EBV-immortalized B lymphocyte cell lines have been widely banked for studying a variety of diseases, including rare genetic disorders. These cell lines represent an important resource for disease ...modeling with the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology. Here we report the generation of iPSCs from EBV-immortalized B-cell lines derived from multiple inherited disease patients via a nonviral method. The reprogramming method for the EBV cell lines involves a distinct protocol compared with that of patient fibroblasts. The B-cell line–derived iPSCs expressed pluripotency markers, retained the inherited mutation and the parental V(D)J rearrangement profile, and differentiated into all 3 germ layer cell types. There was no integration of the reprogramming-related transgenes or the EBV-associated genes in these iPSCs. The ability to reprogram the widely banked patient B-cell lines will offer an unprecedented opportunity to generate human disease models and provide novel drug therapies.
Receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)–κB ligand (RANKL) is emerging as an important regulator of vascular pathophysiology. Here, we demonstrate a novel role of RANKL as a vascular permeability ...factor and a critical role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in RANKL-induced endothelial function. RANKL increased the vascular permeability and leukocyte infiltration in vivo and caused the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in wild-type mice but not in eNOS-deficient mice. In vitro, it increased endothelial permeability and reduced VE-cadherin–facilitated endothelial cell-cell junctions in a NO-dependent manner. RANKL also led to the activation of Akt and eNOS and to NO production in endothelial cells (ECs). These effects were suppressed by the inhibition of TRAF6, phosphoinositide 3′-kinase (PI3K), Akt, or NOS by genetic or pharmacologic means. Inhibition of the TRAF6-mediated NO pathway reduced EC migration and capillary-like tube formation in response to RANKL. Moreover, the effects of RANKL on ECs sprouting from the aorta, and neovessel formation in both the mouse Matrigel plug assay and corneal micropocket assay, were impaired in eNOS-deficient mice. These results demonstrate that RANKL promotes vascular permeability and angiogenesis by stimulating eNOS by a TRAF6-PI3K-Akt–dependent mechanism. These properties may be relevant to the pathogenesis of angiogenesis-dependent and inflammatory vascular diseases.
Lambda interferons (IFNLs) have potent antiviral activity against HCV, and polymorphisms within the IFNL gene cluster near the IFNL3 gene strongly predict spontaneous- and treatment-related HCV ...infection outcomes. The mechanism(s) linking IFNL polymorphisms and HCV control is currently elusive.
IFNL induction was studied in primary human hepatocytes (PHH) from 18 human donors, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 18 human donors, multiple cell lines and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iPSC-hepatocytes) from 7 human donors. After stimulation with intracellular RNA and infectious HCV, quantitative PCR (qPCR) primers and probes were designed to distinguish and quantify closely related IFNL messenger (m)RNAs from IFNL1, IFNL2 and IFNL3.
PHH demonstrated the most potent induction of IFNLs, although had lower pre-stimulation levels compared to PBMCs, monocytes and cell lines. PHH stimulation with cytoplasmic poly I:C induced >1,000-fold expression of IFNL1, IFNL2 and IFNL3. PHH from donors who were homozygous for the favourable IFNL3 allele (IFNL3-CC) had higher IFNL3 induction compared to PHH from IFNL3-TT donors (P=0.03). Baseline IFNL mRNA expression and induction was also tested in iPSC-hepatocytes: iPSC-hepatocytes had significantly higher baseline expression of IFNLs compared to PHH (P<0.0001), and IFNL3 induction was marginally different in iPSC-hepatocytes by IFNL genotype (P=0.07).
Hepatocytes express IFNLs when stimulated by a synthetic viral RNA that signals the cell through the cytoplasm. IFNL induction may be greater in persons with the favourable IFNL3 allele. These data provide insight into the strong linkage between IFNL3 genetics and control of HCV infection.
Security service must deal with various dangerous situations that occurs to the protector at the closest range, and must include elements of professional strength including agility, reaction, ...strength, balance, selective reaction abilities as physical requirements. Especially, close proximity guards are the last line of defense that must deal with various dangerous situations that occurs to the protector at the closest range, and at the same time, since the time, location, and methods of the dangerous situations are decided by the assailant it can be said that the most basic requirements of a close proximity security guard is martial arts abilities that deals with situations successfully.
Therefore, in order to successfully carry out a close proximity security service, one must train in martial arts based on the protection methods that will be applied during dangerous situations considering proximity protection security methods and the characteristics and principles of the security martial arts types.
