Purpose
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on the polysomnographic parameters related to OSAS.
Materials and Methods
We conducted this ...3-year prospective cohort study in a tertiary care center between December 2016 and December 2019. In total, we enrolled 31 patients with severe obesity who underwent full-night polysomnography (PSG) before LSG. Later, the patients were re-evaluated by full-night PSG 12 months after the surgery.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 44.1 ± 9.6 years. The mean body mass index (BMI) decreased significantly from a mean value of 49.8 ± 8.5 kg/m
2
at baseline to 33.2 ± 8.2 kg/m
2
and a percent BMI (%BMI) reduction of 33.8 ± 10.4% and a percent total weight loss (%TWL) of 35.4 ± 10.8% was achieved on the same day of the postsurgical PSG (
p
< 0.001). There was a remarkable improvement in the AHI (baseline: 36.1 ± 27.1, 12 months after the surgery: 10.3 ± 11.8; difference: 25.8 ± 22.8 events per hour) (
p
< 0.001). Importantly, there was a decrease in the percentage of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) 2 (
p
< 0.001), whereas NREM 3 and REM stages witnessed a significant increase (
p
= 0.001 and
p
< 0.001, respectively) after the surgery.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that weight loss after LSG yields improvement not only in AHI but also in many polysomnographic parameters such as sleep quality and desaturation indices.
It is difficult to distinguish coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) from other viral respiratory tract infections owing to the similarities in clinical and radiological findings. This study aims to ...determine the clinical importance of platelet count and platelet indices in the differentiation of COVID‐19 from influenza and the value of these parameters in the differential diagnosis of COVID‐19. The medical records of the patients and the electronic patient monitoring system were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics, admission symptoms, laboratory findings, radiological involvement, comorbidities, and mortality of the patients were recorded. Forty‐three patients diagnosed with influenza and 54 diagnosed with COVID‐19 were included in the study. The average age of the COVID‐19 patients was lower than that of the influenza patients (influenza: 60.5 years, COVID‐19: 52.4 years; pp = 0.024),.024), and the male gender was predominant in the COVID‐19 group (influenza: 42%, COVID‐19: 56%). According to laboratory findings, the mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet ratio were statistically significantly lower, whereas the eosinophil count and platelet distribution width levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the COVID‐19 group. It was found that the most common symptom in both groups was dyspnea and that the symptom was more prevalent among influenza patients. In the diagnosis of COVID‐19, the platelet count and platelet indices are easily accessible, inexpensive, and important parameters in terms of differential diagnosis and can help in the differentiation of COVID‐19 from influenza during seasonal outbreaks of the latter.
Caregiver Burden in Pulmonary Patients Yılmaz Kara, Bilge; Toprak, Derya; Kara, Ekrem ...
Journal of gerontological social work,
04/2023, Letnik:
66, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Caregiving has become an increasingly important medical and social issue in recent decades. We performed a cross-sectional study on pulmonary patients and accompanying informal caregivers who were ...hospitalized in the chest disease ward of a tertiary center in Turkey between January 2020 and April 2021. Informal caregivers were asked to complete the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. A total of 141 inpatients (39% female, mean age: 76.8 ± 10.2 years) and their informal caregivers (77% female, mean age: 54 ± 11.9 years) were evaluated. The caregivers were classified as light to medium burden (group 1, burden score ≤40) and medium to heavy burden (group 2, burden score >40). The mean burden score was 35.7 ± 13.3 points. The number of female caregivers was higher in group 2 (p = 0.025). There was a positive correlation between the burden score and female gender (p = 0.002) and the number of chronic diseases of caregivers (p = 0.020). Statistical analysis revealed a negative correlation between the burden score and the level of education (r = > −0.174, p = 0.040). Caregiver burden is related to the characteristics of the caregiver rather than those of the patient being cared for. Female caregivers with lower education and more than one chronic disease perceive a higher caregiver burden.
