Background. There are a great number of interventions in physiotherapy, but with little evidence of their effectiveness in chronic low back pain. Therefore, this study assesses effectiveness of ...Massage Therapy and Abdominal Hypopressive Gymnastics and the combination of both to decrease pain and lumbar disability while increasing joint mobility and quality of life in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Methods. A randomized, single-blinded, controlled, clinical trial with sample (n=27) was comprised of patients between 20 and 65 years, diagnosed with pain of mechanical origin characterized by having a duration of at least 12 weeks and no serious complications. Each group received 8 interventions of 30 minutes. Results. Friedman ANOVA test obtained statistically significant differences of Oswestry, NRS, and Schober variables (p<0.05) in the three measurements (pretest, posttest 1, and posttest 2), in each individual group. ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison between groups, and Oswestry Disability values were significantly higher (p=0.024) in the group receiving both treatments. Conclusion. Both individual groups reduce pain levels, improve disability, and increase the flexibility of the lumbar spine. The combination therapy provides greater benefits in terms of lumbar disability. This study is registered on March 8, 2016, with NCT02721914.
(1) Background: Rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy causes pain and functional limitation of the shoulder. Physical exercises are effective therapies but there is no consensus on which exercise programme ...is the most appropriate. Objective: To analyze and compare the effectiveness of different intervention modalities-based exclusively on physical exercise muscle-development programs to improve shoulder pain and function in RC tendinopathy. (2) Methods: Systematic review (PRISMA) through a search in PubMed, WOS, PEDro, Cinahl, Scopus and Dialnet. The PEDro Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias analyzed the methodological quality. A pre-established table collected data on: patients, interventions, outcome measures and results. A narrative synthesis of the results was conducted. (3) Results: eight articles were selected (Cochrane:
; PEDro: good quality). All assessed programs were effective. Only one study found statistically and clinically significant differences in favour of eccentric training. The exercises used were: eccentric/concentric/conventional, open/closed kinetic chain, with/without co-activation of glenohumeral muscle, with/without pain, and in clinic/at home. (4) Conclusions: All exercise programs were effective in RC tendinopathy, improving pain and shoulder function. No solid results were obtained when the interventions were compared due to their heterogeneity. Patients perception assessment tools were the most widely used. Amount of load applied should be considered.
Cellulite's aetiology: a review de la Casa Almeida, M.; Suarez Serrano, C.; Rebollo Roldán, J. ...
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,
03/2013, Letnik:
27, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Cellulite, highly prevalent among women, represents a serious problem for many of them, and one of their main aesthetic concerns. It is difficult to pinpoint its aetiology and ...physiology/pathophysiology, as there are many factors that are involved in it, affect it, and many processes that are taking place simultaneously and sequentially. Our objective is therefore, to review the scientific scholarship on cellulite to explore the causes of its origin. We carried out a preliminary search of the Medline, Cochrane, and Web of Knowledge databases covering the period from 1978 to April 2011. As there is no specific key word for the phenomenon at hand, we used the following descriptors: adipose tissue, subcutaneous fat, subcutaneous tissue, connective tissue, skin, skin disease and dermis. This resulted in a retrieval of 26 articles contributing to relevant information on the aetiology of cellulite. As a result of our first research, we concluded that cellulite is a physiological phenomenon or at least, that it has a physiological origin, which is characteristic of women, and multi‐causal, with the coexistence of a number of factors that trigger, perpetuate, or exacerbate it. The outstanding factors include, among others, connective tissue architecture, oestrogen action, microvascular alterations and certain genetic and hormonal characteristics. All of them provide us with future and novel clues to cellulite treatment, and is necessary to take some or all of these factors into account in developing an effective therapy. However, we are aware of the necessity of further investigation in this field.
