Cilj. Cilj je rada bio ispitati u kojoj su mjeri filmovi koji su najbolje ocijenjeni od strane gledatelja, prema Internet Movie Database (IMDb) popisu, zastupljeni u zbirkama Gradske knjižnice ...Rijeka, Gradske knjižnice Marka Marulića u Splitu i Knjižnica grada Zagreba. Također, cilj je rada bio istražiti raznolikost filmova s IMDb popisa koji su dostupni u spomenutim knjižnicama, s obzirom na državu podrijetla i vrijeme nastanka filma.
Metodologija. Korištena je metoda usporedbe kataloga odabranih knjižnica s popisom najboljih filmova prema ocjenama korisnika IMDb portala, jednog od najvažnijih mrežnih izvora podataka o filmovima. Istraživački podaci prikupljeni su tijekom 2021. godine.
Rezultati. Rezultati pokazuju da istražene knjižnice imaju otprilike 50 % do otprilike 70 % filmova s IMDb popisa u zbirkama. Utvrđeno je da knjižnice u svojim zbirkama primjetno češće imaju filmove iz SAD-a s IMDb popisa, u odnosu na filmove s istog popisa napravljene u drugim državama. S obzirom na vrijeme nastanka filmova, ne postoje značajnija odstupanja između filmova s IMDb popisa koji su u knjižnicama i filmova na samom IMDb popisu.
Praktična primjena. Rad sadrži prijedloge aktivnosti koji mogu doprinijeti izgradnji raznolikih filmskih zbirki.
Originalnost/vrijednost. Rad ukazuje na važnost i mogućnosti jačanja raznolikih filmskih zbirki. U radu je predstavljena i istražena tema koja je slabo zastupljena u literaturi.
Ključne riječi: filmske zbirke, Internet Movie Database (IMDb), kulturna raznolikost, narodne knjižnice
Znanstveni časopisi predstavljaju ključan medij za znanstveno komuniciranje, a za knjižničare izvor za analizu znanstvene produktivnost. Cilj je rada analizirati hrvatske znanstvene i stručne ...časopise iz polja ekonomije pomoću kvantitativnog pomagala Journal Citation Report (JCR) baze Web of Science i metrijskog pokazatelja SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) o časopisima u Scopusu. Svrha je rada omogućiti znanstvenicima iz ekonomije pregled zastupljenosti hrvatskih ekonomskih časopisa u relevantnim bazama. Uzorak obuhvaća 69 aktivnih časopisa iz ekonomije na Portalu hrvatskih znanstvenih i stručnih časopisa – Hrčak. Metodologija rada analiza je časopisa na Hrčku kako bi se saznalo koji su časopisi indeksirani u citatnim bazama Web of Science i Scopus, a zatim analiza prema parametrima: najbolje rangirani časopis prema čimbeniku odjeka u JCR i prema SJR indikatoru, najcitiraniji članak te najproduktivniji autori. Ovim istraživanjem dobio se uvid u hrvatske časopise indeksirane u bazama kategorije a1 prema Pravilniku o uvjetima za izbor u znanstvena zvanja te uvid u znanstvenu produktivnost znanstvenika unutar polja ekonomije.
U odgovoru na korona virus, vlade zemalja poduzimaju značajne intervencije u stabiliziranju gospodarstva, a poduzeća se pokušavaju prilagoditi promjenjivim potrebama svojih zaposlenika, kupaca i ...dobavljača. Poslovne aktivnosti se usporavaju i ne mogu se predvidjeti posljedice korona virusa. Međutim, jedna pozitivna stvar uzrokovana COVID-19 krizom je da su poslovni subjekti prisiljeni inovirati i analizirati načine poslovanja. Stoga je glavni cilj istraživanja bio utvrditi kako transformirati poslovne modele koji će omogućiti kreiranje novih vrijednosti za poslovne subjekte, kupce i društvo u cjelini nakon globalne pandemije uzrokovane virusom COVID-19. Istraživanje se temeljilo na kvalitativnim podacima prikupljenim analizom relevantnih sadržaja. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da će karakteristike poslovnih modela biti više fleksibilne (planiranje radne snage za rad na daljinu, fleksibilni ugovori s kupcima i dobavljačima, nova politika zapošljavanja), usmjerene na planiranje postupaka za ograničenje rizika i reakcija na krizne situacije, te će IT infrastruktura biti sigurnija, kao i zaštita i sigurnost ljudi. Nakon COVID-19 krize poslovni svijet će izgledati drugačije. U početku kaotično, no povijest pokazuje da tržišta i društvo postaju bolja i jača nakon globalnih kriza.
