Arenaviridae synthesize viral mRNAs using short capped primers presumably acquired from cellular transcripts by a 'cap-snatching' mechanism. Here, we report the crystal structure and functional ...characterization of the N-terminal 196 residues (NL1) of the L protein from the prototypic arenavirus: lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The NL1 domain is able to bind and cleave RNA. The 2.13 Å resolution crystal structure of NL1 reveals a type II endonuclease α/β architecture similar to the N-terminal end of the influenza virus PA protein. Superimposition of both structures, mutagenesis and reverse genetics studies reveal a unique spatial arrangement of key active site residues related to the PD…(D/E)XK type II endonuclease signature sequence. We show that this endonuclease domain is conserved and active across the virus families Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae and Orthomyxoviridae and propose that the arenavirus NL1 domain is the Arenaviridae cap-snatching endonuclease.
We consider the location of paper watermarks in documents that present problems such as variable paper thickness, stain and other damage. Earlier work has shown success in exploiting a computational ...model of backlit image acquisition – here we enhance this approach by incorporating knowledge of surface verso features. Robustly removing recto features using established techniques, we present a registration approach that permits similarly robust removal of verso, leaving only features attributable to watermark, folds, chain lines and inconsistencies of paper manufacture. Experimental results illustrate the success of the approach.
The theory of generalized Bessel functions is reformulated within the framework of an operational formalism using the multiplier representation of the Lie group T3as suggested by Miller. This point ...of view provides more efficient tools which allow the derivation of generating functions of generalized Bessel functions. A few special cases of interest are also discussed. KCI Citation Count: 0
Objective: To determine frequency of correct placement of nasogastric /orogastric tube on POCUS in pediatric critical care unit patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional. Setting: High ...Dependency Unit and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Indus Hospital Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: November 2022 to April 2023. Methods: Patients of age 1 months to 15 years of age requiring NGT placement were enrolled into the study. Patients with nasal surgery, fracture of skull base/ face, bleeding, coagulopathy, esophageal varices, stricture, upper gastrointestinal surgery were excluded from this study. NG tube was passed by principal investigator after evaluating correct size and length measurement. After passing the NG tube, gastric aspiration and gastric auscultation were also performed by principal investigator. Results: In this study we enrolled 147children with median age of patient was 3 (IQR=0.75-07) years. Majority of patient in our study were male (63.9%). Gastric aspiration and gastric auscultation was seen in all of the study patients. Based on POCUS, frequency of correct placement of nasogastric tube in children admitted in PICU was 83%. Sensitivity of POCUS against gastric aspiration and gastric auscultation was 82.5% with 100% positive predictive value (PPV). Specificity was unable compute as there was no negative finding in reference standard and hence there was also no false positive case. Conclusion: POCUS seems to be helpful and could help with the placement of NGT in paediatric clinical settings. Nevertheless, NGT envision in the stomach was difficult, and if the operator is not skilled or there is abdominal distention, it may go unnoticed.
On Extended Hurwitz-Lerch Zeta Function Mohannad Jamal Said Shahwan; Maged Gumman Bin-Saad; Mohammed Ahmed Pathan
Kyungpook mathematical journal,
2023, Letnik:
63, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This paper investigates an extended form Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function, as well as related integral images, ordinary and fractional derivatives, and series expansions, using the term extended beta ...function. We establish a connection between the extended Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function and the Laguerre polynomials. Furthermore, we present a probability distribution application of the extended Hurwitz-Lerch zeta function ζ , ,λ. Several results, both known and new, are shown to follow as special cases of our findings.
The amount of information has risen considerably since the beginning of the electronic era. Meanwhile, the relationships between various types of information have become more and more complex. On the ...other hand, the growing number of users have encouraged researchers to take an advantage of this information and develop techniques which analyze the experiences of customers to accommodate their requirements and satisfy their needs. Since the birth of the term "e-government", the amount of structured and unstructured information has increased dramatically, which has forced all government entities worldwide to provide many call centers with long working hours that may reach to 24/7 in some entities to answer users' questions related government services, regardless of the time wasted by the clients while waiting to get in touch with the agent. In fact, UAE government is not an exception. As far as Dubai government is concerned, some entities have taken a step forward by introducing their own chatbot technology to respond to customer inquiries. However, the challenges fraught with the chatbot development in general in addition to the challenges associated with the Arabic language in particular, made it extremely difficult to design a unified chatbot that is capable to respond to all services provided by Dubai government especially when dealing with the Arabic language. In this study, a novel approach is proposed to extract an Arabic language knowledge base from a previously built ontology for more than 500 services provided by the Dubai government in order to use the extracted knowledge base into a chatbot application through Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML) files. The current ontology is an enhancement which builds on a previously created ontology. Furthermore, a chatbot response algorithm is proposed to respond to government services queries through a hybrid of three different approaches that were executed in a pipeline fashion based on the query complexity. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm has been proven through executing multiple experimental tests for the same set of questions (414 questions) that were performed on the ontology earlier, then it has been compared with the ontology itself and the formal chatbot that has been designed by Smart Dubai Government (Rashid) chatbot. High Accuracy score has been achieved by the proposed algorithm that reached 96% with Recall of 100% and Precision of 96% as well. These results confirmed that the performance of the proposed algorithm could outperform both a previously developed chatbot-based on ontology and Rashid chatbot as well.
The purpose of this narrative study was to understand the stress that teachers in secondary schools were exposed to and how they lived with this stress on a daily basis.In this study, 5 secondary ...school teachers were interviewed; the stress they experienced and how they coped are shared along with their classroom experiences and relationships with students, colleagues and senior management. Their narratives revealed the impact teacher stress has had on their lives. As the nature of this study was to present how these teachers felt, a qualitative approach to gather data through interviews was presented in narrative form to ensure authenticity. The sampling strategy I applied was that teachers be from London secondary schools with at least ten years of teaching experience i.e., purposive sampling. In the telling of their stories, personal and detailed narratives of teachers’ teaching lives were shared in great detail exposing the daily teaching they faced. The findings from the study participants revealed that alongside teacher workload, feelings of isolation, depersonalization; Isolation and lack of support, Health issues caused by stress and Fear of being labelled as weak teachers are the main reasons for stress. Exercise, resorting to medication, smoking and praying were also shared as a form of coping, but all believed that stress had become a part of teaching nowadays.The implications of this study reveal that regardless of what coping strategy teachers applied; forms of coping were seen as being unsuccessful resulting in them suffering from prolonged forms of stress. This indicates a need for further research in understanding why such stress is viewed as a daily part of teaching.The narratives provided by the teachers indicated a clear imbalance of power and authority leading to an uncomfortable school climate in secondary schools. These are indications that policy makers should address the various roles a teacher is expected to undertake and enable the relevant support and training for teachers who are stressed. All participants in this research believed the stigma involved in accepting stress at work is a factor that policy makers in the field of education need to address.
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