The performance of the CMS Level-1 Trigger for supersymmetric events at an LHC luminosity of 2 x 1033 cm-2s-1 is reviewed. Energy and momentum trigger thresholds have been chosen to yield a maximum ...Level-1 output rate of 50 kHz, within a safety factor of three. The Level-1 trigger efficiencies for the majority of the channels studied are found to be greater than 90%, which provides a good basis for the High-Level Trigger, where more stringent conditions are applied. Reasons for occasional lower efficiencies are given.
Using the full data set of the NA48/2 experiment, the decay K±→π±e+e−γ is observed for the first time, selecting 120 candidates with 7.3±1.7 estimated background events. With K±→π±πD0 as ...normalisation channel, the branching ratio is determined in a model-independent way to be Br(K±→π±e+e−γ,meeγ>260 MeV/c2)=(1.19±0.12stat±0.04syst)×10−8. This measured value and the spectrum of the e+e−γ invariant mass allow a comparison with predictions of chiral perturbation theory.
Site-directed mutagenesis has been used to replace Tyr-88 at the dimer interface of the N-terminal domain of lambda repressor with cysteine. Computer model building had suggested that this ...substitution would allow formation of an intersubunit disulfide without disruption of the dimer structure Pabo, C. O., & Suchanek, E. G. (1986) Biochemistry (preceding paper in this issue). We find that the Cys-88 protein forms a disulfide-bonded dimer that is very stable to reduction by dithiothreitol and has increased operator DNA binding activity. The covalent Cys88-Cys88' dimer is also considerably more stable than the wild-type protein to thermal denaturation or urea denaturation. As a control, Tyr-85 was replaced with cysteine. A Cys85-Cys85' disulfide cannot form without disrupting the wild-type structure, and we find that this disulfide bond reduces the DNA binding activity and stability of the N-terminal domain.
Summary
Overweight and obesity are increasing worldwide. In general practice, different approaches exist to treat people with weight problems. To provide the foundation for the development of a ...structured clinical pathway for overweight and obesity management in primary care, we performed a systematic overview of international evidence‐based guidelines. We searched in PubMed and major guideline databases for all guidelines published in World Health Organization (WHO) “Stratum A” nations that dealt with adults with overweight or obesity. Nineteen guidelines including 711 relevant recommendations were identified. Most of them concluded that a multidisciplinary team should treat overweight and obesity as a chronic disease. Body mass index (BMI) should be used as a routine measure for diagnosis, and weight‐related complications should be taken into account. A multifactorial, comprehensive lifestyle programme that includes reduced calorie intake, increased physical activity, and measures to support behavioural change for at least 6 to 12 months is recommended. After weight reduction, long‐term measures for weight maintenance are necessary. Bariatric surgery can be offered to people with a BMI greater than or equal to 35 kg/m2 when all non‐surgical interventions have failed. In conclusion, there was considerable agreement in international, evidence‐based guidelines on how multidisciplinary management of overweight and obesity in primary care should be performed.
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