The purpose of this paper is to define the basic issues and opportunities challenging the modern development of the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje, their causes and effects. The processes of ...depopulation affected this poorly developed rural region since 1960s, which had been influenced by various factors: development polarisation caused by intensive development of tourism, the poor traffic infrastructure in the highland-area of the Municipality and the unsolved water supply issue. In 1990s a series of events intensified negative demographic trends as follows: aggression on Croatia, occupation during which residential, economic and infrastructural buildings were destroyed and burnt, as well as an earthquake which happened after the return of the refugees. The long-lasting rural emigration from this region towards Dubrovnik caused not only an instantaneous decrease of population but also a contraction of the renewing basis and an accelerated decrease of natural growth in the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje. In that way the emigrational depopulation as a consequence of a specific socioeconomic development, became the cause of the current biological depopulation. The intensity of the depopulation processes has been established by an analysis of a total population dynamics and the changes in biological and economic population structure. The conclusion of the study indicates activities which have promising development in the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje and which might partly stop the negative demographic trends. Those are mainly traditional activities in this region which are not commercially used enough. They should prevent any further emigration and perhaps even attract those who immigrated, back to their place of birth
The purpose of this paper is to define the basic issues and opportunities challenging the modern development of the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje, their causes and effects. The processes of ...depopulation affected this poorly developed rural region since 1960s, which had been influenced by various factors: development polarisation caused by intensive development of tourism, the poor traffic infrastructure in the highland-area of the Municipality and the unsolved water supply issue. In 1990s a series of events intensified negative demographic trends as follows: aggression on Croatia, occupation during which residential, economic and infrastructural buildings were destroyed and burnt, as well as an earthquake which happened after the return of the refugees. The long-lasting rural emigration from this region towards Dubrovnik caused not only an instantaneous decrease of population but also a contraction of the renewing basis and an accelerated decrease of natural growth in the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje. In that way the emigrational depopulation as a consequence of a specific socioeconomic development, became the cause of the current biological depopulation. The intensity of the depopulation processes has been established by an analysis of a total population dynamics and the changes in biological and economic population structure. The conclusion of the study indicates activities which have promising development in the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje and which might partly stop the negative demographic trends. Those are mainly traditional activities in this region which are not commercially used enough. They should prevent any further emigration and perhaps even attract those who immigrated, back to their place of birth.
Container traffic has a dominant role in the transport of general cargo, because it integrates different ways of transport into a unique transport chain. The reason is that it is easier to handle ...cargo and the turn - around time is reduced, thus decreasing the costs of transhipment and reducing freight rates, attracting more users. Due to all these factors, container transport is considered to be the most perspective way of transporting of cargo. The Mediterranean Sea is of extreme importance for container transport, because it is one of three most important routes on relation East-West i.e. that one connecting Europe with Near East, Middle East, Far East. Taking into consideration the fact that in liner marine service there's a trend of rationalization of the number of ports of call because of the reduction of costs, the Mediterranean ports in the vicinity of main fairway between Suez Channel and Gibraltar took the function of main transhipment container ports. The distribution of containers from those ports towards distant ports of the Mediterranean basin is done by regular feeder lines Container traffic in the Adriatic appeared in the end of 1970. and it is of the greatest intensity in the North Adriatic ports, because they have the best traffic connections with gravitational hinterland, i.e. the States of Central Europe. However, although having exceptionally convenient geographical position in comparison to traffic routes between Europe and East, North Adriatic ports don't take advantage of that position. It is proved by the fact that main competitors are the ports of North and Baltic Sea across which the majority of foreign trade of the eastern states of Central Europe is carried out, although being in the close vicinity to the Adriatic.
The purpose of this paper is to define the basic issues and opportunities challenging the modern development of the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje, their causes and effects. The processes of ...depopulation affected this poorly developed rural region since 1960s, which had been influenced by various factors: development polarisation caused by intensive development of tourism, the poor traffic infrastructure in the highland-area of the Municipality and the unsolved water supply issue. In 1990s a series of events intensified negative demographic trends as follows: aggression on Croatia, occupation during which residential, economic and infrastructural buildings were destroyed and burnt, as well as an earthquake which happened after the return of the refugees. The long-lasting rural emigration from this region towards Dubrovnik caused not only an instantaneous decrease of population but also a contraction of the renewing basis and an accelerated decrease of natural growth in the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje. In that way the emigrational depopulation as a consequence of a specific socioeconomic development, became the cause of the current biological depopulation. The intensity of the depopulation processes has been established by an analysis of a total population dynamics and the changes in biological and economic population structure. The conclusion of the study indicates activities which have promising development in the Municipality of Dubrovačko Primorje and which might partly stop the negative demographic trends. Those are mainly traditional activities in this region which are not commercially used enough. They should prevent any further emigration and perhaps even attract those who immigrated, back to their place of birth.
