In economic relations, man acts both as creator and consumer of values. As a creator he applies his human capital in them. The aim of the study is to contribute to clarifying these starting points ...from the aspect of economic theory. The first chapter is devoted to man and his education in the process of value production. W. Petty viewed man directly as (human) capital; A. Smith viewed man as the bearer of this capital; but in the latter case it can be assumed that part of the investment in education is consumed. The second chapter is devoted to a man in the process of consumption of the goods of education. Man as a consumer of the values (goods) of education can be seen in terms of cardinalist or ordinalist theory. The result of the study is a better understanding of these theoretical underpinnings of economic science, allowing practical questions about the financing of education to be addressed with greater competence.
In various sciences, the term legitimacy is used with differing meanings. In practice, in law it is the legitimacy of the legislative act, in political science it is the legitimacy of power, etc. ...Even the term interest, or public interest,, is interpreted differently in various sciences (in law, economics, political science, etc.). In public policy theory, P. Rosanvallon’s understanding of democratic legitimacy proves to be productive, together with F. W. Scharpf’s input and output legitimacy, which leads to a differentiation between the input legitimacy of group interests and the output legitimacy of interests, legitimated by the public.
The main objective of this article is to present a theoretical framework for the relevant historical, economic, demographic, and political factors influencing the transformation of social care ...services for the elderly in Slovakia. A major restructuring of the social care services for the elderly is necessitated by the aging of the Slovak population (demographic reason), the path dependency of the current Slovak elderly care system (historical reason), the growing purchasing power of older people and the general population (economic reason), and new requirements formulated by the European Union and the general public (political reason). Historical documents, legislative acts, strategic documents, international project documents, and statistics were reviewed, and 34 open-ended interviews within the framework of two case studies were carried out in order to obtain qualitative and quantitative data. The theoretical framework and the results based on those interviews indicate that the Slovak social care service for the elderly may turn out to become more similar to the advanced Central European systems, but also that prompt legislative and financial changes are required. Nevertheless, the future direction can only be more precisely identified when more case studies can be compared with one another.
The authors present the formation and development of the Ukrainian national education system in Slovakia after the World War II, which was determined by its results and new political conditions. The ...founding of Russian schools in Eastern Slovakia did not correspond to the wishes of part of the Ruthenian population, and their preference was a source of permanent tension. The authors of this article analyse the personnel, material and technical problems related to the development of Ukrainian (Russian) schools as well as the activities of political and state authorities in their solution. The introduction of the Ukrainian language as the language of instruction disrupted the consolidation in this area and increased dissatisfaction in many municipalities. The efforts to persuade people or various administrative obstacles could not prevent the change of the language of instruction from Ukrainian to Slovak.
Pojam socijalne pravde koristi se u socijalnim politikama kao primarno i glavno načelo bez dostatnog objašnjenja pojma pravde. U ovom radu opisuje se kako se pojam pravde tumači u teologiji, ...filozofiji, pravu i ekonomiji te se ta tumačenja ocjenjuju iz perspektive (1) svođenja pravde na opreku nepravdi, odnosno dualističkog tumačenja tog pojma ili iz perspektive (2) prema kojoj pravda nema svoju oprečnost, odnosno monističkog tumačenja. S obzirom na to, u radu se preporučuje da se u socijalnim politikama koriste preciznija parcijalna načela poput zasluga, solidarnosti, participacije i sl. umjesto dualističkog i širokog tumačenja načela socijalne pravde. Primjena načela pravde u monističkom smislu preporučuje se tek kao posljednje i krajnje načelo u osmišljavanju sustava socijalne politike.
W artykule zawarto przegląd genezy i rozwoju polityki publicznej jako oddzielnej dyscypliny naukowej w kontekście europejskim, szczególnie w środowisku nauk politycznych, w wyniku zmian w ...obiektywnej rzeczywistości oraz rozwoju metod, wśród których dominuje wpływ socjologii. Porównano ten rozwój, który opóźnił się w Europie Środkowej w relacji do Europy Zachodniej o kilka dziesięcioleci, i przeanalizowano przyczyny i konsekwencje tego przesunięcia, szczególnie w Czechach, na Słowacji i w Polsce. Podczas gdy w Czechach i na Słowacji nauki polityczne powstały faktycznie dopiero w latach 90., w Polsce z odrębną tradycją stały się tylko jednym ze źródeł kształtowania polityki publicznej (a niektórzy naukowcy nawet to odrzucili), a podstawą dla niej stały się polityka społeczna, nauka administracyjna i bezpośrednio poszczególne dyscypliny socjologiczne (np. socjotechnika) itp. Rezultatem tego jest częściowo odmienny rozwój tej nowej dyscypliny naukowej. Artykuł może być zatem źródłem inspiracji dla takiego kształtowania polityki publicznej w Polsce, która będzie bliższa jej profilowi w krajach Europy Środkowej. Z drugiej strony polskie doświadczenia są również wielką inspiracją dla otaczających państw.
The study is a response to the events organized on the occasion of the anniversary of the 1938 and 1939 historical events in the interwar Czechoslovakia, which determined further development trends ...throughout the Central European Space. The author has sought to find a connection between the open denial of democratic principles in the management and administration of society on the territory of the former Czechoslovakia at the end of the thirties of the last century and its development in the coming decades. In this sense he presents the constitutional and legal aspects of development on the territory of Czechoslovakia after its disintegration in mid-March 1939. He shows how the situation has evolved in Slovakia, in Subcarpathian Rus´ as well as in the territory that became the protectorate of Nazi Germany. It therefore analyses the Constitution of the Slovak Republic, describes the political relations in Subcarpathian Rus´ after the establishment of autonomy and its integration into Hungary. S. Konečný also presents the situation in Bohemia and Moravia after the declaration of the Protectorate and the establishment of the German administration on this territory. He criticizes the authoritarian and totalitarian elements in the political and legal systems in these regions that were part of Czechoslovakia. In the opinion of the author, it was precisely these that caused negative developments and some conflicts that they were stepping up during the Second World War and have been the cause of many losses, injustices and tragedies. Concerns, ambitions, but sometimes also efforts to rehabilitate ideology and politics in the post-war period have often led to new deformations that also affect our presence.
The authors present the formation and development of the Ukrainian national edu- cation system in Slovakia after the World War II, which was determined by its results and new political conditions. ...The founding of Russian schools in Eastern Slovakia did not correspond to the wishes of part of the Ruthenian population, and their preference was a source of permanent tension. The authors of this article analyse the personnel, material and technical problems related to the development of Ukrainian (Russian) schools as well as the activities of political and state authorities in their solution. The introduction of the Ukrainian language as the language of instruction disrupted the consolidation in this area and increased dissatisfaction in many muni- cipalities. The efforts to persuade people or various administrative obstacles could not prevent the change of the language of instruction from Ukrainian to Slovak.
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