Oceanic plateaus are major ocean features, yet their origins and development are poorly understood. Many are huge piles of basalt, and it is widely accepted that mantle plumes are their source, ...perhaps from eruptions of the voluminous head of an emerging plume. Shatsky Rise is a basaltic plateau that formed during a period of geomagnetic reversals, unlike many mid‐Cretaceous plateaus, so magnetic data can help us understand its tectonic history. In this study, we analyzed magnetic anomaly data from 131 cruises over and around Shatsky Rise and constructed a magnetic lineation chart for tectonic interpretation. A significant finding is that magnetic lineations are traceable through low parts of the rise between volcanic massifs, indicating nearly normal lithosphere, and between large volcanic edifices. Many lineations form bights near the rise axis and show former locations of the Pacific‐Izanagi‐Farallon triple junction. They indicate that the junction was in a ridge‐ridge‐ridge (RRR) configuration and closely followed the rise axis from chron M20 (146 Ma) to chron M4 (127 Ma). Lineation and bight geometries indicate that the triple junction jumped northeastward at least nine times, often apparently in response to volcanic activity from the mantle plume. Some jumps, however, appear related to ridge reorientations. Numerous features within the rise are parallel to lineations or lineation offsets, implying that the plateau formed near the triple junction and was modified by ridge faulting. Most of our observations support the hypothesis that Shatsky Rise was formed by a mantle plume that captured a triple junction.
Discretionary conduct of monetary stabilization policy can increase real and nominal aggregate volatility by arbitrary amounts when firms pay limited attention to aggregate shocks. A conservative ...central banker with stronger preference for price stability eliminates the commitment problem, thereby reduces output and price volatility and gives rise to a policy-induced ‘Great Moderation’. Increased focus on price stability facilitates firms’ information processing and aligns their expectations better with policy decisions. This ‘coordination effect’ reduces aggregate real and nominal volatility. Consistent with empirical evidence, the moderation manifests itself through reduced residual variance in vector autoregressions (VARs) involving macroeconomic variables.
A literary strand of narratives about Saul in 1 Samuel emerged in a process of rewriting Israelite-Judean history. 1 Sam 26* and a number of other episodes (1 Sam 10:8; 10:17-27; 13:7a-13a; 14:24-46; ...parts of 1 Sam 9; 1 Sam 16:1-13; 16:14-23; 17*; 1 Sam 28*, 31*; 2 Sam 1*) present the first Israelite king as a figure that was informed by Greek tragic heroism. More specifically, the themes and the formation of the characters in the story of David's nocturnal intrusion in 1 Samuel 26 are set side by side with the post-classical drama Rhesus. 1 Sam 26 is understood as a narrative comment on Saul's destiny in prophetic tradition. Saul's tragic heroism is described with skl "to act foolishly" 1 Sam 26:21b. Also, Qohelet's royal travesty in Eccl 1:12-2:26 alludes to this notion of Saul as a tragic king who acts foolishly (skl). He is contrasted with his glorious opponent David who succeeds (śkl) in all his endeavours.
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 318, Wilkes Land Glacial History, drilled a transect of sites across the Wilkes Land margin of Antarctica to provide a long-term record of the ...sedimentary archives of Cenozoic Antarctic glaciation and its intimate relationships with global climatic and oceanographic change. The Wilkes Land drilling program was undertaken to constrain the age, nature, and paleoenvironment of the previously only seismicallyinferred glacial sequences. The expedition (January–March 2010) recovered ~2000 meters of high-quality middle Eocene–Holocene sediments from water depths between 400 m and 4000 m at four sites on the Wilkes Land rise (U1355, U1356, U1359, and U1361) and three sites on the Wilkes Land shelf (U1357, U1358, and U1360). These records span ~53 million years of Antarctic history, and the various seismic units (WL-S4–WL-S9) have been successfully dated. The cores reveal the history of the Wilkes Land Antarctic margin from an ice-free “greenhouse” Antarctica, to the first cooling, to the onset and erosional consequences of the first glaciation and the subsequentdynamics of the waxing and waning ice sheets, all the way to thick, unprecedented “tree ring style” records with seasonal resolution of the last deglaciation that began ~10,000 y ago. The cores also reveal details of the tectonic history of the Australo-Antarctic Gulf from 53 Ma, portraying the onset of the second phase of rifting between Australia and Antarctica, to ever-subsiding margins and deepening,to the present continental and ever-widening ocean/continent configuration.
We present a stock market model that quantitatively replicates the joint behavior of stock prices, trading volume and investor expectations. Stock prices in the model occasionally display ...belief-driven boom and bust cycles that delink asset prices from fundamentals and redistribute considerable amounts of wealth from less to more experienced investors. Although gains from trade arise only from subjective belief differences, introducing financial transactions taxes (FTTs) remains undesirable. While FTTs reduce the size and length of boom–bust cycles, they increase the likelihood of such cycles, thereby overall return volatility and wealth redistribution. Contingent FTTs, which are levied only above a certain price threshold, give rise to problems of equilibrium multiplicity and non-existence.
A writer in prophetic tradition inserted Saul's necromancy as a digression at a crucial moment before his death. It shares this digressive character and, its form of a dialogue between a dead spirit, ...a necromancer and Saul with the nekuia in the 11th book of the Odyssey. These significant formal differences from Ancient Near Eastern traditions are reasons to juxtapose 1 Samuel 28 also to the invocation of Darius' spirit in Aischylos' Persians and to suggest an influence of Greek traditions. Un rédacteur de la tradition prophétique a inséré le passage de 1 Samuel sur la nécromancie de Saül comme une digression à un moment crucial avant sa mort. La narration partage cet aspect digressif – et sa forme en dialogue entre le nécromant, Saül et l'esprit d'un défunt, – avec la nekuia dans le 11e Livre de l'Odyssée. Les différences formelles d'avec les traditions du Proche-Orient ancien sont des raisons pour également juxtaposer 1 Sa 28 à l'invocation de l'esprit de Darius, dans les Perses d'Eschyle, et de suggérer une influence des traditions grecques.
Incorporation of synthetically prepared 1-1-13Cdeoxy-d-xylulose into chamomile sesquiterpenes has been achieved by injecting an aqueous solution into the anthodia of the plant. The analysis of ...labeling patterns and absolute 13C abundances of the isolated sesquiterpenes bisabololoxide A (1), bisabololoxide B (2), and chamazulene (3) using quantitative 13C NMR spectroscopy showed that 1-1-13Cdeoxy-d-xylulose was efficiently incorporated in all three isoprene building blocks of the sesquiterpenes. A significantly lower 13C abundance of the labeled carbon atom in the biogenetically terminal isoprene unit confirms the mixed biosynthesis of this unit, involving both the mevalonic acid pathway and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway.
We consider optimal monetary stabilization policy in a New Keynesian model with explicit microfoundations, when the central bank recognizes that private-sector expectations need not be precisely ...model-consistent, and wishes to choose a policy that will be as good as possible in the case of any beliefs close enough to model-consistency. We show how to characterize robustly optimal policy without restricting consideration a priori to a particular parametric family of candidate policy rules. We show that robustly optimal policy can be implemented through commitment to a target criterion involving only the paths of inflation and a suitably defined output gap, but that a concern for robustness requires greater resistance to surprise increases in inflation than would be considered optimal if one could count on the private sector to have “rational expectations.”
► We determine robustly optimal monetary policy in a New Keynesian model. ► The policy is robust to deviations of private sector expectations from “rational expectations”. ► Robustness concerns require greater resistance to surprise increases in inflation.
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