A brief overview of the constitutional order of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the position of local self-government in the vertical structure of government ...is provided in the paper. In addition, the issue of the organization and jurisdiction of local self-government is treated. The issue of the right to local self-government guaranteed by the Constitution of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is addressed in this paper. The right of civil servants in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the attitude of political structures to professional independence of civil servants and the role and importance that civil servants should have in the processes of exercising civil rights, and the right to local self-government is what the research is focused on. The necessity of harmonization of cantonal legislation on civil service law with federal legislation, and the need to base the civil service law on the principles and standards achieved in the EU is what the paper points out.
U radu se daje kratak pregled ustavnog uređenja Bosne i Hercegovine i Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine te položaja lokalne samouprave u vertikalnom ustroju vlasti. Pored toga, tretira se pitanje organizacije i nadležnosti jedinica lokalne samouprave. U radu se obrađuje pitanje prava na lokalnu samoupravu koju garantira Ustav Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine. Fokus istraživanja je usmjeren na službeničko pravo u Federaciji Bosne i Hercegovine, odnos političkih struktura prema službeničkoj profesionalnoj neovisnosti i ulogu i značaj koji državni službenici treba da imaju u postupcima ostvarivanja građanskih prava, odnosno prava na lokalnu samoupravu. Autor ukazuje na nužnost harmonizacije kantonalnog zakonodavstva iz oblasti službeničkog prava sa federalnim zakonodavstvom, te potrebu utemeljenosti službeničkog prava na načelima i dostignutim standardima u Europskoj uniji.
U ovom radu, autor se bavi tipiziranjem načina mijenjanja aktualnih ustava u svijetu, polazeći od uloge i značaja subjekata ustavnih promjena u postupku revidiranja ustava. Na osnovu tako utvrðenih ...obilježja ustavnih pravila o načinu i mogućnostima revizije ustava, autor utvrðuje pet osnovnih modela mijenjanja ustava: a) parlamentarni model, b) referendumski model, c) parlamentarno - referendumski model, d) inokosni model i e) mješoviti ili kombinirani model. Unutar navedenih modela diferencira se osam tipova i četiri podtipa revizije ustava. Parlamentarni model karakterizira odlučujuća uloga parlamenta uz odreðene varijacije (pet tipova) ovog modela. Kod referendumskog modela primarno je referendumsko izjašnjavanje graðana bez kojeg ne mogu biti izvršene ustavne promjene niti je utvrðena mogućnost anuliranja rezultata referenduma. Parlamentarno-referendumski model je specifičan po približno jednakom značaju odluke parlamenta i graðana donesene na referendumu, jer niti jedan od tih subjekata ne može samostalno odlučiti o promjenama. Meðutim, i kod ovog modela postoje odreðene varijacije (tipovi). Inokosni model podrazumijeva ustavnopravne sisteme u kojima o promjenama ustava odlučuje inokosni organ vlasti. Mješoviti model je naročito specifičan zbog mogućnosti donošenja odluka od strane različitih organa neovisno jednog od drugog. Pored toga, u radu se daje pregled osnovnih ustavnih mehanizama ograničavanja i onemogućavanja mijenjanja ustava kao što su a) složenost postupka, b) ograničenost iniciranja i podnošenja prijedloga, c) kvorum i većina, d) klauzule vječnosti.
