Garment manufacture and garment fit to physique is a never-ending research subject. The human body is subject to changes that are reflected in its shape and body measurements, and appear in all ...periods of life. Monitoring the changes and gaining insight into the actual amounts of physical dimensions of an individual population unfold numerous opportunities to affect clothing design and manufacturing. In accordance with the issues mentioned above, a research was carried out to determine male body types of the Croatian male population. Male body types for a specific clothing size determine waist and hip girth, which completes the information on main body measurement amounts. Furthermore, the types of bodies are prescribed by the European Standard 14302-3 and, accordingly, in the observed sample, the presence of a particular type is determined with respect to regional affiliation and age. This study was conducted on a sample of 4090 test subjects divided into five regions, ages 20 to 85 years, divided into seven age groups. By statistical analysis of the results, that is, by the methods of descriptive statistics, the values of physical dimensions necessary for this research were determined.
U radu je prikazan postupak i metode za izradu gornjišta ženske cipele s visokom potpeticom - salonke. Važnost cipele s visokom potpeticom posebno je naglašena od sredine 20. stoljeća, a do danas je ...postala nezaobilazni dio ženske mode u svim prigodama. S obzirom da se neprestano pojavljuju novi modeli salonki, raznih visina potpetice i raznih materijala izrade u ovom radu je prikazana konstrukcija i oblikovanje jednog modela salonke koja prati oblik stopala te omogućuje udobnost tijekom nošenja.
Konstrukcija ženske salonke temelji se na metodi izrade kopije kalupa ljepljivom papirnom trakom koja je opisana u radu.
Body shape and size reached by an adult human being are the results of complex growth processes and development occurring during childhood and youth. To develop a suitable size system, anthropometric ...measurements of the selected population should be carried out. For this purpose, a sample of 4071 girls aged 13–20 years in Croatia was measured. As the basis for a new method of clothing size system, the system and methods defined in the standards HRN EN 13402 (1st–3rd parts) were used. Factor and two-stage cluster analyses were performed in this research and as a result three girl body types were obtained. Also 56 sizes for a girl’s lower body with a coverage rate of 77.7% were determined.
SAŽETAK: Antropometrija je istraživačka metoda antropologije koja se bavi utvrđivanjem dimenzija ljudskog tijela i njihovim prosuđivanjem. Cilj joj je što točnijim mjerenjem kvantitativno ...okarakterizirati njegova fiziološka i morfološka obilježja. Ljudsko tijelo se tijekom života, pod utjecajem brojnih čimbenika, neprestano mijenja. Promjene tjelesnih dimenzija i oblika tijela te njihovo sustavno praćenje omogućeno je provođenjem antropometrijskih mjerenja. Rezultati antropometrijskih mjerenja pokazatelj su morfoloških karakteristika te daju uvid u razvojne osobitosti i zdravstveno stanje određene populacije, kao i uvid u promjene u uzastopnim generacijama. Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi zdravstveni rizik ispitanika na temelju tjelesnih izmjera opsega struka i opsega bokova. Ovo istraživanje provedeno je na uzorku od 799 žena i 686 muškaraca starosne dobi od 20 do 85 godina razvrstanih u sedam dobnih skupina. Zaključci istraživanja zasnivaju se na statističkoj analizi primjenom deskriptivne metode.
SUMMARY: Anthropometrics is a branch of anthropology focused on measuring the human body dimensions and their assessment. The objective is to measure as precisely as possible the human body in order to identify its physiological and morphological characteristics. In the course of human life, the body is subject to numerous influences that change its characteristics. The monitoring of the changes in the human body and in its dimensions and forms is ensured by continuing anthropometric measuring. Results of such measurements give insight into the morphological, developmental and health indicators characteristic of a population, as well as providing an insight into the changes observed in monitoring successive generations. The paper aims to determine the health risks to the subjects based on the measurements of their waist and hips. The study was carried out on a sample including 799 women and 686 men, aged 20 to 85, divided into seven age groups. The conclusions are grounded in the statistical analysis using the descriptive method.
