Suicide attempts can cause serious physical harm or death. It would be crucial to gain a better understanding of the comparative efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions. We aimed to identify ...which non-pharmacological interventions are more effective in preventing suicide attempts. PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched systematically from their inception until 3 April 2023. To be eligible for inclusion, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had to meet the following criteria: Participants were individuals who had suicidal ideation or a history of severe self-harm or attempted suicide. A network meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to estimate the treatment effect of various non-pharmacological interventions. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023411393). We obtained data from 54 studies involving 17,630 participants. Our primary analysis found that Cognitive therapy (CT) (OR=0.19, 95%CI =0.04–0.81), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) (OR=0.37, 95%CI =0.13–0.97), Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) (OR=0.42, 95%CI =0.17–0.99), and Brief intervention and contact (BIC) (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.44–0.94) were superior to TAU (within the longest available follow-up time) in preventing suicide attempts, while other intervention methods do not show significant advantages over TAU. Secondary analysis showed that the two intervention measures (CT and BIC) were effective when follow-up time did not exceed 6 months, but there was no effective intervention measure with longer follow-up times. CT, DBT, CBT, and BIC have a better effect in preventing suicide attempts than other non-pharmacological interventions. Additional research is necessary to validate which interventions, as well as which combinations of interventions, are the most effective.
•CT, DBT, CBT, and BIC significantly reduce suicide attempts.•CT and BIC show effectiveness within 6 months, highlighting timely intervention importance.•Further studies needed to identify optimal interventions and combinations for enhanced efficacy.
Chemistry of the actinide elements represents a challenging yet vital scientific frontier. Development of actinide chemistry requires fundamental understanding of the relative roles of actinide ...valence-region orbitals and the nature of their chemical bonding. We report here an experimental and theoretical investigation of the uranium methylidyne molecules X₃U≡CH (X = F, Cl, Br), F₂ClU≡CH, and F₃U≡CF formed through reactions of laser-ablated uranium atoms and trihalomethanes or carbon tetrafluoride in excess argon. By using matrix infrared spectroscopy and relativistic quantum chemistry calculations, we have shown that these actinide complexes possess relatively strong U≡C triple bonds between the U 6d-5f hybrid orbitals and carbon 2s-2p orbitals. Electron-withdrawing ligands are critical in stabilizing the U(VI) oxidation state and sustaining the formation of uranium multiple bonds. These unique U≡C-bearing molecules are examples of the long-sought actinide-alkylidynes. This discovery opens the door to the rational synthesis of triple-bonded actinide-carbon compounds.
Surface Ricci flow is a powerful tool to design Riemannian metrics by user defined curvatures. Discrete surface Ricci flow has been broadly applied for surface parameterization, shape analysis, and ...computational topology. Conventional discrete Ricci flow has limitations. For meshes with low quality triangulations, if high conformality is required, the flow may get stuck at the local optimum of the Ricci energy. If convergence to the global optimum is enforced, the conformality may be sacrificed.
This work introduces a novel method to generalize the traditional discrete Ricci flow. The generalized Ricci flow is more flexible, more robust and conformal for meshes with low quality triangulations. Conventional method is based on circle packing, which requires two circles on an edge intersect each other at an acute angle. Generalized method allows the two circles either intersect or separate from each other. This greatly improves the flexibility and robustness of the method. Furthermore, the generalized Ricci flow preserves the convexity of the Ricci energy, this ensures the uniqueness of the global optimum. Therefore the algorithm won't get stuck at the local optimum.
Generalized discrete Ricci flow algorithms are explained in details for triangle meshes with both Euclidean and hyperbolic background geometries. Its advantages are demonstrated by theoretic proofs and practical applications in graphics, especially surface parameterization.
the whole process of risk assessment is a necessary part of the project preparation stage, which can avoid the risk factors and ensure the safety of the project. However, the existing assessment ...methods have the problem of weak control. Given this situation, a project whole process risk assessment method based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is proposed. Based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, the risk weight is solved. The relevant influencing parameters are combined. The value range of the interdependence index is determined, and the calculation of risk factors is completed. Then, the standard evaluation data is fused by filtering high-risk data so as to deduce the core evaluation criteria. Complete the design of the whole process risk assessment method of the project based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The experimental results indicate that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model can greatly reduce the value of the key evaluation parameters, which can play a promoting role in avoiding risk factors and completing the accurate evaluation of the whole process of project risk.
