We provide a sufficient condition for the uniqueness in distribution of Gibbs point processes with non-negative pairwise interaction, together with convergent expansions of the log-Laplace ...functional, factorial moment densities and factorial cumulant densities (correlation functions and truncated correlation functions). The criterion is a continuum version of a convergence condition by Fernández and Procacci (2007), the proof is based on the Kirkwood-Salsburg integral equations and is close in spirit to the approach by Bissacot, Fernández, and Procacci (2010). In addition, we provide formulas for cumulants of double stochastic integrals with respect to Poisson random measures (not compensated) in terms of multigraphs and pairs of partitions, explaining how to go from cluster expansions to some diagrammatic expansions (Peccati and Taqqu, 2011). We also discuss relations with generating functions for trees, branching processes, Boolean percolation and the random connection model. The presentation is self-contained and requires no preliminary knowledge of cluster expansions.
In an effort to ensure energy independence and exploit mineral resources, the governments of Amazonian countries are embarking on a major dam building drive on the basin’s rivers, with 191 dams ...finished and a further 246 planned or under construction. This rush to harvest the basin’s vast renewable energy capacity has come without proper consideration of the likely negative environmental externalities on the world’s most speciose freshwater and terrestrial biotas. Here we highlight the economic drivers for hydropower development and review the literature to summarise the impacts of dam building on Amazonian biodiversity. We identify both direct and indirect impacts through the anticipated loss, fragmentation and degradation of riparian habitats. We then propose a series of measures to assess, curb and mitigate the impacts of destructive dams on Amazonian biodiversity.
Sociology has long shied away from the problem of populism. This may be due to suspicion about the concept or uncertainly about how to fit populist cases into broader comparative matrices. Such ...caution is warranted: the existing interdisciplinary literature has been plagued by conceptual confusion and disagreement. But given the recent resurgence of populist politics in Latin America and elsewhere, sociology can no longer afford to sidestep such analytical challenges. This article moves toward a political sociology of populism by identifying past theoretical deficiencies and proposing a new, practice-based approach that is not beholden to pejorative common sense understandings. This approach conceptualizes populism as a mode of political practice—as populist mobilization. Its utility is demonstrated through an application to mid-twentieth-century Latin American politics. The article concludes by sketching an agenda for future research on populist mobilization in Latin America and beyond.
We consider a mixture of non-overlapping rods of different lengths
ℓ
k
moving in
R
or
Z
. Our main result are necessary and sufficient convergence criteria for the expansion of the pressure in terms ...of the activities
z
k
and the densities
ρ
k
. This provides an explicit example against which to test known cluster expansion criteria, and illustrates that for non-negative interactions, the virial expansion can converge in a domain much larger than the activity expansion. In addition, we give explicit formulas that generalize the well-known relation between non-overlapping rods and labelled rooted trees. We also prove that for certain choices of the activities, the system can undergo a condensation transition akin to that of the zero-range process. The key tool is a fixed point equation for the pressure.
The author argues that the COVID‐19 pandemic caused members of the medical education community to reflect on their role and their norms, resulting in tensions between personal identity and ...organizational expectations.
It is often assumed that interventions aimed at supporting students’ self-regulated learning (SRL) are effective for improving achievement because these interventions support SRL activity. In this ...study, meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) was used to test whether SRL activity indeed mediates the effect of SRL interventions on achievement in higher education. Contrary to popular belief, the results only provide evidence for partial mediation. Furthermore, three separate meta-analyses were performed to investigate the role of possible moderators of the relations between: (1) SRL interventions and achievement, (2) SRL interventions and SRL activity, and (3) SRL activity and achievement. Although SRL interventions were effective in improving SRL activity and achievement, most of the study, measurement, and intervention moderators did not explain significant variance of the investigated effect sizes. Other factors, such as task motivation and time on task, potentially influence the effectiveness of SRL interventions. Practical, theoretical and methodological implications are provided.
•We review the effect of self-regulated learning (SRL) interventions on achievement.•SRL interventions are successful in improving achievement.•SRL activity only partially mediates the effect of SRL interventions on achievement.•Moderator analyses exploring variance in effectiveness were mostly insignificant.•Practitioners are advised to support learners' self-regulated learning.
