We describe the Fortran code HDECAY, which calculates the decay widths and the branching ratios of the Standard Model Higgs boson, and of the neutral and charged Higgs particles of the minimal ...supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. The program is self-contained (with all subroutines included), easy to run, fast, and it calculates the decay widths and branching ratios according to the current theoretical knowledge.
The color gauge hyper-multiplet in N=2 supersymmetry consists of the usual N=1 gauge vector/gaugino super-multiplet, joined with a novel gaugino/scalar super-multiplet. Large cross sections are ...predicted for the production of pairs of the color-octet scalars σ sgluons at the LHC: gg, qq¯→σσ*. Single σ production is possible at one-loop level, but the gg→σ amplitude vanishes in the limit of degenerate L and R squarks. When kinematically allowed, σ decays predominantly into two gluinos, whose cascade decays give rise to a burst of eight or more jets together with four LSP's as signature for σ pair events at the LHC. σ can also decay into a squark–antisquark pair at tree level. At one-loop level σ decays into gluons or a tt¯ pair are predicted, generating exciting resonance signatures in the final states. The corresponding partial widths are very roughly comparable to that for three body final states mediated by one virtual squark at tree level.
Disease recurrence is the major cause of morbidity and mortality of ovarian cancer (OC). In terms of maintenance therapies after platinum-based chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors significantly improve the ...overall survival of patients with BRCA mutations but is of little benefit to patients without homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). The stem-like tumor-initiating cell (TIC) population within OC tumors are thought to contribute to disease recurrence and chemoresistance. Therefore, there is a need to identify drugs that target TICs to prevent relapse in OC without HRD. RNA sequencing analysis of OC cells grown in TIC conditions revealed a strong enrichment of genes involved in drug metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways. Concurrently, a high-throughput drug screen identified drugs that showed efficacy against OC cells grown as TICs compared to adherent cells. Four drugs were chosen that affected drug metabolism and ROS response: disulfiram, bardoxolone methyl, elesclomol and salinomycin. The drugs were tested in vitro for effects on viability, sphere formation and markers of stemness CD133 and ALDH in TICs compared to adherent cells. The compounds promoted ROS accumulation and oxidative stress and disulfiram, elesclomol and salinomycin increased cell death following carboplatin treatment compared to carboplatin alone. Disulfiram and salinomycin were effective in a post-surgery, post-chemotherapy OC relapse model in vivo, demonstrating that enhancing oxidative stress in TICs can prevent OC recurrence.
Abstract General vulnerability to stuttering is the broad awareness of stuttering and the ever-present, experiential sense of a person who stutters (PWS). It is defined by stuttering in all its forms ...and the awareness of its presence, both in moments of stuttering and moments of perceivably fluent speech. Under the heading of general vulnerability to stuttering is specific vulnerability to stuttering, which includes the actual events of stuttering (i.e., overt symptoms, covert symptoms, subperceptual stuttering, and anticipation of stuttering). The differentiation between the two is that specific vulnerability requires a specific moment of stuttering where general vulnerability does not.
The TauSpinner algorithm is a tool that allows one to modify the physics model of the Monte Carlo generated samples due to the changed assumptions of event production dynamics, but without the need ...of re-generating events. With the help of weights τ-lepton production or decay processes can be modified accordingly to a new physics model. In a recent paper a new version TauSpinner ver.2.0.0 has been presented which includes a provision for introducing non-standard states and couplings and study their effects in the vector-boson-fusion processes by exploiting the spin correlations of τ-lepton pair decay products in processes where final states include also two hard jets. In the present paper we document how this can be achieved taking as an example the non-standard spin-2 state that couples to Standard Model particles and tree-level matrix elements with complete helicity information included for the parton–parton scattering amplitudes into a τ-lepton pair and two outgoing partons. This implementation is prepared as the external (user-provided) routine for the TauSpinner algorithm. It exploits amplitudes generated by MadGraph5 and adapted to the TauSpinner algorithm format. Consistency tests of the implemented matrix elements, re-weighting algorithm and numerical results for observables sensitive to τ polarisation are presented.
The ”Snowmass Points and Slopes” (SPS) are a set of benchmark points and parameter lines in the MSSM parameter space corresponding to different scenarios in the search for Supersymmetry at present ...and future experiments. This set of benchmarks was agreed upon at the 2001 ”Snowmass Workshop on the Future of Particle Physics” as a consensus based on different existing proposals.