The paper deals with typing of the revision models of actual constitutions in the world, starting from the role and importance of the constitution’s revision subjects in the constitution’s revision ...process. Based on the established features of the constitutional rules on way and possibilities of revising the constitution, the author determines five basic revising constitution models: a) the parliamentary model, b) the referendum model, c) the parliamentary-referendum model, d) uni-personal model, and e) the combined or mixed model. Within the scope of these models, eight types and four sub-types of the revision of the constitution are differentiated. The parliamentary model is characterized by the decisive role of parliament with certain variations (five types) of this model. In the referendum model, the citizen’s expression is the primary characteristic. Constitutional changes cannot be made and no possibility of annulment of the results of the referendum can be determined without the consent of the citizens. The parliamentary-referendum is specific for approximately same importance of the decision of the parliament and the citizens, as none of these entities can independently decide on the changes. However, this model also has certain variations (types). The uni-personal model implies constitutional legal systems in which the changes of the constitution are decided by a uni-personal authority. The mixed model is particularly specific because of the possibility of making decisions by different bodies, independently. In addition, the paper provides an overview of the basic constitutional mechanisms of restricting and preventing the constitution change, such as a) the complexity of the procedure, b) the limitation of the initiation and submission of proposals, c) the quorum and the majority, d) the eternity clauses. In addition, the paper provides an overview of the basic constitutional mechanisms of restricting and preventing the constitution change, such as a) the complexity of the procedure, b) the limitation of the initiation and submission of proposals, c) the quorum and the majority, d) the eternity clauses.
The article gives a short review of local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, specifically in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbian Republic and the Brčko District of Bosnia and ...Herzegovina. The emphasis was on constitutional position of local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, organization and jurisdiction of local governments and the legal instruments for the protection of rights on local self-government. The author deals with specific attributes of local self-government system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the role and the importance of the local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina in creating a desirable living environment, as the level of government that is the closest to the citizens. Coherence of interests at local level, whose realization is under the jurisdiction of local self-governments units is pointed out as an advantage and a possible adequate response to the disparity of interests at the state level of government in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In conclusion, the author specifies certain preconditions to achievement of genuine local self-government.
The article gives a short review of local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, specifically in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbian Republic and the Brčko District of Bosnia and ...Herzegovina. The emphasis was on constitutional position of local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, organization and jurisdiction of local governments and the legal instruments for the protection of rights on local self-government. The author deals with specific attributes of local self-government system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the role and the importance of the local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina in creating a desirable living environment, as the level of government that is the closest to the citizens. Coherence of interests at local level, whose realization is under the jurisdiction of local self-governments units is pointed out as an advantage and a possible adequate response to the disparity of interests at the state level of government in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In conclusion, the author specifies certain preconditions to achievement of genuine local self-government.
The article gives a short review of local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, specifically in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbian Republic and the Brcko District of Bosnia and ...Herzegovina. The emphasis was on constitutional position of local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, organization and jurisdiction of local governments and the legal instruments for the protection of rights on local self-government. The author deals with specific attributes of local self-government system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the role and the importance of the local self-government in Bosnia and Herzegovina in creating a desirable living environment, as the level of government that is the closest to the citizens. Coherence of interests at local level, whose realization is under the jurisdiction of local self-governments units is pointed out as an advantage and a possible adequate response to the disparity of interests at the state level of government in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In conclusion, the author specifies certain preconditions to achievement of genuine local self-government.
Purpose: To report a rare occurrence of ocular dirofilariasis in Bosnia and Herzegovina and provide a short overview on clinical characteristics and treatment options for ocular dirofilariasis.
...Methods: A 75-year-old woman was admitted to the University Clinical Centre Tuzla with pain and redness in her left eye. A live, white, coiled, and active worm was noticed in subconjunctival space of bulbar conjunctiva.
Results: After successful surgical extraction, the parasite was identified as the adult form of Dirofilaria repens. There were no signs of intraocular or systemic inflammation.
Conclusion: Ophthalmologists should have in mind a possible infestation, especially in cases with repeated inflammatory reactions and swelling of the ocular region, which does not respond to conventional therapy.
PURPOSETo report a rare occurrence of ocular dirofilariasis in Bosnia and Herzegovina and provide a short overview on clinical characteristics and treatment options for ocular dirofilariasis. ...METHODSA 75-year-old woman was admitted to the University Clinical Centre Tuzla with pain and redness in her left eye. A live, white, coiled, and active worm was noticed in subconjunctival space of bulbar conjunctiva. RESULTSAfter successful surgical extraction, the parasite was identified as the adult form of Dirofilaria repens. There were no signs of intraocular or systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONOphthalmologists should have in mind a possible infestation, especially in cases with repeated inflammatory reactions and swelling of the ocular region, which does not respond to conventional therapy.
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