BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a very common tumor worldwide. Its mortality can be limited by early diagnosis through screening programs. These programs are based on fecal occult blood testing ...and colonoscopy. Our objective was to find a model based on the determination of blood biomarkers that was efficacious enough to become part of the early diagnosis of CRC. MethodsIn a total of 221 patients who underwent a colonoscopy, two types of markers were identified (I) classic: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19.9, α-fetoprotein, CA125, CA72.4, and ferritin; and (II) experimental: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG), calprotectin, and cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61). We divided the patients into four groups according to colonoscopy results: a control group (n=83) with normal colonoscopy, a polyp group (n=56), a CRC group (n=45), and an inflammatory disease group (n=37). We built an algorithm based on multivariate logistic regression analysis. ResultsA total of 51.6% were males, and the median age was 63 years. We designed an algorithm based on the combination of several markers that discriminated CRC patients from the rest of the patients with a performance of 94%, a sensitivity of 95.6%, and a specificity of 80.6%. Discriminating by sex also resulted in two powerful algorithms, although it performed better in males (97% vs. 91%). ConclusionsOur study has devised a predictive model with high efficacy based on the determination of several biomarkers. We think that it could be incorporated into the set of methods used in CRC screening.
Adherence to the gluten-free diet (GFD) is critical to achieving symptom control and mucosal healing in celiac disease (CeD), but its assessment is difficult.
We sought to compare stool gluten ...immunogenic peptides (GIPs) measurements over a 4-wk period with conventional tools commonly used to monitor compliance with a GFD.
Consecutive adult patients with CeD attending the Small Bowel Section of the Buenos Aires Gastroenterology Hospital were invited to this observational study and were instructed to collect stool samples on Fridays for 4 consecutive weeks. Weekly mean stool GIP concentration was measured was estimated. GIP results were compared with a self-assessment scale of adherence, specific CeD serology, the celiac symptom index, and the assessment by an expert dietitian.
Fifty-three CeD patients were enrolled and those with stool GIP ≥0.65 μg/g/wk (n = 13; 24.5%) had higher serum concentrations of IgA deamidated gliadin peptides (DGPs) antibodies 69 (29-109) compared with 14 (13-29); P = 0.0005 and IgA tissue transglutaminase 42 (14-200) compared with 10 (7-16); P = 0.02, higher proportion of cases with IgA DGP antibodies >20 AU/mL (84.6% compared with 33.3%; P = 0.002), and a higher self-estimated adherence score 5 (4-9) compared with 9 (7-10); P = 0.003. GIP did not correlate with celiac symptom index scores (55.6% compared with 30.8%; P = 0.9). Expert dietitian assessment identified 69% odds ratio (OR): 5.25; 95% CI: 1.1-27.2; P = 0.01 of nonadherent cases when high stool GIP. Logistic regression analysis determined that IgA DGP (adjusted OR: 1.1; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11; P = 0.02) and males (adjusted OR: 28.3; 95% CI: 1.1-722.6; P = 0.04) were independently associated with excessive gluten exposure.
Weekly stool GIP identifies gluten exposure that is not always detected by commonly used GFD adherence assessment methods. The higher the concentration of stool GIP, the better the predictive value of serology and dietitian interviews. Stool GIP is a useful and practical test for GFD monitoring, particularly for risky gluten exposure in real-life scenarios.
Background: The immigrant populations from sub-Saharan
and Maghreb countries are groups in high risk of contracting
tuberculosis. An analysis is made of the prevalence of tuberculosis
infection among ...one group of these immigrants in
Ceuta for the purpose of finding possible differences in their incidental
behavior according to the country or geographical region
from which they came.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of a sample
of 2,223 immigrants (1979 males and 244 females) from different
African countries (mainly Nigeria, Mali, Guinea-Bissau,
Cameroon, Ghana, Sierra Leona, Democratic Republic of Congo
and Liberia) at the Calamocarro refugee camp in Ceuta. A
Mantoux intradermic reaction test was performed following the
previously-established protocol, the data for three cut-off
points being presented.
Results: The immigrants came from 36 African countries,
89.0% being males and 11.0% females (p < 0.001), respectively
averaging in age from 24.9 ± 4.3 to 23.4 ± 4.1. A reaction
to the Mantoux text of 10 mm or more was found in 32.6%, that
is 33.2% among males and 27.9% among females (p = 0.09).
Solely 1.1% showing 5-10 mm hardening of probable vaccination-
related cause. By geographical regions, the highest rates
were found among immigrants from the Democratic Republic
of Congo (65.1%) and Cameroon (48.4%), followed far behind
by Nigeria (34.0%), Liberia (32.7%), Mauritania (29.1%), Sierra
Leona (28.8%), Ivory Coast (27.8%), Guinea-Bissau
(27.4%), Ghana (26.3%), Algeria (25.6%), Mali (24.1%) and
the Republic of Guinea (20.9%) (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions: The immigrant population from central African
countries shows a higher prevalence of tuberculosis infection,
comprising a group at risk of contracting this disease.
Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to implement specific
programs to actively detect tuberculosis infection during
their stay in our city, taking advantage of their being grouped
together upon entry into our country, prior to their final emigration
to localities throughout the mainland and subsequent mixing
among the host country population.
Fundamento: La tuberculosis es la enfermedad infecciosa
más extendida en el mundo. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron
conocer la prevalencia de infección tuberculosa en los inmigrantes
que durante 1998 estuvieron en el campamento de
Calamocarro en Ceuta y analizar si existen diferencias según
país o región geográfica de procedencia.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal sobre la población
total de inmigrantes en el campamento de Calamocarro en
1998. Se practicó la intradermorreacc ión según la técnica de
Mantoux según protocolo ya establecido, a los 2.223 inmigrantes
(1979 varones y 244 mujeres) procedentes de distintos países
africanos (Nigeria, Mali, Guinea Bissau, Camerún, Ghana,
Sierra Leona, Rep Dem Congo, y Liberia, principalmente) en el
campamento de refugiados de Calamocarro de Ceuta. Los resultados
se presentan para tres puntos de corte de la induración:
<5mm; entre 5 y 10mm; e igual o superior a 10mm.
Resultados: Los inmigrantes procedían de 36 países africanos,
el 89,0% eran varones y el 11,0% mujeres (p < 0,001) con
una edad media de 24,9 ± 4,3 y 23,4 ± 4,1 años respectivamente.
El 32,6% presentaron una respuesta al test de Mantoux igual o superior
a 10 mm, 33,2% en varones y 27,9% en mujeres (p = 0,09).
Sólo hubo un 1,1% con induración 5-10 mm de probable origen
vacunal. Por zonas geográficas, las tasas más altas se presentaron
en inmigrantes procedentes de la República Democrática del Congo
(65,1%) y de Camerún (48,4%), seguidos a distancia por Nigeria
(34,0%), Liberia (32,7%), Mauritania (29,1%), Sierra Leona
(28,8%), Costa de Marfil (27,8%), Guinea Bissau (27,4%), Ghana
(26,3%), Argelia (25,6%), Mali (24,1%) y R.Guinea (20,9%)
(p<0,0001).
Conclusiones: La población inmigrante procedente de países
centroafricanos presenta una alta prevalencia de infección
tuberculosa, constituyendo un grupo de riesgo de padecer la enfermedad.
Por tanto, es fundamental la implantación de programas
específicos de búsqueda activa de infección tuberculosa
durante su estancia en nuestra ciudad, aprovechando su concentración
a la entrada en nuestro país, antes de su emigración
definitiva a localidades peninsulares y posterior dilución demográfica
en la población de acogida.
Severe hypercholesterolaemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor. Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Given the high prevalence of ...hypercholesterolaemia in Andalusia, the development of a screening strategy for its detection in Primary Care may be an efficient measure.
To identify patients in Primary Care with severe hypercholesterolaemia that may increase their cardiovascular risk by reviewing LDL-cholesterol results in computerised laboratory systems.
Observational, retrospective, multi-centre study in 16 hospitals in Andalusia and Ceuta. Anonymous analytical data were acquired from the different laboratory computer systems for the year 2018, and exclusively from Macarena Hospital for the year 2019.
From a total of 1,969,035 determinations on≥18 years old, 2,791 patients (0.14%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol>250mg/dl and from a total of 2.327.211 determinations studied in children under 18 years old, 3,804 patients (0.16%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol>135mg/dL. The highest incidence of possible genetic hypercholesterolaemia in adults corresponded to the province of Seville with 23.6 cases/1,000 determinations, while in minors, the highest incidence corresponded to the province of Cadiz with 75 possible cases/1,000 determinations. A geographical triangle of greater prevalence is observed between the provinces of Seville, Huelva and Cadiz.
The development of a screening strategy using a computerised review of LDL-cholesterol in Primary Care detects a large number of subjects with severe hypercholesterolaemia that could benefit from an early intervention.
Severe hypercholesterolaemia is a major cardiovascular risk factor. Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Given the high prevalence of ...hypercholesterolaemia in Andalusia, the development of a screening strategy for its detection in Primary Care may be an efficient measure.
To identify patients in Primary Care with severe hypercholesterolaemia that may increase their cardiovascular risk by reviewing LDL-cholesterol results in computerised laboratory systems.
Observational, retrospective, multi-centre study in 16 hospitals in Andalusia and Ceuta. Anonymous analytical data were acquired from the different laboratory computer systems for the year 2018, and exclusively from Macarena Hospital for the year 2019.
From a total of 1,969,035 determinations on ≥18 years old, 2791 patients (0.14%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol >250 mg/dl and from a total of 2.327.211 determinations studied in children under 18 years old, 3804 patients (0.16%) were detected with LDL-cholesterol >135 mg/dl. The highest incidence of possible genetic hypercholesterolaemia in adults corresponded to the province of Seville with 23.6 cases/1000 determinations, while in minors, the highest incidence corresponded to the province of Cadiz with 75 possible cases/1000 determinations. A geographical triangle of greater prevalence is observed between the provinces of Seville, Huelva and Cadiz.