The combination of covalent and non‐covalent synthesis is omnipresent in nature and potentially enables access to new materials. Yet, the fundamental principles that govern such a synthesis are ...barely understood. Here, we demonstrate how even simple reaction mixtures behave surprisingly complex when covalent reactions are coupled to self‐assembly processes. Specifically, we study the reaction behavior of a system in which the in situ formation of discotic benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamide (BTA) monomers is linked to an intertwined non‐covalent reaction network including self‐assembly into helical BTA polymers. This system shows an unexpected phase‐separation behavior in which an interplay of reactant/product concentrations, side‐products and solvent purity determines the system composition. We envision that these insights can bring us one step closer to how to design the synthesis of systems in a combined covalent/non‐covalent fashion.
A combination of covalent and non‐covalent synthesis steps is promising to construct synthetic supramolecular systems. Yet, the fundamental principles that guide such an approach are barely understood. Here, the reaction behavior of in situ formed supramolecular polymers is studied, in which covalent reactions are intertwined with a non‐covalent reaction network leading to an unexpected phase‐separation behavior that determines the system composition.
The number of students engaged in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is increasing rapidly. Due to the autonomy of students in this type of education, students in MOOCs are required to regulate ...their learning to a greater extent than students in traditional, face-to-face education. However, there is no questionnaire available suited for this online context that measures all aspects of self-regulated learning (SRL). In this study, such a questionnaire is developed based on existing SRL questionnaires. This is the self-regulated online learning questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on the first dataset led to a set of scales differing from those theoretically defined beforehand. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on a second dataset to compare the fit of the theoretical model and the exploratively obtained model. The exploratively obtained model provided much better fit to the data than the theoretical model. All models under investigation provided better fit when excluding the task strategies scale and when merging the scales measuring metacognitive activities. From the results of the EFA and the CFA it can be concluded that further development of the questionnaire is necessary.
The membrane protein ANKH was known to prevent pathological mineralization of joints and was thought to export pyrophosphate (PPi) from cells. This did not explain, however, the presence of ANKH in ...tissues, such as brain, blood vessels and muscle. We now report that in cultured cells ANKH exports ATP, rather than PPi, and, unexpectedly, also citrate as a prominent metabolite. The extracellular ATP is rapidly converted into PPi, explaining the role of ANKH in preventing ankylosis. Mice lacking functional Ank (Ankank/ank mice) had plasma citrate concentrations that were 65% lower than those detected in wild type control animals. Consequently, citrate excretion via the urine was substantially reduced in Ankank/ank mice. Citrate was even undetectable in the urine of a human patient lacking functional ANKH. The hydroxyapatite of Ankank/ank mice contained dramatically reduced levels of both, citrate and PPi and displayed diminished strength. Our results show that ANKH is a critical contributor to extracellular citrate and PPi homeostasis and profoundly affects bone matrix composition and, consequently, bone quality.
Residential satisfaction is an important component of individual well-being. The literature has shown that residential satisfaction is influenced by personal characteristics and aspects of the ...dwelling (environment). However, even more important may be the level of agreement between what one has and what one wants. The current study examines the occurrence of a mismatch for eight dwelling aspects and its impact on residential satisfaction. For the numerical dwelling aspects, the respondents were divided into three categories: mismatch (prefers more space), match and mismatch (prefers less space). Interestingly, the latter respondents generally had the highest mean residential satisfaction. Thus, a mismatch in itself does not necessarily reduce residential satisfaction. Regression analyses showed that residential satisfaction is predicted by personal characteristics, dwelling aspects and mismatch variables. In conclusion, this study provides some evidence that residential satisfaction decreases if what one has does not correspond with what one would like.
•A mismatch occurs most frequently for the liveliness of the neighbourhood.•A mismatch occurs least frequently for tenure.•Mismatches for design and liveliness neighbourhood are related to lower satisfaction.•Wanting a larger living room (mismatch) is related to lower satisfaction.•Wanting less rooms and less “property value” is related to higher satisfaction.
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