Svrha je ovog rada s geografskog aspekta utvrditi osnovne probleme i mogućnosti u suvremenom razvoju općine Dubrovačko primorje, njihove uzroke i posljedice. Depopulacijski procesi zahvatili su ovaj ...ruralni, slabo razvijeni kraj 1960-ih godina, na što su utjecali brojni čimbenici: polarizirani razvoj bivše općine Dubrovnik poradi intenzivnog razvoja turizma, loša prometna infrastruktura u brdskom dijelu općine, te neriješeno pitanje vodoopskrbe. Niz događaja pojačao je 1990-ih godina negativne demografske trendove: agresija na Hrvatsku, okupacija tijekom koje su porušeni i spaljeni stambeni, gospodarski i infrastrukturni objekti, potres nakon povratka prognanika. Dugotrajno iseljavanje iz ovog kraja prema Dubrovniku nije uzrokovalo samo trenutno smanjenje broja stanovnika već i sužavanje obnoviteljske osnovice te ubrzano smanjenje prirodnog prirasta stanovništva u općini Dubrovačko primorje. Tako je emigracijska depopulacija, kao posljedica specifičnoga društveno-gospodarskog razvoja, postala uzrok sadašnje prirodne depopulacije. Intenzitet depopulacijskih procesa utvrđen je analizom ukupnog kretanja broja stanovnika te promjene biološke i ekonomske strukture stanovništva. Na kraju se navode djelatnosti koje u općini Dubrovačko primorje imaju perspektive za razvoj, a koje bi donekle mogle zaustaviti negativne demografske trendove. To su uglavnom djelatnosti koje u ovom kraju imaju tradiciju, ali nisu dovoljno komercijalno korištene. One bi trebale zaustaviti daljnje iseljavanje i eventualno privući u rodni kraj one koji su iselili.
Kontejnerski promet ima dominantnu ulogu u prijevozu generalnog tereta jer integrira različite oblike prijevoza u
jedinstven prijevozni lanac. Razlog je tome jednostavnije rukovanje teretom i kraće ...zadržavanje brodova u luci, čime
se smanjuju troškovi prekrcaja, a to pak utječe na smanjenje vozarina, što privlači sve više korisnika. Zbog svega toga
kontejnerski se promet smatra najperspektivnijim oblikom prijevoza tereta.
Sredozemno je more iznimno važno za kontejnerski promet jer njime prolazi jedna od triju najvažnijih trgovačkih ruta
na relaciji istok - zapad, a to je ona što povezuje Europu s Bliskim, Srednjim i Dalekim Istokom. S obzirom na to da u
linijskome pomorskom prometu postoji trend racionalizacije broja ticanja luka poradi smanjenja troškova, sredozemne
luke koje su u blizini glavnoga plovidbenog puta između Sueskog kanala i Gibraltara, preuzele su funkciju glavnih
prekrcajnih kontejnerskih luka. Distribucija kontejnera iz tih luka prema udaljenijim lukama unutar sredozemnoga
bazena odvija se redovitim feeder-linijama.
Kontejnerski promet na Jadranu pojavljuje se krajem 1970-ih godina i najintenzivniji je u sjevernojadranskim lukama
jer one imaju najbolje prometne veze s gravitacijskim zaleđem, to jest sa zemljama Srednje Europe. Međutim, iako im
je iznimno povoljan geografski položaj u usporedbi s prometnim tijekovima između Europe i Istoka, sjevernojadranske
luke tu prednost nedostatno iskorištavaju. Dokaz je tome činjenica da su im glavni konkurenti luke Sjevernog i
Baltičkog mora preko kojih se odvija većina vanjske trgovine država na istoku Srednje Europe, iako im je Jadransko
more puno bliže.
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