Making composites with modification of MOF transforms them to the best candidate for detection of different items.
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a kind of porous materials in ...which metal ions or clusters are linked by organic ligands. Their excellent properties including large surface area, tunable pore dimension, and structure, possessing active sites, high thermal and chemical stability lead to various applications containing catalysis, gas storage, drug delivery, absorption, and sensing for different molecules. Making composites with modification of MOF could transform them into the best candidate for the detection of different items such as biomolecules, cations, anions, gas molecules, organic compound and so on. In this review, we will consider the constructed MOF-based composites and their performance in electrochemical and luminescent-based detection performances.
Abstract
In the present research, magnetic rhamnolipid-Co/Al layered double hydroxide (MR-LDH) was synthesized to uptake methylene blue (MB) and reactive orange 16 (RO16) from aqueous solution. The ...main parameters, including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and initial analyte concentration, were optimized to achieve the best adsorption efficiency. Accordingly, the elimination of MB on MR-LDH is improved in the basic medium due to the electrostatic interactions between the negative charge of MR-LDH and the positive charge of MB dye. In contrast, the acidic medium (pH = 3) was favored for RO16 adsorption because of hydrogen bonding between the protonated form of azo dye and protonated hydroxyl groups at the surface of MR-LDH. The calculated maximum adsorption capacities for MB and RO16 were 54.01 and 53.04 mg/g at 313 K, respectively. The Langmuir model, which assumes monolayer adsorption on the adsorbent surface, provides the best explanation for the adsorption of both dyes (R
2
= 0.9991 for MB and R
2
= 0.9969 for RO16). Moreover, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the adsorption process for MB (R
2
= 0.9970) and RO16 (R
2
= 0.9941). The proposed adsorbent maintains stable adsorption performance for four consecutive cycles. After each adsorption process, MR-LDH is easily separated by an external magnet. The findings show that MR-LDH was found to be an excellent adsorbent for the removal of both cationic and anionic organic dyes from aqueous solutions.
COVID-19 is an acute respiratory infection accompanied by pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has affected millions of people globally. To date, ...there are no highly efficient therapies for this infection. Probiotic bacteria can interact with the gut microbiome to strengthen the immune system, enhance immune responses, and induce appropriate immune signaling pathways. Several probiotics have been confirmed to reduce the duration of bacterial or viral infections. Immune fitness may be one of the approaches by which protection against viral infections can be reinforced. In general, prevention is more efficient than therapy in fighting viral infections. Thus, probiotics have emerged as suitable candidates for controlling these infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, any approach with the capacity to induce mucosal and systemic reactions could potentially be useful. Here, we summarize findings regarding the effectiveness of various probiotics for preventing virus-induced respiratory infectious diseases, especially those that could be employed for COVID-19 patients. However, the benefits of probiotics are strain-specific, and it is necessary to identify the bacterial strains that are scientifically established to be beneficial.
Owing to their enriched host-guest chemistry and high porosity, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) applied extensively in the detection of a large variety of hazardous chemicals, especially metal ...ions, using different instrumental methods, such as photoluminescence. In this study, two pillar-layered MOFs, Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO) and its amine-functionalized isostructure, Cu2(NH2-BDC)2(DABCO), were successfully prepared to highlight the amino group role in the metal ions sensing via exploiting photoluminescence-based method. These materials could recognize copper(II) cations efficiently by changing the luminescent response in less than 20 minutes. With increasing the concentration of Cu(II) solution, first, the luminescent response changes occurred intensely, then equilibrium was reached and no more changes were observed. In the presence of other metal cations, the sensors almost recognized the analyte selectively. At the end of the experimental tests, the reasonable mechanism of sensing was proposed using FTIR spectroscopy and PXRD patterns. They confirmed that the introduction of analyte does not collapse the structure, so just the chemical interaction between the walls of pores and Cu(II) ions are responsible for the purposed application.
Background
Brucellosis is a major zoonosis all over the world. MicroRNAs are significant gene expression regulators and could be involved during the infections and also genetic alterations in the ...miRNAs sequence can affect primary miRNAs and precursor miRNAs processing and thus alter miRNAs expression. Current research studied the impact of the miR-146a polymorphism on miR-146a,
TRAF-6
, and
IRAK-1
genes expression in patients with brucellosis illness.
Methods and results
In this research, 25 patients with brucellosis and 25 healthy participants with determined genotypes for miR-SNP rs2910164 and miR-SNP rs57095329 were recruited.
IRAK-1
,
TRAF-6
, and miR-146a expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were specified by quantitative real- time PCR (qRT-PCR). Moreover, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) serum levels were assessed by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. There was no significant difference in the expression level of miR-146a,
IRAK-1,
and
TRAF-6
, among the patients with brucellosis and control group.