Purpose: To estimate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT-Sv). Method: One hundred and seventy-one subjects participated. The psychometric ...properties tested for CAIT-Sv were internal consistency with Cronbach's α (n = 171) in the first measurement; test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC
2,1
) (n = 171) in two measurements separated by one week; criterion validity by ICC
2,1
between the original CAIT and CAIT-Sv in two measurements separated by two weeks for a subgroup of 54 bilingual subjects; ceiling and floor effects (n = 78 subjects with a history of at least one ankle sprain), and responsiveness using Cohen's d in a subgroup of 25 subjects with a history of at least one ankle sprain and a score ≤24 points on the CAIT-Sv and treated with a rehabilitation program during four weeks. Results: Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's α: 0.8-0.84). Test-retest reliability was high (ICC
2,1
: 0.95). Criterion validity was high (ICC
2,1
: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84-0.94; p < 0.001 for dominant ankle). There were no ceiling (9%) and floor (0%) effects. Responsiveness was moderate (Cohen's d: 0.6995; CI: 0.11-1.27). Conclusions: CAIT-Sv is a reliable instrument with high criterion validity to measure the presence and severity of chronic ankle instability (CAI) in the Spanish population.
Implications for Rehabilitation
Chronic ankle instability is the most prevalent complication after ankle injuries.
CAIT is a widely used tool for clinical detection of subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI).
In this study, CAIT-Sv has shown good phsychometric properties for using with Spanish speaking individuals.
Abstract Background Some motor impairments, such as decreased reaction of peroneal muscles, altered kinematic, or poor postural control, have been described in people with functional ankle ...instability. Evidence shows a possible relationship between fibular nerve impairments and functional ankle instability. Objective To investigate the electrophysiologic excitability of the common fibular nerve, as measured by Strength–Duration curves, in subjects with functional ankle instability compared with a control group without ankle impairment. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting University Research laboratory. Participants Fifty subjects with functional ankle instability (35 men, 15 women; ages 24.36 ± 5.01 years) and 63 uninjured control patients (44 men, 19 women; ages 22.67 ± 4.85 years) were recruited by convenience sampling. Interventions Not applicable. Main outcome measures Strength–Duration curves of the common fibular nerve were made in all participants. Rheobase, chronaxie, Bawen index, accommodation index, galvano-tetanic threshold, and intensity thresholds for different pulse durations were obtained and compared between the 2 groups. Results Subjects with functional ankle instability show increased values of chronaxie (0.58 ± 0.24 ms versus 0.47 ± 0.16 ms; P = .004), Bawen index (1.53 ± 0.24 versus 1.39 ± 0.21; P = .002), and intensity thresholds for pulse durations ≤2 ms both for rectangular and triangular pulse wave forms. The accommodation index was smaller in subjects with functional ankle instability than controls (3.7 ± 0.72 versus 4.05 ± 0.98; P = .036). The remaining parameters did not show significant differences between groups. Conclusions These findings suggest that subjects with functional ankle instability show a decreased excitability in their common fibular nerve when compared with subjects without ankle injuries.
Background ‘Hexsel, dal’Forno and Hexsel Cellulite Severity Scale’ (CSS) was developed to evaluate cellulite with an objective and easy to apply tool.
Objective Study CSS intra‐ and inter‐observer ...reliability in a Spanish female population by evaluating patients’ cellulite through photographs of their overall gluteofemoral zone as opposed to its creators who distinguished between buttocks and thigh.
Methods Cellulite Severity Scale was applied to 27 women, evaluating gluteofemoral cellulite, differentiating between left and right. Evaluations were made by three expert examiners each at three times with a 1‐week separation. Variables were the five CSS dimensions (number of evident depressions; depth of depressions; morphological appearance of skin surface alterations; grade of laxity, flaccidity, or sagging skin; and the Nürnberger and Müller classification scale), and the overall CSS score. Cronbach’s alpha, intra‐class correlation and item total correlation were analysed.
Results Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.951 (right) and 0.944 (left). In the intra‐observer reliability analysis, intra‐class correlation coefficient ranged from 0.993 to 0.999 (P < 0.001) and in the inter‐observer analysis were 0.937 (right) and 0.947 (left) (P < 0.001). Item total correlation showed all dimensions to be needed except grade of laxity, flaccidity or sagging skin (0.959 right; 0.955 left).