Abstract Consumers are exposed to low concentrations of a variety of pesticide residues in or on food. Some of them might interfere with the endocrine system. While each individual active substance ...has been extensively tested for toxicity and safety, potential combination effects possibly resulting from combined exposure to different pesticides have seldomly been tested so far, especially in vivo . Since the adrenal gland is a key endocrine organ, we investigated if and how substances of a group of fungicides presumed to interfere with the biosynthesis of steroid hormones affect this organ when applied individually and in combination in a broad dose range. A 28-day feeding study was conducted in Wistar rats by using three (tri)azole fungicides considered to potentially affect the endocrine system (cyproconazole, epoxiconazole and prochloraz) individually at five dose levels, ranging from 0.9 ppm to 2400 ppm, and in combination at three dose levels. The parameters analysed included classical toxicology (pathology, histopathology, clinical chemistry) and molecular toxicology endpoints (gene expression arrays and quantitative real time PCR e.g. of Star, HSD 3β, Cyp11a1, Cyp11b1, Cyp11b2, Cyp 21, ApoE ), as well as hormone analysis. A dose-dependent decrease in the adrenal gland weight of rats treated with epoxiconazole alone, which was accompanied by an atrophy of the adrenal gland as well as by an increase in the serum cholesterol level and which only became statistically significant at the top dose levels, was observed. These effects were attenuated in the combination experiments, although the same epoxiconazole concentration was used.
Abstract The TauSpinner algorithm is a tool that allows one to modify the physics model of the Monte Carlo generated samples due to the changed assumptions of event production dynamics, but without ...the need of re-generating events. With the help of weights $$\tau $$ τ -lepton production or decay processes can be modified accordingly to a new physics model. In a recent paper a new version TauSpinner ver.2.0.0 has been presented which includes a provision for introducing non-standard states and couplings and study their effects in the vector-boson-fusion processes by exploiting the spin correlations of $$\tau $$ τ -lepton pair decay products in processes where final states include also two hard jets. In the present paper we document how this can be achieved taking as an example the non-standard spin-2 state that couples to Standard Model particles and tree-level matrix elements with complete helicity information included for the parton–parton scattering amplitudes into a $$\tau $$ τ -lepton pair and two outgoing partons. This implementation is prepared as the external (user-provided) routine for the TauSpinner algorithm. It exploits amplitudes generated by MadGraph5 and adapted to the TauSpinner algorithm format. Consistency tests of the implemented matrix elements, re-weighting algorithm and numerical results for observables sensitive to $$\tau $$ τ polarisation are presented.
The efficient parallel emissions (photoluminescence
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PL and electroluminescence
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EL) from bi-molecular (B-M) and mono-molecular (M-M) excited states are observed and their nature described in Pt
L
...26 Cl complex (for neat films in the figure) and employed to fabricate varying-color, high-efficacy OLEDs.
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► How various bi-molecular states are involved in determining spectral properties of Pt organic complexes. ► How bi-molecular excited states can be used and manipulated in fabrication of highly-efficient OLEDs within a broad spectral span covering its visible and near IR region. ► New significant aspects of chemical physics in the important group of advanced organic compounds to be widely used in organic optoelectronics.
The nature of excited states in Pt(II) organic complexes used as efficient phosphorescent emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is examined. These compounds were chosen because their square planar structures allow them to facially aggregate through attractive intermolecular interactions of Pt–Pt or ligand–ligand or combination of these, thereby facilitating formation of bi-molecular (B-M) states such as ground-state dimers and/or excited states – excimers and electromers. The efficient parallel emissions from B-M and mono-molecular (M-M) excited states allow to tune color and efficiency of OLEDs. Based on various spectroscopic characteristics of selected Pt
L
xCl complexes with different ligands
L
x, we find that both excited triplet dimers and excimers are formed in fluid and solid solutions in addition to monomer excitonic states, though their relative populations are strongly dependent on the sample composition and particularly on its polarity. Of two possible routes of the formation of the excimer states, the one based on molecular triplet interaction with ground state molecules is found to dominate in both optically (PL) and electrically (EL) pumped film emissions. The contribution of the direct Coulombic interaction of complex cations and anions (omitting the formation of molecular triplets) to the formation of excimers is insignificant. These findings have a direct impact on the design and general understanding of OLEDs and ultimate development of stable, high-efficiency Pt(II) organic phosphor-based LEDs. However, they apply as well to any organic material containing planar molecules or their planar parts. Thus, we would expect their importance in phthalocyanine dyes and derivitized bucky-balls that are often used in organic photovoltaics and in pentacene films that are incorporated into organic transistors.
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