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•Stable NRR and ORR of 5.95 kg N/m3/day and 0.77 kg DOC/m3/day were achieved.•EEM-PARAFAC model is an efficient way to identify the species and content of rDOM during ANAMMOX ...process.•A novel metabolism mechanism of rDOM in ANAMMOX reactor was established.•Anaerolineaceae is possible primary degraders for rDOM.
This study applied combined spectroscopy techniques to assess rDOM compositional characteristic and investigated its transformation mechanisms during the treatment of mature landfill leachate by ANAMMOX process. A novel rDOM metabolism mechanism was proposed in this study for the first time. A stable, high nitrogen removal rate of 5.95 kg N/m3/day and a rDOM conversion efficiency of 51% were achieved in ANAMMOX reactor (AR). In additionally, the initial rDOM removal was closely related to sludge adsorption, with the adsorption force mainly originating from electrostatic interaction and hydrophobicity. As the operating time increased, the removal mechanism of rDOM in the AR changed from adsorption to adsorption-biodegradation and finally stabilized. Furthermore, Anaerolineaceae, associated with the hydrophobic reaction, were the primary degraders for the rDOM and Candidatus Kuenenia dominated the nitrogen consumption. rDOM removal efficiency was suggested to be increased by a moderate enhancement of Anaerolineaceae content in the AR.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is a cost-effective process for treating highly nitrogenous wastewater. However, the fate of organic nitrogen during Anammox treatment is still unclear, which ...limits its practical application. In this work, the changes in the quality of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in coal liquefaction wastewater (CLW) during Anammox were studied in relation to its chemical composition, which was determined by Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). The molecular-level characterization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the Anammox sludge is also reported for the first time in this paper. The relative contribution of N-containing compounds to the total dissolved organic matter (DOM) determined by summating the normalized intensities exceeded 30%, highlighting the complexity of the nitrogenous compounds in the influent. Additionally, Anammox appeared to be better suited to removing DON compounds with fewer carbonyl or carboxyl groups, more aromatic structures, and higher oxidative properties. Lignin-like substances were verified as the predominant component of N-containing compounds in Anammox EPS, followed by protein and substances with condensed aromatic structures. DON compounds with higher degrees of saturation, lower molecular weight, and higher lignin-like properties were more prone to absorption by Anammox EPS. A series of microbe-mediated pathways were demonstrated to be responsible for DON biodegradation, which revealed the organic and inorganic nitrogen removal mechanisms in the Anammox reactor. The obtained results provide great support to the ongoing efforts to optimize the Anammox process.
•Quality change of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) during Anammox process was investigated by FT-ICR MS•Molecular-level characterization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of Anammox sludge was reported firstly•Anammox EPS mainly composed of lignin, followed by protein and substances with condensed aromatic structures•DON with higher saturation degrees, and higher lignin-like properties were more prone to absorption by Anammox EPS
Diabetes mellitus is the leading chronic disease in the world, and diabetic nephropathy (DN) as one of its complications could increase the mortality. The development of DN is associated to abnormal ...hemodynamic factors like cytokine networks and the intervention of metabolic risk factors like blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid. However, the pathogenesis of DN is still poorly understood. Although glucose-lowering drugs and insulins have significant effects on blood glucose, the fluctuation of blood glucose or other risk factors could continuously damage the kidney. Recent studies reported that the progression of DN is closely related to the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which is important for the early diagnosis and targeted intervention of DN. In this review, we briefly summarize the published studies on the functions and potential mechanism of reported lncRNA in the regulation of DN.
•Male NAFLD patients with hyperuricemia displayed more frequent and extensive liver injury than their female counterparts.•This may potentially explain the male predominance of hepatocellular ...carcinoma pending confirmation in more studies.•Serum uric acids (SUA) was positively correlated with key clinical parameters in NALFD patients.•A NAFLD rat model with hyperuricemia was successfully established.•UA may promote hepatic injury in NAFLD through suppressing SIRT1 signaling.
Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, the effect of gender on the hyperuricemia-related NAFLD development remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the clinical characteristics of NAFLD patients with hyperuricemia, and experimentally recapitulated this condition in male rats in order to gain insights on the possible impact of gender on the development of NAFLD in patients with hyperuricemia.
The clinical characteristics of 238 NAFLD patients, together with the impacts of hyperuricemia on the major parameters related to the development of NALFD were analysed. In animal studies, NAFLD with hyperuricemia was induced in male SD rats using high-yeast high-fat diet containing potassium oxonate. The impact of uric acids on liver pathology, and the expression patterns of key molecules involved in the development of NAFLD, including silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65 (NF-κB p65), fork-head box class O-3a (FOXO3a), androgen receptor (AR), and xanthine oxidase (XO) were analysed.
