(CoxZn1–x)TiNb2O8 (x = 0.2–0.8) microwave dielectric ceramics were synthesized via the conventional solid‐state reaction route, and the correlation of microwave dielectric properties on the crystal ...structure was discussed. Crystal structures of ceramic samples were systematically investigated by X‐ray powder diffraction. Moreover, composition‐induced phase transitions were confirmed via the following sequence: for x ≤ 0.2, single‐phase orthorhombic ixiolite (ZnTiNb2O8) was formed, whereas for 0.3 ≤ x<0.8, ixiolite and rutile coexisted. When x ≥ 0.8, only single‐phase rutile was detected. For the (CoxZn1–x)TiNb2O8 ceramics, the microwave dielectric properties were changed with the crystal structural transitions: the dielectric constant (εr) and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) increased upon increasing the Co2+, but the quality factor (Q) decreased. A near‐zero τf = +1.6 ppm/°C was obtained in the Co0.38Zn0.62TiNb2O8 ceramics with εr = 40.7 and high Q × f = 16 790 GHz. These research outcomes are expected to have great significance for developing microwave dielectric ceramics in practical applications.
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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is easily observed in chronic liver disease, which often causes accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER, leading to unfolded protein ...response (UPR). Regulating protein degradation is an integral part of UPR to relieve ER stress. The major protein degradation system includes the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. All three arms of UPR triggered in response to ER stress can regulate UPS and autophagy. Accumulated misfolded proteins could activate these arms, and then generate various transcription factors to regulate the expression of UPS-related and autophagy-related genes. The protein degradation process regulated by UPR has great significance in many chronic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). In most instances, the degradation of excessive proteins protects cells with ER stress survival from apoptosis. According to the specific functions of protein degradation in chronic liver disease, choosing to promote or inhibit this process is promising as a potential method for treating chronic liver disease.
The passivation of perovskite interfacial defects by the electron transport layer (ETL) has emerged as an effective strategy for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). ...Dithieno2,3‐d:2′,3′‐d′thieno3,2‐b:3′,2′‐b′dipyrrole (DTPT)‐based acceptor‐donor‐acceptor (A–D–A) molecules composed of coplanar heteroacene as electron‐donating core end‐capped with various electron‐accepting moieties are designed and examined as ETL modifiers for PSCs. Employing PCBM:DTPTCY as the ETL results in passivation perovskite defects, facilitation energy alignment at the ETL/perovskite interface, and enhancement of carrier transport efficiency. The optimized blended ETL‐based Cs0.18FA0.82Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 p‐i‐n PSC exhibit performances of 37.2% and 39.9% under TL84 and 3000K LED (1000 lux), respectively. The DTPTCY‐based device demonstrates remarkable stability, retaining 87% of its initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after 30 days of storage in a 40% relative humidity (RH) ambient air environment without any encapsulation, surpassing the control device, which retains only 67% of its original PCE. These findings underscore the potential of A–D–A‐type molecule‐based interface modification to enhance passivation and contact properties, ultimately leading to high‐efficiency and stable PSCs.
Remarkable results are attained in indoor Perovskite Solar Cells, achieving an impressive efficiency of 39.9% (3000K LED (1000 lux)) through the application of an A–D–A‐type molecule for defect passivation within the electron transport layer.
This article is dedicated to providing a detailed review concerning the SPH-based hydrodynamic simulations for ocean energy devices (OEDs). Attention is particularly focused on three topics that are ...tightly related to the concerning field, covering (1) SPH-based numerical fluid tanks, (2) multi-physics SPH techniques towards simulating OEDs, and finally (3) computational efficiency and capacity. In addition, the striking challenges of the SPH method with respect to simulating OEDs are elaborated, and the future prospects of the SPH method for the concerning topics are also provided.
