Jean Renoir's 1937 film La Grande Illusion is set during the First World War, but its themes of Franco-German conflict, divided loyalties in a time of war and the rise of anti-Semitism made ...it compelling and controversial viewing. Julian Jackson traces the film's historical context and its reception history.
This article uses the writings of the famous resister-turned-historian Daniel Cordier as a prism through which to examine how witnesses and historians have approached the history of the French ...Resistance since 1945. Cordier, having served as Jean Moulin's secretary in the war, later became his biographer. His neopositivist approach prioritized the use of written archives over memories. Since Cordier himself later wrote his own memoirs, the article examines the problems with this autobiographical text. Examining Cordier's reticence about discussing his own homosexuality, it suggests that between the lines of his memoir one can envisage the possibility one day of writing an emotional history of the Resistance.
Cet article prend les écrits du célèbre résistant-historien Daniel Cordier comme un prisme pour analyser comment témoins et historiens ont abordé l'histoire de la Résistance depuis 1945. Ayant servi comme secrétaire à Jean Moulin pendant la guerre, Cordier devient trente ans après son biographe, prônant une démarche résolument néo-positiviste qui privilégie les archives écrites sur les témoignages. Ensuite Cordier lui-même livre son propre témoignage dans son livre
. Examinant quelques problèmes soulevés par ce texte autobiographique, dont la réticence de Cordier à aborder le sujet de sa propre homosexualité, on perçoit entre les lignes de ses mémoires des pistes pour une future histoire émotionnelle (et sexuelle) de la Résistance.
Abstract
This article uses the writings of the famous resister-turned-historian Daniel Cordier as a prism through which to examine how witnesses and historians have approached the history of the ...French Resistance since 1945. Cordier, having served as Jean Moulin's secretary in the war, later became his biographer. His neopositivist approach prioritized the use of written archives over memories. Since Cordier himself later wrote his own memoirs, the article examines the problems with this autobiographical text. Examining Cordier's reticence about discussing his own homosexuality, it suggests that between the lines of his memoir one can envisage the possibility one day of writing an emotional history of the Resistance.
Cet article prend les écrits du célèbre résistant-historien Daniel Cordier comme un prisme pour analyser comment témoins et historiens ont abordé l'histoire de la Résistance depuis 1945. Ayant servi comme secrétaire à Jean Moulin pendant la guerre, Cordier devient trente ans après son biographe, prônant une démarche résolument néo-positiviste qui privilégie les archives écrites sur les témoignages. Ensuite Cordier lui-même livre son propre témoignage dans son livre Alias Caracalla. Examinant quelques problèmes soulevés par ce texte autobiographique, dont la réticence de Cordier à aborder le sujet de sa propre homosexualité, on perçoit entre les lignes de ses mémoires des pistes pour une future histoire émotionnelle (et sexuelle) de la Résistance.
This new book by Julian Jackson, a leading historian of twentieth-century France, charts the breathtakingly rapid events that led to the defeat and surrender of one of the key Allied powers, setting ...in motion the traumatic years of the Occupation, the Vichy regime, and the rapid escalation of World War Two.
Working with genetic resources and associated data requires greater attention since the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) came into force in October 2014. Biologists must ensure ...that they have legal clarity in how they can and cannot use the genetic resources on which they carry out research. Not only must they work within the spirit in the Convention on Biological Diversity (https://www.cbd.int/convention/articles/default.shtml?a=cbd-02) but also they may have regulatory requirements to meet. Although the Nagoya Protocol was negotiated and agreed globally, it is the responsibility of each country that ratifies it to introduce their individual implementing procedures and practices. Many countries in Europe, such as the UK, have chosen not to put access controls in place at this time, but others already have laws enacted providing ABS measures under the Convention on Biological Diversity or specifically to implement the Nagoya Protocol. Access legislation is in place in many countries and information on this can be found at the ABS Clearing House (https://absch.cbd.int/). For example, Brazil, although not a Party to the Nagoya Protocol at the time of writing, has Law 13.123 which entered into force on 17 November 2015, regulated by Decree 8.772 which was published on 11 May 2016. In this case, export of Brazilian genetic resources is not allowed unless the collector is registered in the National System for Genetic Heritage and Associated Traditional Knowledge Management (SisGen). The process entails that a foreign scientist must first of all be registered working with someone in Brazil and have authorization to collect. The enactment of European Union Regulation po. 511/2014 implements Nagoya Protocol elements that govern compliance measures for users and offers the opportunity to demonstrate due diligence in sourcing their organisms by selecting from holdings of 'registered collections'. The UK has introduced a Statutory Instrument that puts in place enforcement measures within the UK to implement this European Union Regulation; this is regulated by Regulatory Delivery, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategies. Scientific communities, including the private sector, individual institutions and organizations, have begun to design policy and best practices for compliance. Microbiologists and culture collections alike need to be aware of the legislation of the source country of the materials they use and put in place best practices for compliance; such best practice has been drafted by the Microbial Resource Research Infrastructure, and other research communities such as the Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities, the Global Genome Biodiversity Network and the International Organisation for Biological Control have published best practice and/or codes of conduct to ensure legitimate exchange and use of genetic resources.
Jean Renoir's masterpiece La Grande Illusion (1937) tells the story of two French prisoners of war escaping through Germany towards France during World War I. Its themes of divided class, racial and ...national loyalties and the conflict between patriotism and pacifism made it a controversial film on its release on the eve of World War II. Goebbels, who had once declared the film 'Cinematic Public Enemy Number 1', ordered the prints to be confiscated during the Nazi Occupation of France. Julian Jackson's compelling study places the film in the context of Renoir's involvement with the left-wing Popular Front, which was split between supporters of an anti-Fascist war and believers in peace at all costs. Jackson highlights the film's ambiguity in its treatnebt of patriotism and pacifism and argues that it is suspended between two historical moments - the Popular Front of the 1930s and the Vichy regime of the 1940s. He traces the film's history after its release - it was banned during the 'phoney war' for its pacifist undertones; banned by the Nazis for being too patriotic; disliked by the Resistance for portraying the Germans too sympathetically and for its treatment of anti-Semitism. Jackson discusses the unforgettable performances of Jean Gabin as the working-class Lieutentant Maréchal, Pierre Fresnay as the aristocratic Captain de Boëldieu, Erich von Stroheim as the upper-class Captain von Rauffenstein and Marcel Dalio as the French Jew Rosenthal. He analyses Renoir's highly individual filming style and explores his conception of cinematic 'realism'. Finally, he offers his own answer to the mystery of the film's title: what was the great illusion?JULIAN JACKSON is Professor of Modern History at Queen Mary, University of London. His publications include The Popular Front in France: Defending Democracy 1934-1938 (1988), France: The Dark Years 1940-1944 (2001) and The Fall of France (2003), which was the joint winner of the 2004 Wolfson Prize for history. He is a fellow of the British Academy and Commandeur dans l'Ordre des Palmes Academiques.
The Mystery of May 1968 Jackson, Julian
French Historical Studies,
10/2010, Letnik:
33, Številka:
4
Journal Article, Book Review
Recenzirano
Jackson reviews several books including The Imaginary Revolution: Parisian Students and Workers in 1968 by Michael Seidman, May '68 and Its Afterlives by Kristin Ross and From Revolution to Ethics: ...May 1968 and Contemporary French Thought by Julian Bourg.
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