Neutron diffraction measurements have been carried out to investigate the magnetic form factor of the parent SrFe2As2 system of the iron-based superconductors. The general feature is that the form ...factor is approximately isotropic in wave vector, indicating that multiple d-orbitals of the iron atoms are occupied as expected based on band theory. Inversion of the diffraction data suggests that there is some elongation of the spin density toward the As atoms. We have also extended the diffraction measurements to investigate a possible jump in the c-axis lattice parameter at the structural phase transition, but find no detectable change within the experimental uncertainties.
To maintain membrane homeostasis, ruminal bacteria synthesize branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) or their derivatives (vinyl ethers) that are recovered during methylation procedures as branched-chain ...aldehydes (BCALD). Many strains of cellulolytic bacteria require 1 or more branched-chain volatile fatty acid (BCVFA). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate BCVFA incorporation into bacterial lipids under different dietary conditions. The study was an incomplete block design with 8 continuous culture fermenters used in 4 periods with treatments (n = 4) arranged as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial. The factors were high (HF) or low forage (LF, 67 or 33% forage, 33:67 alfalfa:orchardgrass), without or with supplemental corn oil (CO; 3% dry matter, 1.5% linoleic fatty acid), and without or with 2.15 mmol/d (5 mg/d
C each of isovalerate, isobutyrate, and 2-methylbutyrate). After methylation of bacterial pellets collected from each fermenter's effluent, fatty acids and fatty aldehydes were separated before analysis by gas chromatography and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Supplementation of BCVFA did not influence biohydrogenation extent. Label was only recovered in branched-chain lipids. Lower forage inclusion decreased BCFA in bacterial fatty acid profile from 9.45% with HF to 7.06% with LF and decreased BCALD in bacterial aldehyde profile from 55.4% with HF to 51.4% with LF. Supplemental CO tended to decrease iso even-chain BCFA and decreased iso even-chain BCALD in their bacterial lipid profiles. The main 18:1 isomer was cis-9 18:1, which increased (P < 0.01) by 25% from CO (data not shown). Dose recovery in bacterial lipids was 43.3% lower with LF than HF. Supplemental CO decreased recovery in the HF diet but increased recovery with LF (diet × CO interaction). Recovery from anteiso odd-chain BCFA and BCALD was the greatest; therefore, 2-methylbutyrate was the BCVFA primer most used for branched-chain lipid synthesis. Recovery in iso odd-chain fatty acids (isovalerate as primer) was greater than label recovery in iso even-chain fatty acids (isobutyrate as primer). Fatty aldehydes were less than 6% of total bacterial lipids, but 26.0% of
C recovered in lipids were recovered in BCALD because greater than 50% of aldehydes were branched-chain. Because BCFA and BCALD are important in the function and growth of bacteria, especially cellulolytics, BCVFA supplementation can support the rumen microbial consortium, increasing fiber degradation and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis.
Aims We investigated whether routine T-stenting reduces restenosis of the side branch as compared with provisional T-stenting in patients with de novo coronary bifurcation lesions. Methods and ...results Our randomized study assigned 101 patients with a coronary bifurcation lesion to routine T-stenting with sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) in both branches and 101 patients to provisional T-stenting with SES placement in the main branch followed by kissing-balloon angioplasty and provisional SES placement in the side branch only for inadequate results. Primary endpoint was per cent diameter stenosis of the side branch at 9 month angiographic follow-up. Angiographic follow-up in 192 (95%) patients revealed a per cent stenosis of the side branch of 23.0 ± 20.2% after provisional T-stenting (19% with side-branch stent) and of 27.7 ± 24.8% (P = 0.15) after routine T-stenting (98.2% with side-branch stent). The corresponding binary restenosis rates were 9.4 and 12.5% (P = 0.32), prompting re-intervention in 5.0 and 7.9% (P = 0.39), respectively. In the main branch, binary restenosis rates were 7.3% after provisional and 3.1% after routine T-stenting (P = 0.17). The overall 1 year incidence of target lesion re-intervention was 10.9% after provisional and 8.9% after routine T-stenting (P = 0.64). Conclusions Routine T-stenting with SES did not improve the angiographic outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention of coronary bifurcation lesions as compared with stenting of the main branch followed by kissing-balloon angioplasty and provisional side-branch stenting.
In patients with suspected heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), invasive exercise testing may be considered when measurements at rest are inconclusive. However, the prognostic ...impact of invasive exercise testing is uncertain, so far.
We retrospectively analysed mortality in 355 patients mean age 61.2 ± 11.3 years, 235 (66.2%) women with unexplained dyspnoea and suspected HFpEF. During an invasive haemodynamic stress test pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) at rest and the PCWP response to exercise, expressed as the ratio of PCWP at peak exercise to workload normalized to body weight PCWL (mmHg/W/kg), were recorded. Both PCWP at rest and PCWL were significant and independent predictors of long-term mortality. Adding PCWL to PCWP at rest improved reclassification of patients into survivors or non-survivors with a net reclassification improvement (NRI) of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.29-0.83; P < 0.001). Ten-year mortality was 6.6% in subjects with low PCWP at rest (≤ 12 mmHg) and low PCWL (≤ 25.5 mmHg/W/kg); 28.2% in patients with low PCWP and high PCWL and 35.2% in those with high PCWP and high PCWL. Compared with patients with low PCWP and low PCWL, the adjusted hazard ratio for mortality was 2.37 (95% CI: 1.09-5.17; P = 0.029) for the low-PCWP/high-PCWL group and 4.75 (95% CI: 1.90-11.84; P < 0.001) for patients with high PCWP/high PCWL.