Royal jelly is a nutritious food that has beneficial effects to human health. However, the functional substances remain unclear. Herein, we fractioned the royal jelly proteins of Xinjing black bees ...according to the Osboren method. Two main proteins from the ethanol‐soluble fraction were purified and identified. RJG‐1 was determined as glucosylceramidase, and RJG‐2 was major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1). RJG‐1 showed potent cytotoxicity toward various mammalian cells, and caused quick disruption of cell membranes. With glucosylceramidase activity, RJG‐1 may degrade the glucosylceramide of the cell membranes and disrupt the membrane structure, thereby resulting in cell necrosis. This study extends our knowledge about the composition and function of royal jelly, and is significant for the application of royal jelly.
Abstract
In order to address the scarcity of C-Cr-V-Mo steel samples, a zero-shot transfer component analysis (TCA) based on multi-source is proposed. TCA maps the features of multiple sources ...composed of different kinds of wear-resistant steels and target domain to the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS). And the proposed fitness parameter
α
derived from the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) allows multiple sources to affect the prediction to varying degrees. The support vector regression (SVR) model, established after TCA, can then predict the hardness without homologous samples. The matrix is rapidly predicted by the minimum distance from the sample to the cluster centers of matrix. The (Cr+V)/C, V/Cr and predicted hardness are added to feature space and the abrasion loss of samples quenched at high temperature are predicted using these quenched at low temperature. Experiments show that the multi-source based TCA+SVR model improves the prediction accuracy of hardness of C-Cr-V-Mo steel with
R
of 0.98 and
MAE
less than 1.4HRC under zero-shot condition. The primary matrix is quickly identified as martensite. The abrasion loss is mostly effected by hardness, (Cr+V)/C and V/Cr, which is predicted with
R
of 0.95,
MAE
of 5.23 mg.
To study dietary pH effects on Lymantria dispar asiatica larvae and provide a theoretical basis for its control in different forests, phosphate buffers (PBs) of pH 6, 7, and 8 were used to prepare ...experimental diets. The diet prepared with pH 6 PB was named as DPB6, with pH 8 PB as DPB8, and with pH 7 PB as DPB7 (control). The dietary pH was 5.00 in DPB6, 6.05 in control, and 6.50 in DPB8. After feeding on the diets with different pH values for 84 hr, fourth‐instar caterpillars were randomly collected. Growth and various physiological traits were determined and 16S recombinant DNA sequencing was performed using the intestinal microflora of surviving larvae. Results showed that the mortality was 30% in DPB6, and 10% in DPB8, while no mortality was observed in control. The partial least squares discriminant analyses suggested that diets prepared with PB of different pH resulted in different food intake, amount of produced feces, weight gain, digestive enzyme activities, and antioxidant enzyme activities in larvae. Interestingly, both the highest weight gain and the lowest total antioxidant capacities were seen in control larvae. Results also showed that the larval gut microbiota community structure was significantly affected by dietary pH. Moreover, linear discriminant analysis effect size suggested that the family Acetobacteraceae in control, genus Prevotella in DPB8, and genus Lactococcus, family Flavobacteriaceae, family Mitochondria, and family Burkholderiaceae in DPB6 contributed to the diversity of the larval gut microbial community.
Variation in the pH of experimental diets affected the performance of Lymantria dispar asiatica larvae and its gut microbiota. The sentences in this figure showed the main results of the present study. Pies showed the gut microbial community composition at the phylum level. Cladogram was a visualization of linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis.
Research Highlights
1.
Study was aimed to examine dietary pH effects on Lymantria dispar asiatica larvae.
2.
Dietary pH affected larval appetite, digestion, weight gain, and antioxidation.
3.
Gut microbial community structure showed sensitivity to dietary pH.