High-dose and long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may cause systemic and local side effects such as opportunistic infections. Here we report a patient with asthma who developed a giant cavity in ...the lung while using inhaled salmeterol plus fluticasone propionate.
A 57-year-old female patient presented with a three-week history of cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. She had a diagnosis of asthma for 4 years and was using an inhaled salmeterol plus fluticasone treatment intermittently for 2 years. A giant cavity was detected in the patient's chest X-ray. As a result of further investigations, three different microorganisms were isolated from the samples of sputum, bronchial lavage and lung biopsy.
was the first microorganism that was isolated from the sputum and the bronchial lavage. Afterwards,
was detected in both the bronchial lavage fluid and the histologic examination of the tissue samples obtained by percutaneous lung biopsy. Appropriate antibiotics and antifungals were prescribed. Moderate clinical and radiological response to the treatment was obtained. During the outpatient follow-up,
growth which was sensitive to all of the major anti-tuberculosis drugs was reported in the mycobacterial culture, and the patient was started on anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Tuberculosis and other opportunistic infections are a potential consequences of inhaled corticosteroids. Clinicians overseeing such patients need to be vigilant about the need for timely investigations about tuberculosis before and during prescribing medications containing inhaled corticosteroids.
Effect of coronaphobia on smoking habits Ozcelik, Neslihan; Yilmaz Kara, Bilge
Journal of addictive diseases,
2021 Apr-Jun, Letnik:
39, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic had exhibited negative effects on patients with a nicotine use disorder because of social stress situations. The objective of this study is to investigate ...the changes that occurred in the smoking habits of the patients who applied to our smoking cessation clinic because of the COVID-19 outbreak's effect (coronaphobia) on their mental health.
In this study, we included the patients who applied to our smoking cessation clinic between January 1 and June 30, 2020. We conducted telephonic and face-to-face interviews with the patients during the outbreak, and inquired about the changes in their smoking habits.
In total, 114 volunteers (mean age: 41.2 years min-max: 18-82 years, M/F: 70/44 61.4/38.6%) who registered in the smoking cessation clinic of Chest Diseases Clinic were included in the study. The number of people with and without coronaphobia was 64 (56.1%) and 50 (43.9%), respectively. The analyses of the changes in smoking behaviors because of coronaphobia demonstrated that people with coronaphobia exhibited a significantly higher decrease or cessation of smoking as compared to no change in smoking behavior or increase in the number of cigarettes (p: .006).
Success in smoking cessation can be increased with the accurate analyses of the anxiety effects caused by coronaphobia after COVID-19 outbreak on the desire of smoking cessation. This resolution depends on the solution-oriented strategies that will increase the awareness of physicians and patients, a close follow-up of patients with tools such as telemedicine, and a quick determination of their needs.
Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the effects of clinical Pilates in multiple sclerosis patients. Subjects and Methods Twenty multiple sclerosis patients were enrolled in this study. The ...participants were divided into two groups as the clinical Pilates and control groups. Cognition (Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite), balance (Berg Balance Scale), physical performance (timed performance tests, Timed up and go test), tiredness (Modified Fatigue Impact scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and quality of life (Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life Questionnaire) were measured before and after treatment in all participants. Results There were statistically significant differences in balance, timed performance, tiredness and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite tests between before and after treatment in the clinical Pilates group. We also found significant differences in timed performance tests, the Timed up and go test and the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite between before and after treatment in the control group. According to the difference analyses, there were significant differences in Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite and Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life Questionnaire scores between the two groups in favor of the clinical Pilates group. There were statistically significant clinical differences in favor of the clinical Pilates group in comparison of measurements between the groups. Clinical Pilates improved cognitive functions and quality of life compared with traditional exercise. Conclusion In Multiple Sclerosis treatment, clinical Pilates should be used as a holistic approach by physical therapists.
Healthcare workers (HCWs) possess a high risk for both latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active disease. This study aimed to investigate tuberculosis (TB) disease history in hospital staff ...working in healthcare institutions in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey.
