The study of corruption as a violation of human rights has been growing since the adoption of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003, as exemplified by the adoption of the United ...Nations General Assembly political declaration regarding commitment to effectively prevent and combat corruption in 2021. Corruption has devastating impacts on human rights, but it has not yet been legally established as a violation of human rights. The current scholarship on corruption as a violation of human rights is heavily dominated by legal research; therefore, the state-of-the-art of this article is the combination of international relations and legal theory. This article analyses the work of the norm entrepreneur in transforming corruption as a violation of human rights from an emerging norm into a legal norm. The concept of international norm dynamics is utilized to assess the stage of norm development. Interactional legal theory is used as a guide to suggest that the norm entrepreneur focuses on the subsequent norm entrepreneurship based on the standard of legality. This article argues that the transformation of an emerging norm into a legal norm is possible; however, its feasibility depends on the continuous work of the norm entrepreneur to fulfil the standard of legality.
The establishment of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Community in 2015, marked a milestone of progressive regionalisation in the Southeast Asia region. The ASEAN Intergovernmental ...Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) and ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children (ACWC) were designated as pivotal organs to strengthen the realisation of the right to education as part of the rights guaranteed in the 'ASEAN Declaration of Human Rights'. The ASEAN Political-Security and Socio-Cultural communities recognise the importance of human rights. This research analyses the realisation of the right to education by the ASEAN member states. The Concluding Observations from international human rights monitoring organs are explored to describe the empirical situation of each member state. Subsequently, this article scrutinises the AICHR and ACWC within the framework of the ASEAN community and critically assesses the realisation of the right to education under the works of the AICHR and ACWC. This article concludes the realisation of the right to education in ASEAN is still challenging due to the problems of, inter alia, low allocation of resources in the education sector, high illiteracy and drop-out rates, gender discrimination in the non-traditional study program and access to quality education, especially for vulnerable groups. The AICHR and ACWC have not yet formulated specific formal instruments to address these situations. Since their respective establishment only a minor contribution has been made to advance the realisation of the right to education in the ASEAN community. In order to protect the right to education, the AICHR and ACWC have to be strengthened institutionally and financially. It is also necessary to empower the AICHR and ACWC by a quasi-legal authority to assess and inquire the ASEAN member states’ human rights’ performance. This step is a necessary for the AICHR and ACWC to make a tangible contribution to the realisation of the right to education in ASAEAN.
The establishment of universal health care marks a new momentum for the progressive realization of the right to health in Indonesia. The problem of corruption in health sector endangers the ...sustainability of effective and quality health care, therefore, Indonesia established an anti-fraud system to protect the universal health insurance fund. This research seeks to analyze the current anti-fraud system in universal health insurance through the lens of international law and principles of good governance. The sociolegal approach is chosen to study the relationship between the State party obligations to international law and the implementation of international law concerning universal health care and anti-corruption in the designated anti-fraud system. Good governance principles are essential in designing an effective anti-fraud system due to the correlation between human rights and anti-corruption that both areas emphasize good governance principles as guiding principles for the realization of human rights and the making of potent anti-corruption strategy.
The Nutritional problem that many occur in the pregnant women was anemia. When the mother was not pregnant, iron needed, could be fullfil from a healthy and balanced diet, But in a state of ...pregnancy, iron supply from food was still insufficient, So it took the supplements of tablets plus blood/iron 90 tablets during pregnancy. The incidence of anemia in Sikijang Public Health Center increased. While the distribution of Fe3 tablets in pregnant women has reached 100%.The purpose of this research is to know the relationship Counseling and family support for maternity compliance consuming Fe tabletsIn the working area of Sikijang Community Health Center 2015.The type of this research is analytic with cross sectional approach.The sample in this study was 70 pregnant women. The sampling technique was done by proportional random sampling. The data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate using Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between counseling with adherence level of pregnant women who consuming Fe tablet with p value 0.034. There was a significant relationship between the family support and compliance rate of pregnant women who consuming Fe tablets with p value 0.029. Masalah gizi yang banyak terjadi pada ibu hamil adalah anemia. Saat keadaan tidak hamil, kebutuhan zat besi biasanya dapat dipenuhi dari menu makanan sehat dan seimbang.Tetapi dalam keadaan hamil, suplai zat besi dari makanan masih belum mencukupi sehingga dibutuhkan suplemen berupa tablet tambah darah/zat besi 90 tablet selama kehamilan. Kejadian anemia di Puskesmas Sikijang mengalami peningkatan. Sedangkan pendistribusian pemberian tablet Fe3 pada ibu hamil sudah mencapai target. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan konseling dan dukungan keluarga terhadap kepatuhan ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet Fe di wilayah kerja puskesmas Sikijang Tahun 2015. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 70 orang ibu hamil. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara proportional random sampling. Data dianalisa secara Univariat dan bivariate dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara konseling dengan tingkat kepatuhan ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dengan p value 0,034. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kepatuhan ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dengan p value 0,029.