TRAF-6
PBMCs expression levels in the distinctive genotypes of rs2910164 were significantly observed in patients (
P
= 0.048). No significant distinctions were found in miR-146a,
IRAK-1
, and
TRAF-6
expression levels and among the rs57095329 different genotypes in brucellosis patients and controls. Meanwhile, no significant relationship was found between the rs2910164 and rs57095329 genotypes and the serum level of cytokines mentioned between the two groups. We did not find any association between expression of
TRAF-6
, miR-146a, and
IRAK-1
in PBMCs, and cytokines serum levels with two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miR-146a.
Conclusions
To the best of writers’ knowledge, this research is the first one evaluating the probable link between the miR-146a rs2910164 and rs57095329 variant with miRNAs, relevant cytokine levels, and target genes in brucellosis.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common types of DNA changes in the human genome that leading to phenotypic differences in humans. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are usually affected by ...various bacterial infections, and they are involved in controlling the immune responses. MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) plays an essential role in the development of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between risk of brucellosis and genetic variations in miR-146a.
This case-control study was conducted on 108 Brucellosis patients and 108 healthy controls. We genotyped two SNPs (rs2910164 and rs57095329) of the miR-146a using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) methods.
The rs2910164 SNP was significantly associated with brucellosis in co-dominant OR = 4.27, 95% CI = (2.35-7.79, P = 0.001 and dominant OR = 3.52, 95% CI = (1.97-6.30, P = 0.001 models. Co-dominant (P = 0.047) and recessive (P = 0.018) models were significant at position rs57095329 between the two groups of patient and healthy. The A C haplotype (rs2910164 and rs57095329) was associated with brucellosis in the assessed population OR (95% CI) = 1.98 (1.22-3.20), P = 0.0059.
Consequently, our study demonstrated significant differences in genotype and haplotype frequencies of miR-146a variants between brucellosis patients and controls. Further studies on the larger sample sizes are required to verify the observed associations.
In this review, we will focus on the recent research progresses about the effects of ligand functionalization in MOFs for enhanced CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity including both experimental ...results and molecular simulation studies.
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The carbon dioxide challenge is one of the most pressing problems facing our planet. Physisorption between certain adsorbents and CO2 molecules could allow conveniently reversible processes to capture CO2 gas. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently attracted intense research interest because of their permanent porous structures, large surface areas, and potential applications as novel adsorbents. Tuning the interior pores of MOFs to improve their adsorption characteristics is considered an effective approach to enhance gas adsorption/separation performance. Recently, there is a growing interest to explore the impact of grafting functional groups with variable polarities (NH2, OH, CO2H, CF3, SO3H, NO2,…) onto the surfaces of MOFs through their organic ligands or directly coordinated to open metal centers on the CO2 capture/separation performance. Ligand functionalization in MOFs has been demonstrated to enhance gas adsorption and while ligand functionalization does not change the overall structure of the frameworks, it can influence the gas uptake behavior. In this review, we show how ligand functionalization influences the CO2 affinity and adsorption capacity of MOFs. The comparisons drawn in this review have sought to provide a roadmap for the future development of functionalized MOFs.
IL‐17is one of the most important inflammatory cytokines that stimulate immunity responses in humans infected with Brucella species, acting as a regulator that reduces release of γ‐IFN, thus ...increasing resistance to brucellosis. Gene polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of cytokine‐encoding genes affect the amountsof cytokines produced and play a fundamental role in infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the association between IL‐17 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to brucellosis. In this case‐control study, 86 patients with brucellosis and 86 healthy persons in Hamadan, western Iran, from September 2014 to September 2016, were included. IL‐17 genetic variants at positions rs4711998 A/G, rs8193036 C/T, rs3819024 A/G, rs2275913 A/G, rs3819025 A/G, rs8193038 A/G, rs3804513 A/T, rs1974226 A/G and rs3748067 A/G were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism‐PCR. Serum IL‐17 titers were measured by sandwich ELISA. GG genotypes at positions rs4711998 and rs3748067 were present significantly more frequently in patients with brucellosis than in controls (P < 0.05). The AA genotype at positions rs4711998, rs2275913 and rs3748067 and GG genotype at position rs19744226 were present significantly more frequently in controls than in the patient group. These results suggest that the AA genotype at positions rs3748067, rs3819025 and rs4711998 and GG genotype at position rs3819024 are likely protective factors against brucellosis, whereas the GG genotype at positions rs3748067, rs3819025 and rs4711998 and AA genotype at position rs3819024 may be risk factors against the disease. No significant relationships were found between serum IL‐17 titers and genotypes of the single‐nucleotide polymorphisms.
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