One-arm shoulder throw, a technique in Judo, is a technique that throws by holding the collar or sleeve of a side that is frequently used as a surprise technique when the opponent is highly balanced and bigger in size and is a very simple technique, with also one arm, other than the one holding and pulling, free to change into another technique, making this less stressful on the arm joints than the two-arm shoulder throw, allowing beginners to easily approach this technique and easily throw the opponent. Also, as it is with the original movement of the one-arm shoulder throw, this technique is a basic technique and also an important technique that allows the holder(the guard) to use the attacking strength of the opponent in the situation when the receiver(the attacker) attacks the upper body.
Therefore, this study analyzes the differences in the EMG analysis results between the security martial arts one-arm shoulder throw movement with the left arm(attacking arm) and the right leg(balancing leg) in a dangerous situation.
<Table 1> shows the results of the muscle activity of an experienced person and a non-experienced person for the pulling arm's blocking section(section 1) to locking section(section 2) during the security martial art one-arm shoulder throw. <Table 2> shows the results of the muscle mobilization of an experienced person and a non-experienced person for the right(balancing) leg during the security martial art one-arm shoulder throw. These results are considered to be so since when the security martial art one-armed shoulder throw movement progresses the knees are bent, with the attacker on the back, and when the knee straightens out, and it finally ends with by throwing the attacker, and when these happen, the muscle in use is the muscular rectus femoris. KCI Citation Count: 0
Receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB ligand (RANKL) is emerging as an important regulator of vascular pathophysiology. Here, we demonstrate a novel role of RANKL as a vascular ...permeability factor and a critical role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in RANKL-induced endothelial function. RANKL increased the vascular permeability and leukocyte infiltration in vivo and caused the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in wild-type mice but not in eNOS-deficient mice. In vitro, it increased endothelial permeability and reduced VE-cadherin-facilitated endothelial cell-cell junctions in a NO-dependent manner. RANKL also led to the activation of Akt and eNOS and to NO production in endothelial cells (ECs). These effects were suppressed by the inhibition of TRAF6, phosphoinositide 3'-kinase (PI3K), Akt, or NOS by genetic or pharmacologic means. Inhibition of the TRAF6-mediated NO pathway reduced EC migration and capillary-like tube formation in response to RANKL. Moreover, the effects of RANKL on ECs sprouting from the aorta, and neovessel formation in both the mouse Matrigel plug assay and corneal micropocket assay, were impaired in eNOS-deficient mice. These results demonstrate that RANKL promotes vascular permeability and angiogenesis by stimulating eNOS by a TRAF6-PI3K-Akt-dependent mechanism. These properties may be relevant to the pathogenesis of angiogenesis-dependent and inflammatory vascular diseases.
PMU 데이터를 이용한 저주파 진동분석 연구 김용학; 남수철; 고백경 ...
KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy,
2020, Letnik:
6, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
It is very important to evaluate on/off-line stability to operate the power system stably and economically. Until now, we have continuously secured the operation reliability of the power system ...through the evaluation of transient, voltage and small signal stability. This paper proposes that it is possible to operate in KWAMS by applying the multi-section analysis and subspace methods and verifying the reliability of the algorithms to directly estimate the dominant oscillation mode of the power system from the signal waveform acquired from the phasor measurement units. In addition, this paper shows that the dominant oscillation mode can be detected from real-time measurement data in power systems. Therefore, if we can monitor the state of the power system in real time, it is possible to avoid a large-scale power outage by knowing the possibility of the power system accident in advance.
In this paper, we analyzed the effect of power system load model on the short-term voltage stability analysis results. First, we introduced common load models. We also confirmed that some load models ...can not represent actual system phenomena even if the model parameters are optimized. Also, we studied about the influences of load parameters and regional characteristics of load model on the sort-term voltage stability of KEPCO power system considering the contingency. The results showed that the importance of selecting a load model was confirmed again. And we recognized about it can be understood that it should reflect the load characteristics of the area near the assumed contingency more accurately. 본 논문은 전력계통의 부하 모델이 단기 전압 안정도 해석 결과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 우선, 본 논문에서는 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 부하 모델을 소개하였고, 일부 부하 모델은 모델 파라미터를 최적화하더라도 실제 측정된 계통 현상을 재현할 수 없다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 상정사고 상황을 고려하여 국내 전력계통의 단기 전압 안정도 해석 시 부하 모델의 영향과 지역별 부하 모델의 영향성을 검토하였다. 해당 결과를 통해 부하 모델 선정의 중요성을 재차 확인할 수 있었으며, 상정사고 인근 지역의 부하 특성을 보다 더 정확하게 반영해야 함을 알 수 있다.
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