Comparison Analysis of “Safe Investment” Juwita, Ratna; Rahayu, Fitri; Sari, Mia Andika
Jurnal Ilmu Keuangan dan Perbankan (Bandung. Online),
12/2022, Letnik:
12, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This study aims to compare the return; risk; and coefficient of variation in gold; money market mutual funds; and government bonds in 2016-2021, as well as to determine the best investment ...instruments for investors. The data of this study are the historical monthly closing price of ANTAM's gold, NAV per unit of Manulife Indonesia Money Market Fund, and yield government bond series FR0056. The analytical method used in this study is a comparative method consisting of the Kruskal-Wallis test and further tests with Mann-Whitney. The results indicate significant differences between returns on gold and government bonds, returns on money market mutual funds and government bonds, and no significant difference between returns on gold and money market mutual funds. In terms of risk, it is known that each investment instrument has different risks, so choosing one investment instrument will provide a smaller risk.
Keywords: Return; Risk; Coefficient of Variation; Gold; Mutual Funds; Bonds
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan imbal hasil; risiko; dan koefisien variasi pada emas; reksa dana pasar uang; dan obligasi pemerintah tahun 2016-2021, serta untuk menentukan instrumen investasi terbaik bagi investor. Data pada penelitian ini adalah data bulanan harga penutupan emas ANTAM, NAB per unit Reksa Dana Pasar Uang Manulife Indonesia, dan imbal hasil obligasi pemerintah seri FR0056. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah komparatif yang terdiri dari uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji lanjut Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara imbal hasil emas dan obligasi pemerintah, imbal hasil reksa dana pasar uang dan obligasi pemerintah, serta tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara imbal hasil emas dan reksa dana pasar uang. Dilihat dari segi risiko diketahui bahwa setiap instrument investasi memiliki risiko yang berbeda, sehingga memilih salah satu instrument investasi akan memberikan risiko yang lebih kecil.
Kata Kunci: Imbal hasil; Risiko; Koefisien Variasi; Emas; Reksadana; Obligasi
The Determinants of Cryptocurrency Returns Juwita, Ratna; Ramadhani, Dewi Melinia; Maris, Anis Wahyu Intan
Jurnal Ilmu Keuangan dan Perbankan (Bandung. Online),
06/2023, Letnik:
12, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This study examines the determinants of cryptocurrency returns, namely Trading Volume, Price Volatility, and Market Capitalization. This study uses Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tether, USD Coin, and BNB, which ...are the Top 5 largest Cryptocurrency Market Capitalizations in 2022. The testing method used in this study is a panel data regression analysis. The results of this study prove that Trading Volume and Price Volatility have a significant and positive effect on Cryptocurrency Returns. In contrast, Market Capitalization does not substantially impact Cryptocurrency Returns. If investors want to earn high returns, then it is advisable to choose cryptocurrencies with high trading volume and high price volatility. But keep in mind, with high price volatility can also mean a greater risk of the coin.
Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Trading Volume; Price Volatility; Market Capitalization; Return
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji berbagai factor penentu imbal hasil cryptocurrency yaitu Volume Perdagangan, Volatilitas Harga dan Market Capitalization. Studi ini menggunakan Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tether, USD Coin, dan BNB yang merupakan Top 5 Market Capitalization Cryptocurrency terbesar tahun 2022. Metode pengujian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji analisis regresi data panel. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Volume Perdagangan dan Volatilitas Harga berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap Return Cryptocurrency, sedangkan Market Capitalization tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Return Cryptocurrency. Jika investor ingin mendapatkan return yang tinngi, maka disarankan untuk memilih cryptocurrency yang memiliki Volume Perdagangan dan Volatilitas Harga yang tinggi. Namun yang perlu diingat adalah, dengan tingginya Volatilitas Harga berarti pula tingginya risiko koin crypto tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Mata uang kripto; Volume Perdagangan; Volatilitas Harga; Kapitalisasi pasar; Pengembalian
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