In the last decade, increasing evidence has emerged linking alterations in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because of the ...important role of BDNF in cognition and its association with AD pathogenesis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential difference in plasma BDNF concentrations between subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; N = 209) and AD patients (N = 295) and to determine the possible association between BDNF plasma levels and the degree of cognitive decline in these individuals. The results showed a significantly higher (
< 0.001) concentration of plasma BDNF in subjects with AD (1.16; 0.13-21.34) compared with individuals with MCI (0.68; 0.02-19.14). The results of the present study additionally indicated a negative correlation between cognitive functions and BDNF plasma concentrations, suggesting higher BDNF levels in subjects with more pronounced cognitive decline. The correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between BDNF plasma levels and both Mini-Mental State Examination (
< 0.001) and Clock Drawing test (
< 0.001) scores. In conclusion, the results of our study point towards elevated plasma BDNF levels in AD patients compared with MCI subjects, which may be due to the body's attempt to counteract the early and middle stages of neurodegeneration.
Dementia is a syndrome of global and progressive deterioration of cognitive skills, especially memory, learning, abstract thinking, and orientation, usually affecting the elderly. The most common ...forms are Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and other (frontotemporal, Lewy body disease) dementias. The etiology of these multifactorial disorders involves complex interactions of various environmental and (epi)genetic factors and requires multiple forms of pharmacological intervention, including anti-dementia drugs for cognitive impairment, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and sedatives for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, and other drugs for comorbid disorders. The pharmacotherapy of dementia patients has been characterized by a significant interindividual variability in drug response and the development of adverse drug effects. The therapeutic response to currently available drugs is partially effective in only some individuals, with side effects, drug interactions, intolerance, and non-compliance occurring in the majority of dementia patients. Therefore, understanding the genetic basis of a patient’s response to pharmacotherapy might help clinicians select the most effective treatment for dementia while minimizing the likelihood of adverse reactions and drug interactions. Recent advances in pharmacogenomics may contribute to the individualization and optimization of dementia pharmacotherapy by increasing its efficacy and safety via a prediction of clinical outcomes. Thus, it can significantly improve the quality of life in dementia patients.
Along with the typical biochemical alterations that occur during pregnancy, certain metabolic changes might be associated with the development of several psychiatric disorders, including postpartum ...depression (PPD), which is the most common type of psychiatric disorder during pregnancy or first postpartum year, and it develops in about 15% of women. Metabolomics is a rapidly developing discipline that deals with the metabolites as the final products of all genetically controlled biochemical pathways, highly influenced by external and internal changes. The aim of this paper was to review the published studies whose results suggest or deny a possible association between the fine regulation of the metabolome and PPD, enabling conclusions about whether metabolomics could be a useful tool in defining the biochemical pathways directly involved in the etiology, diagnosis and course of PPD. Beside numerous hormonal changes, a lot of different metabolic pathways have been discovered to be affected in women with PPD or associated with its development, including alterations in the energy metabolism, tryptophan and amino acid metabolism, steroid metabolism, purine cycle, as well as neurotransmitter metabolism. Additionally, metabolomics helped in defining the association between PPD and the exposure to various endocrine disrupting metabolites during pregnancy. Finally, metabolome reflects different PPD therapies and exposure of fetus or breastfed infants to pharmacotherapy prescribed to a mother suffering from PPD. This review can help in creating the picture about metabolomics' broad application in PPD studies, but it also implies that its potential is still not completely used.
