Abstract
Background
Vestibular migraine (VM) is one of the most common underdiagnosed disorders. We aimed to study the clinical characteristics of VM patients who were referred to a ...neurology-headache unit by otolaryngology after exclusion of peripheral causes of vertigo.
Methods
One hundred and one patients diagnosed with VM in the headache unit were included. Description of vestibular symptoms, demographic and clinical features, trigger factors, accompanying diseases, and response to vestibular-suppressant medications and prophylactic migraine treatment were evaluated.
Results
Vestibular symptoms were triggered by daily head and body movements and mainly consisted of brief attacks lasting seconds (60.4% of patients) although the total duration of the vestibular episode lasted hours or days. Other aggravating factors were moving visual stimuli, passive motion, and visually busy environments. Visually induced vestibular symptoms were defined by 71.3% of the patients, and positional motion-induced vestibular symptoms were described by 82.2% of the patients. Vestibular symptoms were mainly defined as feeling the ground slipping from under their feet (40.6%), feeling like there is an earthquake or swaying (27.7%), sensation of rocking on a boat (26.7%), and sensation as if stepping on empty space (24.8%). The majority of the patients (83.2%) previously used vestibular-suppressant drugs, and these drugs were effective temporarily only in 12.9%.
Conclusions
Chronic recurrent dizziness symptoms, rather than internal or external vertigo, are predominant in our VM patients. Recurrent brief dizziness attacks induced upon routine visual and/or postural motion, longstanding symptoms with limited response to vestibular suppressants, and precipitation by typical migraine triggers are suggestive of VM.
Background
We aimed to evaluate anxiety among children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and their mothers related to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Methods
A total of 45 patients with CF and their mothers were ...enrolled in the study together with 90 age‐matched healthy children and their mothers as a control group. The State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was administered by teleconference with children aged 13 to 18 years old and their mothers. The STAI for children was administered with children aged 9 to 12 years. Results were compared with age‐matched healthy children and their mothers. The relationship between anxiety scores of children with CF and their mothers was evaluated by comparing with clinical data of children with CF. At the conclusion of the teleconference, mothers were asked whether their anxiety had changed as a result of the interview.
Results
It was found that healthy children aged 13 to 18 years had higher state anxiety scores than age‐matched children with CF. Mothers of children with CF had higher trait anxiety scores, especially those of children aged 0 to 12 years, than mothers of healthy children (P < .05). For mothers of children with CF, state anxiety scores were higher among those whose children had chronic Pseudomonas infection (P < .05). Most mothers of children with CF stated that their anxiety decreased following the interview.
Conclusion
The COVID‐19 pandemic may increase anxiety among mothers of children with CF as well those with healthy children. However, COVID‐19 had no effect on the anxiety of children with CF. Informing parents of children with CF about COVID‐19 by teleconference may decrease anxiety.
Title. Burnout and its correlates among nursing staff: questionnaire survey
Aim. This paper is a report of a study to determine the burnout level and its correlates in nurses.
Background. ...Healthcare providers and especially nurses are generally considered a high risk group regarding work stress and burnout and this syndrome has been a major concern in the field of occupational health.
Method. The study was carried out at a university hospital in Turkey during May–June 2005. A total of 418 nurses from the 474 working at the hospital at the time (88·2%) answered a self‐administered questionnaire including the Maslach Burnout Inventory.
Findings. All the nurses were female, with a mean age of 30·6 (5·4) and a median age of 29 years. The mean score was 17·99(6·35) for the Emotional Exhaustion subscale, 5·72 (3·87) for the Depersonalization subscale and 19·83 (4·66) for the Personal Accomplishment subscale. Emotional Exhaustion decreased with increasing age (P < 0·05). Total time in the job, weekly working hours, shift‐working and the unit where employed influenced burnout scores (P < 0·05). Not being happy with relations with superiors, not finding the job suitable, feeling anxious about the future, perceived poor health, problems with personal life and financial difficulties were also factors influencing burnout scale scores (P < 0·05).
Conclusion. It is necessary to consider nurses having the characteristics shown as the correlates of burnout in this study as a target group, to screen periodically the burnout status and improve their working conditions, especially relationships with colleagues.
ABSTRACT
The pediatric population is composed of persons under 16 years of age, and few studies are available on the dermatological diseases of this group. In the present study, data on a total of ...6300 pediatric patients admitted between the years 2004–2006 were analyzed. Hospital‐based patient registry records were used for data collection. The data were analyzed according to age, sex and time of admittance. A female preponderance (53%) was observed, and adolescents (12–16 years old) constituted the largest group within the patient population (47.6%). A total of 125 dermatoses were recorded. Acne vulgaris was the most prevalent dermatosis (12.4%), followed by atopic dermatitis (11.8%), contact dermatitis (11.3%), warts (9.5%), seborrheic dermatitis (4.3%) and impetigo (4.1%). Atopic dermatitis was the most frequently seen dermatosis in both infants and preschool‐age children, whereas contact dermatitis was more prevalent in school‐age children, and acne vulgaris was more prevalent in the adolescent group. The frequencies of some diseases showed seasonal variations. Acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, xerosis and alopecia areata were more common in winter. In contrast, insect bites, vitiligo, dyshidrotic eczema, impetigo and tinea corporis were more common in summer. Studies of the pediatric population, which constitutes the cornerstone of the community, can play an important role in determining the policies of protective medicine and public health. New studies will help us to better understand the frequency of dermatological diseases in the pediatric population according to age, gender and season, and take precautions with regard to these conditions.
Aim. This paper reports a study to determine the sharp and needlestick injury incidence in nurses working at a university hospital and the contributing factors.