Conclusion Cellulite Severity Scale has excellent reliability and internal consistency when used to evaluate cellulite on the buttocks and back of the thighs considered together. Nevertheless, the dimension grade of laxity, flaccidity or sagging skin does not contribute positively to the final consistency of the scale. This dimension needs to be analysed in greater depth in future studies.
Background
Despite the existence of diverse instruments to assess cellulite, its high prevalence and the continuous advances in its treatment makes the development of new, more objective methods for ...evaluation necessary.
Aim
To study intraobserver validity and reliability (test–retest) of textural analysis using co‐occurrence matrices on photographic images in the evaluation of cellulite in a Spanish population and its possible relationship to the degree of cellulite.
Methods
Twenty‐seven women were selected for this reliability study (mean age 26.41 SD = 6.16). Digital photographs were taken under standardized conditions in contraction and relaxation of the femoral gluteus region. The areas of interest of the photographs were selected at two different times a month apart. Textural parameters studied were energy (ASM), entropy, contrast, Homogeneity (IDM) and textural correlation. Reliability was analysed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Differences between laterality and between contraction and relaxation were performed by analysis of variance for repeated measurements. Correlation between Cellulite Severity Scale (CSS) and the textural parameters by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient was studied. CSS was re‐coded to a binary variable, performing a differentiate analysis for each laterality with this variable and the textural parameters.
Results
In the intraobserver reliability analysis ICC was high (≥0.80) in seven parameters and excellent (≥0.90) in 35 parameters. In general, CSS and textural parameters showed more cellulite severity in right areas than in left ones. Correlation coefficients showed a moderate correlation between textural parameters and CSS score. The multivariate discriminant model obtained with textural parameters classified a high percentage of images (96% right side and 82% left side).
Conclusion
Textural analysis used to assess cellulite on the backs of thighs and buttocks proved to be an instrument that has excellent reliability, moderate correlation with CSS and a satisfactory power classification model.
Background
The emotional state of parents of babies with Down syndrome affects their babies' development and their parent–child bonding. The aim for this study was to conduct a pilot randomised ...controlled evaluation of the effect of infant massage on parents of babies with Down syndrome.
Methods
This pilot study compared two groups (intervention and control), each with 16 parents of babies with Down syndrome. Indices of acceptance, engagement and awareness of influence were measured at two different time points (pre‐test and after 5 weeks) using the ‘This Is My Baby’ Interview. The allocation of families to each group was randomised. The experimental group performed infant massage, applied by the parents, for 5 weeks, every day for at least 10 min. The massage protocol was based on the methodology created by Vimala McClure. Parents in the control group received the intervention after completion of the study.
Results
The indices of acceptance, commitment and awareness of influence improved in the experimental group and in the control group. The 2 × 2 mixed‐model analysis of variance indicates a statistically significant group‐by‐time interaction for all indices (P < 0.001), which was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group.
Conclusions
The application of infant massage, by parents to their babies, improves the rates of acceptance, commitment and awareness of influence of parents of babies with Down syndrome in the short term.
Background
Infant colic occurs between 10% and 40% of healthy born children in their first year of life. Its assessment is complex, and there are only a few instruments of appraisement and diagnosis.
...Methods
Scientific articles located through a systematic review using the Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, PEDro, Dialnet, IME and Dialnet databases. Two researchers obtained data independently from relevant studies previously identified. Risk of bias was assessed according to the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration, with reporting following the preferred reported items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses guidelines and evaluating their methodological quality based on the EMPRO scale.
Results
Four tools were obtained for valuation of infant colic. Parental diary of infant cry and fuss behaviour, Crying Pattern Questionnaire, Infant Colic Scale and, lastly, a validity of the Turkish version of the Infant Colic Scale.
Conclusions
Analysis of the existing tools involves the need to design and validate new assessment scales for this clinical frame.
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