fr La présente étude a pour objectif d’identifier et d’évaluer les zones potentielles de recharge des aquifères du Sud-Est de la Nawa par le couplage de l’analyse multicritère au radiocarbone en ...contexte de variabilité climatique. Elle est basée sur la combinaison d’informations spatiales relatives à différents paramètres (climat, topographie, sol, végétation, géologie, etc.) susceptibles d’influencer diversement la recharge. D’abord, la quantité d’eau infiltrée pour recharger les aquifères est estimée à partir du bilan hydrologique après caractérisation de la variabilité climatique à Soubré. Ensuite, les zones de recharge des aquifères fracturés sont cartographiées par analyse multicritère. Enfin, ces zones sont validées à partir des activités en carbone 14. De 1951 à 2017, le déficit pluviométrique de part et d’autre de la rupture de 1970 est de 14%. Deux périodes humides (1951-1970 et 1993-2017), intercalée d’une période sèche (1971-1992) caractérisent la zone d’étude. La lame d’eau estimée pour recharger les aquifères est de 243 mm de 1951 à 2017. La modélisation des paramètres climatique, topographique, pédologique, géologique, de la végétation, a permis d’élaborer des cartes thématiques bien structurées. Le croisement de celles-ci dans un SIG a facilité la conception de la carte des zones de recharge du Sud-Est de la Nawa. Cette carte met en évidence quatre zones d’aptitude à la recharge, validées par des activités en carbone 14. Les zones de recharge très forte (40%) et forte (35%) se localisent au Sud-Est et s’étendent jusqu’au Sud-Ouest de la zone d’étude. Les zones de recharge moyenne (11%) s’identifient dans le lit du Sassandra. Les zones de recharge faible (14%) occupent majoritairement l’Ouest et le Nord. La carte des zones de recharge est un outil d’aide à la décision qui oriente les décideurs dans l’identification des secteurs susceptibles de faire l’objet d’implantation de forages à forte productivité, et aussi susceptibles d’être vulnérables vis-à-vis des contaminants.
It is well documented that compounds from rhizomes of
Zingiber officinale, commonly called ginger, have anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we show that ginger can exert such functions
in vivo, ...namely in a mouse model of Th2-mediated pulmonary inflammation. The preparation of ginger aqueous extract (Zo.Aq) was characterized by mass spectrometry as an enriched fraction of
n-gingerols. Intraperitoneal injections of this extract before airway challenge of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice resulted in a marked decrease in the recruitment of eosinophils to the lungs as attested by cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and histological examination. Resolution of airway inflammation induced by Zo.Aq was accompanied by a suppression of the Th2 cell-driven response to allergen
in vivo. Thus, IL-4, IL-5 and eotaxin levels in the lungs as well as specific IgE titres in serum were clearly diminished in ginger-treated mice relative to their controls after allergen sensitization and challenge. Finally, we found that 6-gingerol, a major constituent of ginger, was sufficient to suppress eosinophilia in our model of inflammation. This is the first evidence that ginger can suppress Th2-mediated immune responses and might thus provide a possible therapeutic application in allergic asthma.
Introduction: Aqueous extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa (EALS) (Lythraceae) is widely used to treat diabetes. This plant has been shown an in vitro thrombolytic activity that indicates its potential ...to prevent the formation of blood clots in vivo. Thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate the antithrombotic and antihemolytic effects of EALS. Methods: Rats of both sexes (200 ± 5 g) were divided into five groups of six animals. Each group received orally distilled water, EALS (250, 500, 1000 mg/kg), and acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg) for five days. After treatment, the FeCl3-induced arterial thrombus formation method was used to determine occlusion time. A coagulometer was used to detect activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT). Rabbit blood was used to determine clot lysis activity in vitro and antihemolytic activity using the 2,2-azobis hydrochloride (2-methylpropionamidine) (AAPH) method. Results: EALS increased the occlusion time in a dose-dependent manner. At the dose of 1000 mg/kg, EALS increased the occlusion time significantly, from 4.59 ± 2.45 minutes to 15.52 ± 2.38 minutes (P<0.01). At high concentrations (1-4 mg/mL), EALS showed a significant increase in aPPT and PT (P<0.05). Streptokinase and EALS (4 mg/mL) induced significant clot lysis with percentage values of 78.48 ± 2.2 % and 49.5 ± 1.53 %, respectively (P<0.001). EALS inhibited AAPH-induced hemolysis. Conclusion: EALS exhibited antithrombotic and antihemolytic activities. The antithrombotic property of the plant could be attributed to its anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities. Regular consumption of L. speciosa leaves may prevent or treat thrombotic diseases.
Abstract
Rainwater pollution in urban areas is a real phenomenon globally, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to trace the origin of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the ...Abidjan district's rainwater and to evaluate the health risk to the population. Ten water samples were collected at two sites during the dry and rainy seasons over a 2-year period. The use of molecular indices and profiles as well as Spearman's correlation matrix revealed that the pyrolytic sources, such as wood combustion as well as road traffic, remain the main sources of these pollutants in the water. The risk assessment revealed a higher risk of skin cancer in children.
PDF