In honey bee colonies, workers, in particular of “anarchistic” lineages, can activate their ovaries and lay eggs, even in the presence of the queen. We identified three queenright colonies showing ...typical signs of worker reproduction. To characterize this new lineage, we extracted the mandibular gland and analyzed it using gas chromatography. The total amounts of the five main components of the mandibular gland, namely methyl p-hydroxyben-zoate (HOB), 9-oxo-2(E)-decenoic acid (9-ODA), (S)-9-hydroxy-(E)-2-decenoic acid (9-HDA), 10-HDA, and 10-hydroxyde-canoic acid (10-HDAA) were significantly higher in the mandibular gland profiles of workers with activated ovaries (AWs, 8.88 ± 1.71 μg) compared to workers with inactivated ovaries (IAWs, 4.00 ± 2.09 μg). Furthermore, the chemical profiles of IAWs were dominated by the “worker substances” 10-HDA (34.64 ± 8.19 %) and its precursor 10-HDAA (22.88 ± 4.95 %), while the chemical profiles in AWs were dominated by the precursor of the queen substance 9-HDA (40.04 ± 7.55 %). The ratios of two precursor substances 10-HDAA/9-HDA of IAWs were more worker like (>1.0) whereas AWs were more queen like (≤1.0). These results suggest that the mandibular pheromones of anarchistic workers resemble a more queen-like reproductive active profile and that these workers may represent a reversion to a more basal reproductive phenotype.
This study investigates the deterioration mechanism of the compressive mechanical properties of sprayed ECC under different temperature chloride erosion, as well as the deterioration mechanism of the ...rock-sprayed ECC combined body. The results show that the deterioration of compressive mechanical properties of sprayed ECC is due to the continuous accumulation of Friedel's salt and chloride crystals to generate expansion force, which causes microcracks, and the C–S–H gel changes from dense to reticular form, deteriorating the mechanical properties. In addition, with the increase of temperature, the hydration products dissolve to form new transport channels, which aggravates the deterioration. The deterioration of combined body is related to the repeated damage to the area where chloride ions pass through. Moreover, microcracks will actively tend to the area where expansion microcracks or salting-out occurs. The phenomenon of convergence or dispersion appears in crack propagation, which aggravates the formation of more axial penetrating cracks.
•The deterioration law of compressive mechanical properties of sprayed ECC under the coupling effect of temperature-chloride is obtained.•The deterioration mechanism of compressive mechanical properties of sprayed ECC is revealed by energy and microstructure characteristics.•The change law and fitting equation of erosion depth of sprayed ECC at 80 °C are obtained.•The deterioration mechanism of compressive mechanical properties of like rock-sprayed ECC combined body is explored.
Among the potential non-food energy crops,the sugar-rich C4 grass sweet sorghum and the biomass-rich Miscanthus are increasingly considered as two leading candidates.Here,we outline the biological ...traits of these energy crops for largescale production in China.We also review recent progress on understanding of plant cell wall composition and wall polymer features of both plant species from large populations that affect both biomass enzymatic digestibility and ethanol conversion rates under various pretreatment conditions.We finally propose genetic approaches to enhance biomass production,enzymatic digestibility and sugar-ethanol conversion efficiency of the energy crops.
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) serves as a central factor in hydrolysis of triacylglycerol and uptake of free fatty acids from the plasma. However, there are limited data concerning the action of LPL on ...the regulation of milk fat synthesis in goat mammary gland. In this investigation, we describe the cloning and sequencing of the LPL gene from Xinong Saanen dairy goat mammary gland, along with a study of its phylogenetic relationships. Sequence analysis showed that goat LPL shares similarities with other species including sheep, bovine, human and mouse. LPL mRNA expression in various tissues determined by RT-qPCR revealed the highest expression in white adipose tissue, with lower expression in heart, lung, spleen, rumen, small intestine, mammary gland, and kidney. Expression was almost undetectable in liver and muscle. The expression profiles of LPL gene in mammary gland at early, peak, mid, late lactation, and the dry period were also measured. Compared with the dry period, LPL mRNA expression was markedly greater at early lactation. However, compared with early lactation, the expression was lower at peak lactation and mid lactation. Despite those differences, LPL mRNA expression was still greater at peak, mid, and late lactation compared with the dry period. Using goat mammary epithelial cells (GMEC), the in vitro knockdown of LPL via shRNA or with Orlistat resulted in a similar degree of down-regulation of LPL (respectively). Furthermore, knockdown of LPL was associated with reduced mRNA expression of SREBF1, FASN, LIPE and PPARG but greater expression of FFAR3. There was no effect on ACACA expression. Orlistat decreased expression of LIPE, FASN, ACACA, and PPARG, and increased FFAR3 and SREBF1 expression. The pattern of LPL expression was similar to the changes in milk fat percentage in lactating goats. Taken together, results suggest that LPL may play a crucial role in fatty acid synthesis.
Previous studies have concentrated on the value of managerial leadership for safety behavior conduct by employees in the workplace. However, safety leadership styles concerning mindful safety ...practices have rarely been examined. The goal of this study is therefore to investigate the relationships between safety-specific leaderships (transformational and active transactional leadership) and the adoption of mindful safety practices among first-line workers mediated by safety climate in the Chinese petroleum industry. Data were obtained from first-line workers in two Chinese petroleum companies. PLS-SEM results show that transformational and active transactional leadership are positively related to safety climate, which in turn affects mindful safety practice adoption in the Chinese petroleum industry. The results of the current study indicate that transformational and active transactional leadership in a safety-specific view offer a comprehensive leadership model for mindful safety practices conduct in the Chinese petroleum industry.
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