Purpose - Anthropometry as one of anthropology methods is concerned with the measurement of the human body and determining the relationship of the size and proportions of the human body. Aims to ...outline the main features of the Croatian anthropometric system (HAS).Design methodology approach - The paper provides a description of the major characteristics included in HAS, the STIRP project supported by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports by means of the HITRA program.Findings - In its TEST subprogram, HAS includes the first systematic anthropometric measurement in all Croatian counties and in the city of Zagreb. The objective of HAS is to determine a proposal of the new size system of clothing and footwear. The paper describes major characteristics included: anthropometric measurements and target points, part of practical measurements, survey of measurements based on age groups and instruments used for these purposes, notes about field measurements and HAS users.Practical implications - The implementation of HAS has been harmonized with International Organization for Standardization and EN standards and represents a considerable contribution on the path to the EU.Originality value - Provides information of value to those concerned with developments in the clothing and garment industries.
Garment size system is an important factor for both the adult population and the population of children and adolescents when choosing a suitable and fitting clothing. To develop the size system ...anthropometric measurements of selected population should be carried out. For this purpose a sample of girls aged 6 to 12 years in Croatia were measured (4002 respondents distributed proportionately to the total population). As the basis for a new method of garment size system, the system and method defined in the standards EN 13402 (1st-3rd part) were used. Using the method of cluster analysis three body types of girls was obtained. The new size system for girls will contribute to better production planning of fitting patterns and larger selection of garment sizes for more demanding youthful consumers.
Garment size system is an important factor for both the adult population and the population of children and adoles- cents when choosing a suitable and fitting clothing. To develop the size system ...anthropometric measurements of selected population should be carried out. For this purpose a sample of girls aged 6 to 12 years in Croatia were measured (4002 respondents distributed proportionately to the total population). As the basis for a new method of garment size system, the system and method defined in the standards EN 13402 (1 st –3 rd part) were used. Using the method of cluster analysis three body types of girls was obtained. The new size system for girls will contribute to better production planning of fit- ting patterns and larger selection of garment sizes for more demanding youthful consumers.
Ovaj rad prikazuje povijesni pregled razvoja i karakteristika ženskih korzeta, te se detaljnije istražuje i prikazuje promjena i primjena korzeta tijekom 20. stoljeća. Dodatno se obrađuju utjecaji ...raznih silueta i oblika struka na konstrukciju korzeta, te se kroz modeliranje vlastite kolekcije korzeta inspirirane 20. stoljećem predstavlja sociološki utjecaj korzeta na tijelo i uporaba korzeta u funkciji oblikovanja tijela. Kolekcija je predstavljena kroz nekoliko modela prilagođenih suvremenijim trendovima, a konačni model izrađen je prema vlastitim mjerama autorice rada.
A total of 249 serum samples from 13 wild animal species namely fallow deer (Dama dama, n = 1), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus, n = 80), red deer (Cervus elaphus, n = 22), chamois (Rupicapra ...rupicapra, n = 21), mouflon (Ovis musimon, n = 4), brown hare (Lepus europaeus, n = 2), nutria (Myocastor coypus, n = 1), red fox (Vulpes vulpes, n = 97), stone marten (Martes foina, n = 12), European badger (Meles meles, n = 2), golden jackal (Canis aureus, n = 2) Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx, n = 2) and grey wolf (Canis lupus, n = 3) were analysed for the presence of antibodies against Leptospira interrogans sensu stricto. Serum samples were examined via the microscopic agglutination test for the presence of specific antibodies against Leptospira serovars Icterohaemorrhagiae, Bratislava, Pomona, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Sejroe, Australis, Autumnalis, Canicola, Saxkoebing and Tarassovi. Antibodies to at least one of the pathogenic serovars were detected in 77 (30.9%; CI = 25–37%) sera. The proportion of positive samples varied intraspecifically and was the biggest in large carnivores (lynx, wolf and jackal; 86%), followed by mezzo predators: stone marten (67%) and red fox (34%), and large herbivores: red deer (32%), roe deer (25%), alpine chamois (10%) and mouflon (0%). Out of the 77 positive samples, 42 samples (53.8%) had positive titres against a single serovar, while 35 (45.4%) samples had positive titres against two or more serovars. The most frequently detected antibodies were those against the serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. The present study confirmed the presence of multiple pathogenic serovars in wildlife throughout Slovenia. It can be concluded that wild animals are reservoirs for at least some of the leptospiral serovars and are a potential source of leptospirosis for other wild and domestic animals, as well as for humans.
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