Mindfulness-based interventions have previously been shown to have positive effects on psychological well-being. However, the time commitment, teacher shortage, and high cost of classic mindfulness ...interventions may have hindered efforts to spread the associated benefits to individuals in developing countries. Brief mindfulness meditation (BMM) has recently received attention as a way to disseminate the benefits of mindfulness-based interventions. Most existing BMM methods are adaptations of the classic approach. Few studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of BMM. We developed a 15-min BMM named JW2016, which is based on the core concepts of mindfulness, Anapanasati (breath meditation of Buddhist Vipassana), our practical experience, and the results of scientific reports on meditation. We investigated the effects of this BMM on mood and emotion processing in an effort to create an effective, convenient, safe, and standardized BMM method that could benefit individuals with limited time or money to devote to meditation. Forty-six healthy participants (aged 18–25 years) were randomly allocated to the BMM group (
n
= 23) or the emotional regulation education (ERE) control group (
n
= 23). Forty-two of the study participants cooperated fully in all measurements and interventions (one time daily for seven consecutive days). Mood was measured with the Centre for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale (CES-D) and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). Emotion processing was evaluated by assessing performance on an emotion intensity task, an emotional memory task, and an emotional dot-probe task. After intervention, the BMM group, but not the ERE group, showed a significant decreases in emotional intensity in response to positive as well as negative emotional stimuli, response time for emotional memory, and duration of attention bias toward negative emotional stimuli. Negative effects on mood state were found in the ERE group but not in the BMM group. This study demonstrated that BMM may improve aspects of emotion processing such as emotion intensity, emotional memory, and emotional attention bias. JW2016 BMM may be an effective, convenient, safe and standardized way to help practitioners remain focused and peaceful without any negative effect on emotion.
Biofilm poses a serious challenge for the treatment of bacterial infections, as it endows bacteria a pronounced resistance to traditional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered ...potential substitutes for antibiotics. Combinational use of AMPs with other compounds to exert antibiofilm effects has been proved to be an effective means to reduce their toxicity and maximize their antimicrobial activity. However, the combination of various AMPs with different action mechanisms is rarely investigated. A newly designed lytic AMP ZXR-2.3 combined with antibiofilm peptide IDR-1018 or KT2 was tested for the antibiofilm effect on mature
Streptococcus mutans
biofilms. In general, the combination of ZXR-2.3 + IDR-1018 displayed synergistic effect on both biofilm eradication and bacterial killing, while ZXR-2.3 + KT2 showed no obvious synergism. The confocal images of preformed
S. mutans
biofilms confirmed the effective bactericidal activity of ZXR-2.3 + IDR-1018. A tube system was applied to investigate the biofilm infection under a flow of medium and SEM images indicated the biofilm disruption and bacterial killing effects of ZXR-2.3 + IDR-1018. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that IDR-1018 induced dramatic changes in the mRNA expressions of the quorum sensing (QS) related genes
comC
,
comD
,
vicR
, and
vicK
of
S. mutans
in mature biofilms, whereas the other peptides and ciprofloxacin did not cause obvious changes in these genes. This might explain the better synergism of ZXR-2.3 and IDR-1018. The results of this study provide a potential application using the combination of different AMPs in the treatment of mature biofilm infection.
The transfer learning model improves accuracy by reducing the marginal and conditional probability distribution discrepancy between source and target domains. Based on the hypothesis of the ideal ...carbides of high-chromium high-vanadium steel, a mass fraction ratio written as (Cr + V)/C is deduced as vital feature to narrow the marginal probability distribution discrepancy. To align the conditional probability distribution of the source domain with the target domain, a few-shot guided transfer component analysis (TCA) method is proposed that a limited number of labeled samples taken from the target domain are used to guide the mapping. Then, the V/Cr combines with the optimal (Cr + V)/C is proposed to predict the composition of sample with the best wear resistance. Experimental results show that the proposed few-shot guided TCA method can considerably improve the prediction accuracy (R is higher than 0.99, RMSE is lower than 0.63HRC). The constructed (Cr + V)/C is the most critical feature. In addition, the predicted sample consisting of 2.1%C, 4%Cr, 4%V and 1.5%Mo has the best wear resistance with minimal abrasion weight loss in the test.
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•The proposed (Cr+V)/C is vital feature to predict the property.•The (Cr+V)/C and guided samples improve the alignment of probability distribution.•The few-shot guided TCA increases the value of R by 46% and reduce the RMSE by 91%.•Combining with V/Cr and optimal (Cr+V)/C ratios is effect to predict the component of sample with the best wear resistance.
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