Male NAFLD patients with hyperuricemia displayed more frequent and extensive liver injury than those in female patients. In male rats, hyperuricemia was associated with increased levels of insulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and triglyceride (TG). At the molecular level, hyperuricemia was associated with decreased expression of SIRT1 and its phosphorylation, phosphorylation of FOXO3a, increased expression of AR and XO, and deacetylation of NF-κB P65.
Hyperuricemia is a compounding factor for NAFLD, particularly in males. The severer hepatic injury observed in male NAFLD patients may be attributed to the suppression of SIRT1 signalling induced by hyperuricemia.
Background Hyperuricemia is a recognised risk factor for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of resveratrol (RES) on the ...treatment of hyperuricemia-related NAFLD in rats and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods NAFLD with hyperuricemia was induced in rats using high-yeast high-fat diet containing potassium oxonate. The impact of RES on liver pathology, and the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), fork-head box class O-3a (FOXO3a), and nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65 (NF-κB p65) was analysed.
Results RES significantly improved liver histology and reversed serum biochemical abnormalities. At the molecular level, RES improved insulin resistance (IR), inhibited hepatic steatosis, reduced oxidative stress and liver inflammation, and these effects were likely mediated through SIRT1-mediated FOXO3a phosphorylation and NF-κB P65 deacetylation.
Conclusions Resveratrol is a promising agent for the treatment of hyperuricemia-related NAFLD through activating SIRT1 pathways.
Though evidence has revealed the beneficial effects of cognitive improvement interventions on breastfeeding, the effect of psychological interventions has rarely been studied. This study aims to test ...whether promoting a positive emotion intervention, 'Three Good Things' intervention, during the last trimester of pregnancy can enhance early colostrum secretion and breastfeeding behaviours by modulating the hormones associated with lactation (prolactin and insulin-like growth factor I). We will attempt to promote exclusive breastfeeding by using physiological behavioural measures.
This study is designed as a randomised controlled trial conducted in the Women's Hospital School of Medicine at Zhejiang University and the Wuyi First People's Hospital. The participants will be randomly divided into two groups using stratified random grouping: the intervention group will receive 'Three Good Things' intervention, while the control group will write about three things that come to mind first. These interventions will be continued from enrolment until the day of delivery. Maternal blood hormone levels will be tested approaching delivery and the following day after birth. Behavioural information about breastfeeding will be collected 1 week afterwards.
The study has been approved by the Ethics Committees of the Women's Hospital School of Medicine at Zhejiang University and the Wuyi First People's Hospital. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals or international academic conferences.
ChiCTR2000038849.
Vogesella species are common aquatic, Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, originally described in 1997. Vogesella perlucida was first isolated from spring water in 2008. Furthermore, bacterial ...pathogenicity of Vogesella perlucida has never been reported. Here, we report the first case of rare Vogesella perlucida-induced bacteremia in an advanced-age patient with many basic diseases and history of dexamethasone abuse. Traditional microbiological testing system may be inadequate in the diagnosis of rare pathogenic bacteria. Applications of molecular diagnostics techniques have great advantages in clinical microbiology laboratory. By using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we report the the first case of rare Vogesella perlucida-induced bacteremia.
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant and important internal modification site of RNA methylation in viruses and eukaryotic. m6A RNA methylation plays key roles in the regulation of ...post-transcriptional gene expression, including messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). And m6A methylation regulates the various aspects of RNA metabolism, including structure, maturation, stability, splicing, export, translation and decay. Liver is a vital metabolic and digestive organ in the pathophysiological processes. Recent studies suggested that m6A RNA modification highly regulates hepatic function and development of liver diseases. Here, we aim to summarize the biological and clinical significance of m6A modification in hepatic growth and hepatic disease including viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and liver cancer.
•m6A RNA methylation highly regulates the post-transcriptional gene expression.•m6A regulation of RNA like message RNA and noncoding RNA plays important roles in liver.•Methylated m6A level may be potential indicator for early diagnosis of hepatitis, and liver cancer.•Many promising agents can be used to target m6A in the treatment of liver diseases.
This study combined spectroscopy techniques to assess the composition of refractory organics and highlighted the potential application of excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy ...within future monitoring of coal chemical wastewater treatment by the anammox process. The results showed that the anammox process could effectively degrade refractory organic substances, with fulvic-like, UV-humic acid, and Vis-humic acid component removal efficiencies of 43.61, 53.93, and 100%, respectively. In this study, EEM fluorescence spectroscopy was proven to be an effective method of assessing the removal of dissolved organic nitrogen during anammox treatment of mature coal chemical wastewater. Furthermore, remarkable accumulation (9.3–16.2%) of
Ca. Kuenenia
occurred in the anammox granules that underwent long-term cultivation in mature coal chemical wastewater, which provided the high nitrogen removal rate. The abundance of
Anaerolineaceae
and
Bacteroides
was vital in refractory organic degradation.
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