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•Pregnancy associated hormonal changes lead to postpartum depression.•Altered energy and amino acid metabolisms are associated with postpartum depression.•Purine cycle and neurotransmitter metabolism are disrupted in postpartum depression.•Exposure to xenobiotics during pregnancy might contribute to postpartum depression.•Metabolomes of mother and child can reflect mother's antidepressant therapy.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is often not recognized or is diagnosed very late, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of available pharmacological treatments. Metabolomic analyzes have great ...potential for improving existing knowledge about the pathogenesis and etiology of AD and represent a novel approach towards discovering biomarkers that could be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring. In this study, we applied the untargeted metabolomic approach to investigate the changes in biochemical pathways related to AD pathology. We used gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS and LC-MS, respectively) to identify metabolites whose levels have changed in subjects with AD diagnosis (N = 40) compared to healthy controls (N = 40) and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 40). The GC–MS identified significant differences between groups in levels of metabolites belonging to the classes of benzene and substituted derivatives, carboxylic acids and derivatives, fatty acyls, hydroxy acids and derivatives, keto acids and derivatives, and organooxygen compounds. Most of the compounds identified by the LC-MS were various fatty acyls, glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. All of these compounds were decreased in AD patients and in subjects with MCI compared to healthy controls. The results of the study indicate disturbed metabolism of lipids and amino acids and an imbalance of metabolites involved in energy metabolism in individuals diagnosed with AD, compared to healthy controls and MCI subjects.
•Decreased levels of benzoic and hippuric acid in MCI subjects.•Lower levels of various amino acids and their derivatives in AD patients.•Lower levels of glyceric acid, fructose and glucosaminic acid in patients with AD.•Fatty acyls, glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids decreased in AD and MCI subjects.•Decreased dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate abundance in AD and MCI subjects.
Some of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, are proteinopathies characterized by the accumulation of specific protein aggregates in the ...brain. Such misfolded protein aggregates can trigger modulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems and subsequently lead to chronic neuroinflammation that drives the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Since there is still no effective disease-modifying treatment, new therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative proteinopathies have been sought. The endocannabinoid system, and in particular the cannabinoid CB2 receptors, have been extensively studied, due to their important role in neuroinflammation, especially in microglial cells. Several studies have shown promising effects of CB2 receptor activation on reducing protein aggregation-based pathology as well as on attenuating inflammation and several dementia-related symptoms. In this review, we discuss the available data on the role of CB2 receptors in neuroinflammation and the potential benefits and limitations of specific agonists of these receptors in the therapy of neurodegenerative proteinopathies.
PTSD, Immune System, and Inflammation Pivac, Nela; Vuic, Barbara; Sagud, Marina ...
Advances in experimental medicine and biology,
2023, Letnik:
1411
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe trauma and stress-related disorder associated with different somatic comorbidities, especially cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, and with ...chronic low-grade inflammation. Altered balance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, cytokines and chemokines, C-reactive protein, oxidative stress markers, kynurenine pathways, and gut microbiota might be involved in the alterations of certain brain regions regulating fear conditioning and memory processes, that are all altered in PTSD. In addition to the HPA axis, the gut microbiota maintains the balance and interaction of the immune, CNS, and endocrine pathways forming the gut-brain axis. Disbalance in the HPA axis, gut-brain axis, oxidative stress pathways and kynurenine pathways, altered immune signaling and disrupted homeostasis, as well as the association of the PTSD with the inflammation and disrupted cognition support the search for novel strategies for treatment of PTSD. Besides potential anti-inflammatory treatment, dietary interventions or the use of beneficial bacteria, such as probiotics, can potentially improve the composition and the function of the bacterial community in the gut. Therefore, bacterial supplements and controlled dietary changes, with exercise, might have beneficial effects on the psychological and cognitive functions in patients with PTSD. These new treatments should be aimed to attenuate inflammatory processes and consequently to reduce PTSD symptoms but also to improve cognition and reduce cardio-metabolic disorders associated so frequently with PTSD.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, complex, and multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder, still without effective and stable therapeutic strategies. Currently, available medications for AD ...are based on symptomatic therapy, which include acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Additionally, medications such as antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, sedative, and hypnotic agents, and mood stabilizers are used for the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Clinical research has been extensively investigated treatments focusing on the hallmark pathology of AD, including the amyloid deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and vascular changes; however, so far without success, as all new potential drugs failed to show significant clinical benefit. The underlying heterogeneous etiology and diverse symptoms of AD suggest that a precision medicine strategy is required, which would take into account the complex genetic, epigenetic, and environmental landscape of each AD patient. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on AD, the current and potential therapy of both cognitive symptoms as well as BPSD, with a special focus on gut microbiota and epigenetic modifications as new emerging drug targets. Their specific patterns could represent the basis for novel individually tailored approaches aimed to optimize precision medicine strategies for AD prevention and treatment. However, the successful application of precision medicine to AD demands a further extensive research of underlying pathological processes, as well as clinical and biological complexity of this multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder.
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