The Ryukyu trench-arc-back arc system is part of the subduction margins of the Philippine Sea plate. Previous studies have indicated that several geophysical and geological characteristics reveal ...significant variations (including convergent rate, topography, subducting slab angle etc.) along this subduction system. In addition, the strength of plate coupling and the potential of large earthquake occurrence in the Ryukyu subduction zone have been major subjects of debate for decades. To gain new insights into the spatial variations in the crustal structure and strength of plate coupling along the Ryukyu subduction zone, in the present study, based on three P-wave seismic velocity profiles, we construct density models for 2-D gravity modeling. Then, we estimate the mantle lithosphere buoyancy (H
m
) using these three density models to determine the strength of plate coupling between the subducting Philippine Sea plate and the overriding Eurasian plate, which could provide information for evaluating large earthquakes potential. 2-D gravity modeling results reveal that oceanic plateaus and/or submarine ridges with obviously less dense and thick oceanic crust are subducting in the northern and central parts of the Ryukyu Trench, which could increase the slab buoyancy in these regions. The H
m
results indicate that the strength of plate coupling is almost weak in the north and is relatively strong in the central Ryukyu subduction zone.
Cipangopaludina chinensis
is an economically important aquatic snail with high medicinal value. However, molecular biology research on
C. chinensis
is limited by the lack of a reference genome, so ...the analysis of its transcripts is an important step to study the regulatory genes of various substances in
C. chinensis
. Herein, we conducted the first full-length transcriptome analysis of
C. chinensis
using PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology. We identified a total of 26,312 unigenes with an average length of 2,572 bp, of which the largest number of zf-c2h2 transcription factor families (120,18.24%) were found, and also observed that the majority of the 8,058 SSRs contained 4-7 repeat units, which provided data for subsequent work on snail genetics Subsequently, 91.86% (24,169) of the genes were successfully annotated to the four major databases, while the highest homology was observed with
Pomacea canaliculata
. Functional annotation revealed that the majority of transcripts were enriched in metabolism, signal transduction and Immune-related pathways, and several candidate genes involved in drug metabolism and immune response were identified (e.g., CYP1A1, CYP2J, CYP2U1, GST, ,PIK3, PDE3A, PRKAG). This study lays a foundation for future molecular biology research and provides a reference for studying genes associated with the medicinal value of
C. chinensis
.
The study uses python software to crawl O-D big data on the freight information platform and construct a frequency matrix based on freight connections between cities, then forming a freight network. ...There are 31 cities in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river that form the subject of the research. The study adopts the methods of the node degree, community analysis, network motif analysis, and multielement regression analysis to assess the differences of the spatio-temporal evolution and factors influencing the freight network in 2014 and 2018. The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) the freight network has experienced a change in pattern from “island” to “radial,” and the tightness of the freight network is strengthened. (2) The circulation accumulation of elements causes the change of node degree to have a high tendency of agglomeration of capital and central cities. (3) The phenomenon of “enclave freight” and “freight union” exists in the inner-city group, but the “freight alliance” formed by the “enclave” is relatively loose. (4) With the increase in the scale of the freight network, the module characteristics are gradually simplified. (5) Science and technology run through the entire process of the formation and development of the urban freight network.
Time series prediction is a challenging predictive modeling case. It is essential to have a prediction model that can adapt to dynamic data. Air quality data show a significant changing degree of ...spatial and temporal data. Therefore, the updated deep learning model is suitable for this case. In this paper, monitoring and analysis of air quality with dynamic training using recurrent neural network (RNN) are proposed to provide the model remains up-to-date as new data comes. In the experiments, by adjusting the model, the accuracy is enhanced. The scheduling retrained model is provided based on the expected mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value. First, the machine learning architecture environment is being prepared. Secondly, the RNN parameters were optimized for excellent level predictive precision. Third, set and test the scheduling and MAPE value based on the MAPE’s expected value for the automatic retraining model. Finally, on the interactive map, the output is presented using R and Shiny to visualize the RNN training results.