This study included 460 HCWs employed in 5 hospitals in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. Between May 01 and July 31, 2016, the participants were asked to answer a questionnaire, including data about TB history. The data about family TB history, Bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, or tuberculin skin test (TST) application before starting work were also evaluated.
Of the 460 participants, 69.3% were women (n=319) and 30.7% (n=141) were men. The mean age was 32 (17-63) years. A total of 8 participants (1.7 %) had TB history. There was no statistically significant relationship between TB history and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, or presence of comorbidities (p>0.05 for all variables); family history of TB (p<0.001) and TST positivity (p<0.001) were significantly higher in participants with a TB history. Each participant was checked for the presence of both BCG scar and TST positivity. No difference was noted between positive TB history and negative HCWs (p>0.05). The duration of work (years) was higher in participants with a TB history. The p value was very close but did not reach the limits of significance (p=0.059).
In this study, the rate of TB among HCWs was 1.7% (8 of 460 HCWs). Family history of TB and TST positivity are strong predictors of TB in HCWs.
Background
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a method applied to build a 3D object of any shape from a digital model, and it provides crucial advantages especially for transferring patient-specific ...designs to clinical settings. The main purpose of this study is to introduce the newly designed complex airway stent models that are created through mathematical functions and manufactured with 3D printing for implementation in real life.
Methods
A mathematical modeling software (MathMod) was used to design five different airway stents. The highly porous structures with designated scales were fabricated by utilizing a stereolithography-based 3D printing technology. The fine details in the microstructure of 3D printed parts were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties of airway stents with various designs and porosity were compared by compression test.
Results
The outputs of the mathematical modeling software were successfully converted into 3D printable files and airway stents with a porosity of more than 85% were 3D printed. SEM images revealed the layered topography of high-resolution 3D printed parts. Compression tests have shown that the mathematical function-based design offers the opportunity to adjust the mechanical strength of airway stents without changing the material or manufacturing method.
Conclusions
A novel approach, which includes mathematical function-based design and 3D printing technology, is proposed in this study for the fabrication of airway stents as a promising tool for future treatments of central airway pathologies.
Amaç: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) sıklığı son yıllarda giderek artmakla birlikte, henüz etiyolojisi tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bozukluğun etiyolojisinde genetik, nörobiyolojik, ...ruhsal-toplumsal etkenler, çevresel veya iyat-rojenik nedenlerin rol oynadığına ilişkin birçok hipotez öne sürülmüştür. Bu çalışmada OSB ile RELN gen polimorfiz-mi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM-5 tanı ölçütlerine göre OSB tanısı konmuş olan 3-12 yaşları arasındaki 62 hasta ile yaş ve cinsiyet olarak hasta grubuyla eşleştirilmiş 64 sağlıklı çocuk alındı. İki gruptaki olguları sorgulayan Sosyodemografik Veri Formu verildi ve otizm şiddetini değerlendirmek için Çocukluk Otizmini Değerlendirme Ölçeği uygulandı. Reelin geninin iki tek nükleotid polimorfizmi (rs1270519, rs362691), real-time PCR kullanılarak genotiplendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 62 OSB’li olgunun 57’si erkek (%92), beşi kız (%8); kontrol grubuna alınan 64 olgunun 52’si erkek (%81), 12’si kız (%19) idi. Hasta grubunun yaş ortalaması 5.54±3.13, kontrol grubunun yaş ortalaması 6.43±4.04 yıldı. Hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında cinsiyet ve yaş açısından anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. OSB’li hastalarda rs1270519 polimorfizminde sağlıklı kontrollere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanırken, rs362691 açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Tartış-ma: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları RELN gen rs1270519 polimorfizminin Türk popülasyonunda OSB ile ilişkili olabilece-ğini göstermektedir. OSB ile RELN arasındaki ilişkinin aydınlatılabilmesi için farklı polimorfizmlerin de çalışıldığı daha geniş çaplı çalışmalara gerek vardır.
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