Background. Although it is generally ...felt that working in the healthcare sector is clean and without risk, healthcare staff and especially physicians and nurses who generally work very long hours are actually exposed to various occupational risks. Sharps and needlestick injuries are important problems for healthcare workers as they increase the risk of spread of infection.
Method. A self‐administered questionnaire was completed in October 2005 by 449 of the 516 nurses working at a Turkish hospital (response rate 87·0%).
Results. The percentage of nurses experiencing a sharp or needlestick injury during their professional life was 79·7%. The incidence of exposure to sharp or needlestick injury in the last year was 68·4%. The factors increasing the rate of sharp and needlestick injury were: age 24 years and less, ≤4 years of nursing experience, working in surgical or intensive care units and working for more than 8 hours per day (P < 0·05).
Conclusion. The findings indicate which groups of staff should be targeted for educational programmes. Consideration also needs to be given to the unwanted effects of working long shifts, where tiredness may contribute to the number of needlestick injuries.
Objectives To update the normal stretched penile length values for children younger than 5 years of age. We also evaluated the association between penile length and anthropometric measures such as ...body weight, height, and body mass index. Methods The study was performed as a cross-section study. The stretched penile lengths of 1040 white uncircumcised male infants and children 0 to 5 years of age were measured, and the mean length for each age group and the rate of increase in penile length were calculated. The correlation between penile length and weight, height, and body mass index of the children was determined by Pearson analysis. Results The stretched penile length was 3.65 ± 0.27 cm in full-term newborns (n = 165) and 3.95 ± 0.35 cm in children 1 to 3 months old (n = 112), 4.26 ± 0.40 cm in those 3.1 to 6 months old (n = 130), 4.65 ± 0.47 cm in those 6.1 to 12 months old (n = 148), 4.82 ± 0.44 cm in those 12.1 to 24 months old (n = 135), 5.15 ± 0.46 cm in those 24.1 to 36 months old (n = 120), 5.58 ± 0.47 cm in those 36.1 to 48 months old (n = 117), and 6.02 ± 0.50 cm in those 48.1 to 60 months old (n = 113). The fastest rate of increase in penile length was seen in the first 6 months of age, with a value of 1 mm/mo. A significant correlation was found between penile length and the weight, height, and body mass index of the boys ( r = 0.881, r = 0.864, and r = 0.173, respectively; P = 0.001). Conclusions The age-related values of penile length must be known to be able to determine abnormal penile sizes and to monitor treatment of underlying diseases. Our study has provided updated reference values for penile lengths for Turkish and other white boys aged 0 to 5 years.
Summary
Aim
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of crizotinib on visceral organs in an experimental rat model.
Methods
Eighteen Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: ...experimental toxicity was induced with crizotinib (10 mg/kg) administered for 28 days (Group 1), 42 days (Group 2) orally by gavage. Control group received only distilled water. Rats in Group 1 and Group 2 were sacrificed after the collection of blood and tissue samples on the 28th and 42nd days, respectively.
Results
Subjects in Group 1 and Group 2 had abnormal histology mainly in lung and liver. There were intraalveolar hemorrhage in lungs; mild portal inflammation, perivenular focal and confluent necrosis in liver; inflammatory reaction in renal pelvis and periureteral areas, and focal pancreatitis in pancreas.
Conclusion
This study is the first to evaluate the histopathological features of toxicity of crizotinib in a rat model.
The geriatric population is continuously growing, which leads to more aged patients being admitted to dermatology clinics. The aim of this study is to determine the dermatological complaints of the ...elderly attending a dermatology outpatient clinic. All of the patients aged 65 years and older admitted to our dermatology outpatient clinic over a 1-year period were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their ages as group I (65-74 years) and group II (≥75 years). The patients were asked about their dermatologic complaints. A total of 240 geriatric patients attended to the dermatology outpatient clinic over a 1-year period. Overall, the five most frequent dermatologic complaints of the patients were eczematous dermatitis (21.7%), pruritus (19.6%), fungal infections (16.7%), precancerous and malignant lesions (9.6%), and bacterial infections (7.1%). The most frequent types of eczematous dermatitis were asteatotic eczema (26.9%), neurodermatitis (26.9%), and stasis dermatitis (17.3%). Among fungal infections, the most frequent was tinea pedis (62.5%), followed by onychomycosis (32.5%) and tinea versicolor (5.0%). The most common precancerous lesion was actinic keratosis (78.3%). Bacterial infections encountered were pyoderma (58.8%), cellulitis (23.5%), and erythrasma (17.6%). Most of the skin problems in the elderly are preventable or treatable, so proper skin care and treatment of skin diseases should be emphasized in general health care for the elderly.
Erythrasma is a superficial skin infection caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum . Interdigital erythrasma is the most common form and is easily confused with tinea pedis. The aim of this study was ...to determine the prevalence of interdigital erythrasma in patients with clinically suspected tinea pedis.
This study was performed between January 1, 2011, and January 31, 2012. It included 182 patients who presented with concerns about interdigital lesions. All of the patients were examined with a Wood's lamp, and smears were stained with Gram's method. Direct examination with 20% potassium hydroxide was performed.
Of 182 patients with interdigital lesions, 73 (40.1%) were diagnosed as having erythrasma. The mean ± SD age of the patients with erythrasma was 45.52 ± 10.83 years (range, 22-70 years). Most of the patients with erythrasma were women (56.2%). The most often clinical finding was desquamation. Using only Wood's lamp examination or Gram's staining resulted in 31 (42.5%) or 14 (19.2%) positive patients, respectively. Using Wood's lamp examination and Gram's staining concurrently resulted in 28 positive patients (38.4%).
Interdigital erythrasma is a common condition and can be difficult to differentiate from tinea pedis. Simple and rapid diagnosis can be made with Wood's lamp examination, but Gram's staining is also a useful method, especially in patients with negative Wood's lamp examination findings.
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