Taking advantage of the strong charge interactions between negatively charged graphene oxide (GO) sheets and positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), self-assembled ...multilayer films of (GO/PDDA)
were created on hydroxylated silicon substrates by alternating electrostatic adsorption of GO and PDDA. The formation and structure of the films were analyzed by means of water contact angle measurement, thickness measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Meanwhile, tribological behaviors in micro- and macro- scale were investigated by AFM and a ball-on-plate tribometer, respectively. The results showed that (GO/PDDA)
multilayer films exhibited excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear abilities in both micro- and macro-scale, which was ascribed to the special structure in (GO/PDDA)
multilayer films, namely, a well-stacked GO-GO layered structure and an elastic 3D crystal stack in whole. Such a film structure is suitable for design molecular lubricants for MEMS and other microdevices.
Based on the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, we conducted this umbrella review aiming at evaluating the quality of evidence, validity and biases of the relationship between vitamin C ...(VC) intake and incidence and outcomes of multiple cancers. We identified 22 cancer outcomes within 3,562 articles. VC consumption was associated with lower incidence of bladder cancer, breast cancer, cervical tumors, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, glioma, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, and total cancer occurrence. VC intake was also related to decreased risk of breast cancer prognosis (recurrence, cancer-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality).
Background:
Macleaya cordata (Willd.) (Papaveraceae)
is listed as a feed additive in animal production by the European Food Authority.
Methods:
The metabolites of chelerythrine in rats were measured
...in vitro and in vivo
by rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/QqTOF-MS). The structures of CHE metabolites were elucidated by comparing their changes in accurate molecular masses and fragment ions with those of parent ion or metabolite. The metabolic enzymes that were involved in chelerythrine reduction were investigated using an inhibition method. The tissue distribution of chelerythrine and the effects on NQO1 following intragastric administration with
M. cordata
extracts in rats were examined.
Results:
A total of twelve metabolites of chelerythrine were characterized by this approach in rat liver S9 and
in vivo
. The reduction of the iminium bond of chelerythrine and subsequent O-demethylation was the main metabolic pathway of chelerythrine in rat liver S9 while the reduction of the iminium bond of chelerythrine was the main metabolic pathway of chelerythrine in rats
in vivo
. After the rats were given intragastric administration, the low concentration residues of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in different rat tissues were found at 48 h after the last dose, suggesting that both compounds could be widely distributed in tissues. The results also indicated that XO, NQO1, NQO2, and carbonyl reductase are involved in chelerythrine reduction.
Macleaya cordata
extracts treated female and male rats, respectively, showed different responses, inhibiting NQO1 activity in males, but inducing NQO1 activity in females. Chelerythrine had a weak impact on NQO1 activity, but sanguinarine inhibited NQO1 activity
Conclusion:
Through studying the effects of cytosolic reductase inhibitors on chelerythrine reduction and the impact of chelerythrine and sanguinarine on the activity of NQO1
in vitro
and
in vivo
, we clarified the potential drug interaction of
Macleaya cordata
extract in clinical application, so as to provide theoretical guidance for clinically safe medication. In addition, it provided a reference basis for the metabolic mechanism of chelerythrinein rats.
is an important economic value snail species with high medicinal value. The gut microbes of aquatic animals plays a vital role in food digestion and nutrient absorption. Herein, we aimed at ...high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA to further investigate whether there were differences in the composition and function of gut microbes of adult and juvenile
snails, as well as sediments. This study found that the microbial diversity of the sediment was significantly higher than that of the snails gut (
< 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the gut flora of adult and juvenile snails (
> 0.05). A total of 47 phyla and 644 genera were identified from all samples. Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were the two dominant phyla in all samples, and overall relative abundances was 48.2% and 14.2%, respectively. Moreover, the relative abundances of
and
in the gut of juvenile snails (30.8%, 11.8%) were higher than those of adults (27.7%, 10.6%) at the genus level (
> 0.05). Then, four indicator genera were found, namely
,
,
and
, and they abundance in the gut of juvenile snails was significantly higher than that of adults (
< 0.05). This results imply the potential development of
as a bait for juvenile snail openings. We observed that
was the primary biomarker of the snail gut and sediments (
< 0.001), and it may be a cellulose-degrading bacteria. Function prediction revealed significantly better biochemical function in the snail gut than sediments (
< 0.001), but no significant differences in adult and juvenile snail (
> 0.05). In conclusion, studies show that the snail gut and sediment microbial composition differ, but the two were very similar. The microbial composition of the snail gut was relatively stable and has similar biological functions. These findings provide valuable information for in-depth understanding of the relationship between snails and environmental microorganisms.
PDF