The development of a screening strategy using a computerised review of LDL-cholesterol in Primary Care detects a large number of subjects with severe hypercholesterolaemia that could benefit from an early intervention.
La hipercolesterolemia severa es un importante factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Su detección precoz y tratamiento puede reducir la incidencia de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Dada la alta prevalencia de hipercolesterolemia en Andalucía, el desarrollo de una estrategia oportunista para su detección en atención primaria puede ser una medida eficiente.
Identificar pacientes en atención primaria con hipercolesterolemias severas que puedan incrementar su riesgo cardiovascular mediante una consulta del colesterol- LDL al sistema informático de laboratorio.
Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, multicéntrico, en 16 hospitales de Andalucía y Ceuta. Se adquirieron datos analíticos anonimizados de los diferentes sistemas informáticos de laboratorio del año 2018 y exclusivamente del Hospital Virgen Macarena para el año 2019.
De un total de 1.969.035 determinaciones ≥ 18 años se detectaron 2.791 pacientes (0,14%) con colesterol-LDL > 250 mg/dl, y en menores de 18 años, sobre un total de 2.327.211 determinaciones estudiadas, se detectaron 3.804 pacientes (0,16%) con colesterol-LDL > 135 mg/dl. La mayor incidencia de posibles hipercolesterolemias genéticas en adultos correspondió a la provincia Sevilla con 23,6 casos/1.000 determinaciones, mientras que en menores la mayor incidencia correspondió a la provincia de Cádiz, con 75 posibles casos/1.000 determinaciones. Se observa un triángulo geográfico de mayor prevalencia entre las provincias de Sevilla, Huelva y Cádiz.
El desarrollo de una estrategia oportunista mediante consulta informática del colesterol-LDL en atención primaria detecta un gran número de sujetos con hipercolesterolemias severas que se podrían beneficiar de una intervención precoz.
Fundamento: La tuberculosis es la enfermedad infecciosa más extendida en el mundo. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron conocer la prevalencia de infección tuberculosa en los inmigrantes que durante ...1998 estuvieron en el campamento de Calamocarro en Ceuta y analizar si existen diferencias según país o región geográfica de procedencia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal sobre la población total de inmigrantes en el campamento de Calamocarro en 1998. Se practicó la intradermorreacc ión según la técnica de Mantoux según protocolo ya establecido, a los 2.223 inmigrantes (1979 varones y 244 mujeres) procedentes de distintos países africanos (Nigeria, Mali, Guinea Bissau, Camerún, Ghana, Sierra Leona, Rep Dem Congo, y Liberia, principalmente) en el campamento de refugiados de Calamocarro de Ceuta. Los resultados se presentan para tres puntos de corte de la induración: <5mm; entre 5 y 10mm; e igual o superior a 10mm. Resultados: Los inmigrantes procedían de 36 países africanos, el 89,0% eran varones y el 11,0% mujeres (p < 0,001) con una edad media de 24,9 ± 4,3 y 23,4 ± 4,1 años respectivamente. El 32,6% presentaron una respuesta al test de Mantoux igual o superior a 10 mm, 33,2% en varones y 27,9% en mujeres (p = 0,09). Sólo hubo un 1,1% con induración 5-10 mm de probable origen vacunal. Por zonas geográficas, las tasas más altas se presentaron en inmigrantes procedentes de la República Democrática del Congo (65,1%) y de Camerún (48,4%), seguidos a distancia por Nigeria (34,0%), Liberia (32,7%), Mauritania (29,1%), Sierra Leona (28,8%), Costa de Marfil (27,8%), Guinea Bissau (27,4%), Ghana (26,3%), Argelia (25,6%), Mali (24,1%) y R.Guinea (20,9%) (p<0,0001). Conclusiones: La población inmigrante procedente de países centroafricanos presenta una alta prevalencia de infección tuberculosa, constituyendo un grupo de riesgo de padecer la enfermedad. Por tanto, es fundamental la implantación de programas específicos de búsqueda activa de infección tuberculosa durante su estancia en nuestra ciudad, aprovechando su concentración a la entrada en nuestro país, antes de su emigración definitiva a localidades peninsulares y posterior dilución demográfica en la población de acogida.
The aphid Chaetosiphon fragaefolii Cockerell, 1901 is an agricultural pest and known vector of strawberry viruses. To better understand its biology and systematics, we performed a genomic analysis on ...C. fragaefolii collected from Quinalt strawberry plants from Pacific Grove, Monterey county, California, USA using Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing. The resulting data were used to assemble the aphids complete mitogenome. The mitogenome of C. fragaefolii is 16,108 bp in length and contains 2 rRNA, 13 protein-coding, and 22 tRNA genes (GenBank accession number LC590896). The mitogenome is similar in content and organization to other Aphididae. Phylogenetic analysis of the C. fragaefolii mitogenome resolved it in a fully supported clade in the tribe Macrosiphini. Analysis of the cox1 barcode sequence of C. fragaefolii from California found exact and nearly identical sequences to C. fragaefolii and Chaetosiphon thomasi Hille Ris Lambers, 1953, suggesting the two species are conspecific.
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