In patients with suspected HFpEF, invasive exercise testing substantially improves prediction of long-term mortality. An excessive rise of PCWP during exercise despite normal PCWP at rest is associated with increased mortality and may be considered as early HFpEF.
Highlights • Sorting of secretory cargo at the TGN takes place by selective aggregation and sorting receptors. • Novel secretory cargo sorting pathway by ADF/cofilin, actin, Ca2+ , and Cab45. • ...ADF/cofilin and actin modulate the pumping activity of the Ca2+ ATPase SPCA1 on the TGN surface. • Ca2+ and Cab45 sort secretory proteins in the lumen of the TGN.
Register and Rhetoric Kienzle, Alec
Dead Sea discoveries : a journal of current research on the scrolls and related literature,
10/2020, Letnik:
27, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract
Despite 4
QMMT
having been informally called a “Halakhic Letter” since its first publication, more recently some scholars have expressed skepticism as to the original genre of this text. ...This article aims to provide empirical and theoretical support for what one might call the orthodox position: that this text was in fact a letter originally. By means of a detailed linguistic comparison between 4
QMMT
and the Damascus Document, it will be shown that despite many surface similarities between these texts in terms of structure and rhetoric, they present extremely divergent grammars. This in turn raises a fundamental question: how could two texts likely produced by the same community be so different linguistically? It will be argued that the most plausible explanation is that these two texts were written in distinct registers in order to accommodate to distinct literary genres. While the language of
MMT
can reasonably be called closer to the contemporary vernacular, the Damascus Document seems to be patterned after the language of the higher register of biblical narrative. From here, sociolinguistic research will be employed in an effort to show that the epistolary genre reliably reflects a lower register across languages and cultures, thereby justifying the orthodox position with respect to
MMT
.
Register and Rhetoric Kienzle, Alec
Dead Sea discoveries : a journal of current research on the scrolls and related literature,
10/2020, Letnik:
27, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract
Despite 4QMMT having been informally called a "Halakhic Letter" since its first publication, more recently some scholars have expressed skepticism as to the original genre of this text. This ...article aims to provide empirical and theoretical support for what one might call the orthodox position: that this text was in fact a letter originally. By means of a detailed linguistic comparison between 4QMMT and the Damascus Document, it will be shown that despite many surface similarities between these texts in terms of structure and rhetoric, they present extremely divergent grammars. This in turn raises a fundamental question: how could two texts likely produced by the same community be so different linguistically? It will be argued that the most plausible explanation is that these two texts were written in distinct registers in order to accommodate to distinct literary genres. While the language of MMT can reasonably be called closer to the contemporary vernacular, the Damascus Document seems to be patterned after the language of the higher register of biblical narrative. From here, sociolinguistic research will be employed in an effort to show that the epistolary genre reliably reflects a lower register across languages and cultures, thereby justifying the orthodox position with respect to MMT.
On echocardiography approximately one-third of patients with severe aortic valve stenosis based on aortic valve area (AVA<1.0 cm(2)) demonstrate a non-severe mean pressure gradient (DeltaPm; < or =40 ...mm Hg) despite apparently normal left ventricular function. It has been suggested that inconsistent echocardiographic grading may be due to 'paradoxical' low stroke volume. However, the correct echocardiographic assessment of stroke volume hinges on the often problematic measurement of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) diameter.
To investigate whether inconsistent grading and reduced stroke volume persist when the quantification of aortic valve stenosis is based on cardiac catheterisation which is independent of LVOT measurements.
333 consecutive patients underwent cardiac catheterisation within 30 days after their index echocardiography showing an AVA < or =2 cm(2) and shortening fraction > or =30%. On invasive testing 85 patients (26%) demonstrated inconsistent (AVA<1 cm(2) and DeltaPm< or =40 mm Hg) and 153 (46%) consistent grading (AVA<1 cm(2) and DeltaPm>40 mm Hg) with the remainder (28%) presenting with a calculated AVA> or =1 cm(2). Inconsistently graded patients were older (71 vs 67 years, p<0.006) with no differences in sex or body surface area between groups. Stroke volume and stroke volume index were significantly lower in inconsistently graded patients (63+/-14 vs 73+/-18 ml and 35+/-7 vs 39+/-7 ml/m(2), respectively, both p<0.001). However, 41/85 (48%) of inconsistently graded patients had a normal stroke volume index >35 ml/m(2).
In the framework of current guidelines inconsistent grading of aortic valve stenosis is common, extends to cardiac catheterisation and is only partially explained by low stroke volume despite apparently normal left ventricular systolic function.
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