Čim višja stopnja inkluzivnosti izobraževalnega sistema je cilj, h kateremu stremimo na vseh vzgojno-izobraževalnih ravneh. Inkluzivnost se nanaša na tiste posameznike in skupine, ki so bili skozi ...zgodovino večkrat izključeni, zaradi odstopanja od pričakovanih norm razvoja pa so bili pogosto tudi stigmatizirani. V članku so predstavljene glavne teoretske opredelitve koncepta inkluzije in sodobne sistemske rešitve vključevanja oseb s posebnimi potrebami v izobraževanje. Osredotočamo se na podobnosti in razlike med izobraževanjem oseb s posebnimi potrebami na različnih ravneh izobraževanja. Zanima nas, ali se identificirane prepreke na poti k inkluzivnosti šolskega sistema prenašajo z nižjih na višje ravni vzgojno-izobraževalnega sistema in kako to vpliva na inkluzivno naravnanost učnih skupnosti. Izhajamo iz analize relevantnih zakonodajnih dokumentov, spletnih strani, teoretske literature in sekundarnih virov o vključevanju oseb s posebnimi potrebami v sistem izobraževanja v Sloveniji. Ugotavljamo, da to, kar velja za izobraževalni sistem na douniverzitetni ravni, v veliki meri velja tudi za terciarno izobraževanje. Bolj kot inkluzivno se na vseh ravneh izobraževanja odraža integracijsko razumevanje vključevanja oseb s posebnimi potrebami. To hkrati pomeni odmik od širšega razumevanja inkluzije kot temelja za vzpostavljanje bolj inkluzivno naravnane učne skupnosti.
The highest possible level of inclusion and justice are the primary goals of most contemporary education systems, including vocational education and training. The Index for Inclusion, which was ...developed two decades ago, defines inclusion on three levels, i.e. policy, culture and practice, and provides a methodological framework for measuring the inclusive orientation of schools. This paper raises the question of whether the selected Index for Inclusion indicators can be used to also measure different dimensions of justice, which is defined as a multidimensional concept. The just redistribution of basic goods is complemented by recognition, representation and relationality. A study with the aim to determine the multidimensionality of the implementation of inclusivity in Vocational Education and Training institutions using statistical analysis was carried out. An online questionnaire was created and completed by 427 education professionals (head teachers, teachers and school counsellors) employed in vocational education and training. The dimensionality of the measured constructs was checked using a set of 28 variables with factor analysis, i.e. the Maximum Likelihood method and Varimax rotation. It was found that the statements that had been formulated on the basis of the Index for Inclusion can also be used to measure different dimensions of justice. The final version of the questionnaire (modified questionnaire), which contains a set of twenty items, adequately measures the redistribution and recognition aspects of justice, whereas the representation and relational aspects have proven to be two-dimensional concepts. A modified questionnaire could be a suitable starting point both for the self-evaluation of schools and a general measurement of inclusion in terms of justice.
Oddelek za pedagogiko in andragogiko Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani vsako leto konec januarja organizira Pedagoško-andragoške dneve (PAD), ki so namenjeni srečanju diplomantov pedagogike ...in andragogike. Tema 35. srečanja z naslovom Migracije in izobraževanje je bila močno vpeta v aktualno družbeno dogajanje.
The article examines the image of youth participating in vocational education and training in Slovenia, and discusses the importance of that image in understanding the role of mentors in practical ...training. We begin by examining the image of youth as a group and then proceed to the image of vocational school students. The image of youth both as a group and as the subgroup of students in vocational education seems to split in several directions. On the one hand, young people are seen as the rescuers of problems of the so-called Western society, while on the other hand they are understood as the problem and viewed as disinterested, narcissistic and egoistic, an image further extended, in the case of students enrolled in vocational education, to describe them as incompetent, undisciplined, lacking manners, having low motivation and lacking responsibility. Students in vocational schools are significantly different from their peers when it comes to academic success and this difference can be interpreted as a consequence of the students’ environment. The present system of vocational education does not minimize the discussed difference, but instead actually reproduces and deepens it.
The article discusses results of a study that evaluated university students’ competencies related to inclusive education. The study aimed to find out how prospective school counselors, who were ...familiar with theories on inclusion as an educational concept and had some relevant field experience, analyzed and reflected upon inclusion-related, real-life situations. The authors also aimed to establish any differences in views and explanations depending on students’ average grades and whether students have experience working in inclusive settings. A questionnaire was developed that consisted of seven questions related to independent variables (e.g., average grade, experience with working in inclusive settings) and six open-ended questions related to a real-life situation. The results indicate that most students understand at least the basic elements of the broader definition of inclusion and can provide some ideas for improvement of practice. Interestingly, students’ grades do not seem to be a decisive factor, but field experience does play a role in students’ competencies related to inclusive education.
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