortality. Results: In 803 (46.7%) septic shock patients with bacteremia, median TTP was 10.1 h. The most prevalent isolated bacterial pathogens were Escherichia coli (40.8%) and Klebsiella (23.4%). Although the TTP correlated with a higher sequential organ failure assessment score (Spearman’s rho = −0.12, p < 0.01), it showed no significant difference between the 28-day survivors and non-survivors (10.2 vs. 9.4 days, p = 0.35). In subgroup analysis of the Escherichia coli and Klebsiella bacteremia cases, a shorter TTP showed prognostic value for predicting the 28-day mortality. The optimal TTP cut-off for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella was 10 h and 8 h, respectively. Conclusions: The prognostic value of the TTP in septic shock patients receiving bundle therapy may be limited and its clinical interpretation should only be made on a pathogen-specific basis.
•A mathematical definition and basic structural models for supply chain reliability.•Diverse supply chains can be systematically defined and improved by our approach.•A case study demonstrates the ...effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Supply chain reliability has been receiving increasing attention in recent years, as it might provide a theoretical background for quantifying supply chain risks and uncertainties. However, most previous researches on supply chain reliability only focus on some reliability issue for limited supply chain structure without any general definition of supply chain reliability. This limitation makes it difficult to apply the theoretically well-established reliability engineering methodologies to various assessment and optimization problems related to supply chain reliability and risk. To tackle the issue, this paper provides a mathematical definition on supply chain reliability and relevant functions based on the traditional reliability theory, and subsequently, the basic structural reliability models for various types of supply chains. This paper also verifies that the proposed functions and structural reliability models are applicable to various types of supply chain with a case study of a computer assembly company.
The constantly increasing number of cars in the megacities is causing severe parking problems. To resolve this problem, many cities adopt parking guidance system as a part of intelligent ...transportation system (ITS). However, the current parking guidance system stays in its infant stage since the obtainable information is limited. To enhance parking management in the megacity and to provide better parking guidance to drivers, this study introduces an intelligent parking guidance system and proposes a new methodology to operate it. The introduced system considers both public parking and private parking so that it is designed to maximize the use of spatial resources of the city. The proposed methodology is based on the dynamic information related parking in the city and suggests the best parking space to each driver. To do this, two kinds of utility functions which assess parking spaces are developed. Using the proposed methodology, different types of parking management policies are tested through the simulation. According to the experimental test, it is shown that the centrally managed parking guidance can give better results than individually preferred parking guidance. The simulation test proves that both a driver’s benefits and parking management of a city from various points of view can be improved by using the proposed methodology.
Changes in symptoms and dysfunction related to meniscus tears following the use of Korean medicine for ≥ 4 days were studied. The medical charts of 53 cases of diagnosed meniscus tears (magnetic ...resonance imaging) with an admission Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score ≥ 4, between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Treatments included acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herbal treatment, Chuna therapy, and physiotherapy. The NRS, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions were performed at admission and discharge. There were 42 females and 11 males in this study. Patients were more likely to be in their 60s (38.18%), have an unknown etiology (81.13%), and have complex tears (50.94%). After receiving a combination of alternative Korean medicine during hospitalization, the mean NRS score improved from 6.82 ± 1.19 to 3.66 ± 1.83 (p < 0.001), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score improved from 46.47 ± 20.99 to 37.98 ± 19.23 (p < 0.001), and the mean European Quality of Life Five Dimensions score improved from 0.61 ± 0.18 to 0.68 ± 0.14 (p < 0.001) after treatment. These results suggest that Korean medicine treatment of meniscus tears alleviated pain and improved physical function.
Adding benzoic acid and aniline as cocatalysts to the RhI/2‐amino‐3‐picoline catalyzed hydroacylation of alkenes with aldehydes to give ketones results in a remarkable improvement in yield and ...activity for example, Eq. (1). This is one of the few examples of a successful intermolecular hydroacylation reaction.
On condition based maintenance policy Shin, Jong-Ho; Jun, Hong-Bae
Journal of Computational Design and Engineering,
April 2015, 2015-04-01, Letnik:
2, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In the case of a high-valuable asset, the Operation and Maintenance (O&M) phase requires heavy charges and more efforts than the installation (construction) phase, because it has long usage life and ...any accident of an asset during this period causes catastrophic damage to an industry. Recently, with the advent of emerging Information Communication Technologies (ICTs), we can get the visibility of asset status information during its usage period. It gives us new challenging issues for improving the efficiency of asset operations. One issue is to implement the Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) approach that makes a diagnosis of the asset status based on wire or wireless monitored data, predicts the assets abnormality, and executes suitable maintenance actions such as repair and replacement before serious problems happen. In this study, we have addressed several aspects of CBM approach: definition, related international standards, procedure, and techniques with the introduction of some relevant case studies that we have carried out.
•The smart parking guidance algorithm which considers dynamic circumstances of parking facilities in a city.•The heuristic parking guidance algorithm based on dispatching rules.•The validation of the ...proposed algorithm is performed by the simulation tests.•The proposed algorithm can improve performance measures such as driving duration and time.•The proposed algorithm enables car drivers to find the most appropriate parking lot and reduce redundant time and energy.
Parking problem becomes one of major issues in the city transportation management since the spatial resource of a city is limited and the parking cost is expensive. Lots of cars on the road should spend unnecessary time and consume energy during searching for parking due to limited parking space. To cope with these limitations and give more intelligent solutions to drivers in the selection of parking facility, this study proposes a smart parking guidance algorithm. The proposed algorithm supports drivers to find the most appropriate parking facility considering real-time status of parking facilities in a city. To suggest the most suitable parking facility, several factors such as driving distance to the guided parking facility, walking distance from the guided parking facility to destination, expected parking cost, and traffic congestion due to parking guidance, are considered in the proposed algorithm. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulation tests have been carried out. The proposed algorithm helps to maximize the utilization of space resources of a city, and reduce unnecessary energy consumption and CO2 emission of wandering cars since it is designed to control the utilization of parking facility efficiently and reduce traffic congestion due to parking space search.
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