Objective
This study described the prevalence of and correlates of depression and anxiety in adult patients with hemophilia A and B.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated patients ...with hemophilia who were being seen at an adult hemophilia center in Turkey. Participants were screened for depression and anxiety during their annual clinic visit, which included administration of the Beck Depression Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Scale.
Results
Of the 90 patients, 22 (24.4%) met criteria for significant depressive symptoms and 67 (74.4%) met criteria for significant anxiety symptoms. There were no significant associations between depression and any psychosocial or clinical characteristics or adherence to hemophilia prophylaxis, except for educational status. No association was found between state and trait anxiety scores and psychosocial and clinical characteristics other than hemophilia type. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariable analysis showed that high school education level was associated with depression (OR: 1.87, CI: 1.31–2.36, P = .010) and type B hemophilia was associated with anxiety (OR: 1.32, CI: 1.09–1.75, P = .042).
Conclusion
Depression and anxiety are major psychiatric comorbidities in patients with hemophilia in Turkey. Routine evaluation for mood and anxiety disorders are important in the routine care of patients with haemophilia.
ABSTRACT
High-resolution spectra ($R\sim 48\, 000$) of the massive binary system HH Carinae have been analysed. Precise absolute parameters were derived from a simultaneous solution of the radial ...velocities and the light curves. The primary component is found to be an O9-type main-sequence star with a temperature of 33 500 K, while the secondary component is a B0-type giant/subgiant star with a temperature of 27 500 K. An analysis of the spectroscopic and photometric data has shown that the primary component rotates at a speed of vrot1 = 220 km s−1, which is three times faster than the synchronous rotation, while the secondary component synchronously rotates with the orbit at a speed of vrot2 = 150 km s−1. The distance to the system and the velocity of the centre of mass are determined as d = 4.6 ± 0.8 kpc and Vγ = –16 km s−1, respectively. The distance of the system is in agreement with the most probable Gaia distance of $4.9^{+0.9}_{-0.7}$ kpc and the distance in the latest data release (DR3) of 4.4 ± 0.3. Emission structures at the Hα region were modelled using the code shellspec where the derived absolute parameters of the components have been considered. Because the components are massive stars, mass loss as a result of stellar winds is expected. Produced models confirm that the components do indeed have strong stellar winds and there is mass transfer from the secondary to the primary. Stellar winds and the gas stream between the components have been modelled as a hot shell around the system, with a temperature of ∼22 000 K. Models also indicate that the interaction between the wind and the gas stream causes the formation of a high-temperature (100 000 K) impact region.
We were able to accurately predict the shadow path and successfully observe an occultation of a bright star by Chiron on December 15, 2022. The Kottamia Astronomical Observatory in Egypt did not ...detect the occultation by the solid body, but we found three extinction features in the light curve that had symmetrical counterparts with respect to the central time of the occultation. One of the features is broad and shallow, whereas the other two features are sharper, with a maximum extinction of ∼25% at the achieved spatial resolution of 19 km per data point. From the Wise Observatory in Israel, we detected the occultation caused by the main body and several extinction features surrounding the body. When all the secondary features are plotted in the sky plane, we find that they can be caused by a broad ∼580 km disk with concentrations at radii of 325 ± 16 km and 423 ± 11 km surrounding Chiron. At least one of these structures appears to be outside the Roche limit. The ecliptic coordinates of the pole of the disk are
λ
= 151° ±8° and
β
= 18° ±11°, in agreement with previous results. We also reveal our long-term photometry results, indicating that Chiron had suffered a brightness outburst of at least 0.6 mag between March and September 2021 and that Chiron was still somewhat brighter at the occultation date than at its nominal pre-outburst phase. The outermost extinction features might be consistent with a bound or temporarily bound structure associated with the brightness increase. However, the nature of the brightness outburst is unclear, and it is also unclear whether the dust or ice released in the outburst could be feeding a putative ring structure or whether it is emanating from it.
The backlight unit spectrum of liquid crystal displays (LCD) directly affects the colour gamut. With the invention of GaN based blue light emitting diodes (LED), phosphors and quantum dots (QD) have ...gained considerable scientific interest due to their broad range of applications especially in lighting and display technologies. These phosphors and QDs are used to convert the blue light of the LEDs into white in general lighting. On the other hand, in display systems, they are used to generate red and green bands. There are different application methods such as on-chip and remote configurations. In this study, we concentrate on remote phosphor and QD backlight configurations where the light conversion is done away from the chips. In our display designs, we used GaN based blue LED lateral chips as an excitation source, on the other hand, light conversion layers were placed in backlight units as a thin film for the emission of green and red bands. The mixing ratios of these composite layers were arranged to match the emission spectrum of the blue LEDs and the light conversion layer to the colour filters of the LCD, so that the green, blue, and red bands efficiently widens the colour space. The results were also compared with the on-chip phosphor arrangements.
An early neurodegenerative component of diabetic retinal disease (DRD) that precedes the vascular findings of clinically diagnosed diabetic retinopathy (DR) is increasingly being recognized. However, ...the relevant molecular mechanisms and biomarkers for early DRD are poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to uncover novel potential mediators of early diabetic retinal neuronal dysfunction through analysis of the aqueous fluid proteome in preclinical DR.
Aqueous fluid was collected from subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) but no clinical DR and from nondiabetic controls undergoing routine cataract surgery. Preoperative spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula was obtained. Tandem mass tag LC-MS/MS was performed to identify proteins differentially present in diabetic and control aqueous fluid, and proteins with >50% change and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Selected results were validated with western blot of human aqueous fluid samples.
We identified decreased levels of proteins implicated in neuronal synapse formation and increased levels of inflammatory proteins in the aqueous fluid from patients with type 2 DM but no DR compared with controls. Of the differentially present synaptic proteins that we identified and confirmed with western blot, the majority have not previously been linked with DRD.
The proteomic profile of aqueous fluid from individuals with type 2 DM but no DR suggests that retinal neuronal dysfunction and inflammation represent very early events in the pathophysiology of DRD. These findings support the concept that diabetic retinal neurodegeneration precedes vascular pathology and reveal novel potential mediators and/or biomarkers warranting further investigation.
Membrane technology is an outstanding alternative for treating complex textile wastewaters. However, difficulties in the management of the resultant concentrate are the main disadvantage of these ...membrane technologies. This study is focused on the development of integrative management for membrane concentrate of textile effluent under the principle of discharge regulations that aim to achieve zero-liquid discharge (ZLD). Thus, biologically treated textile wastewater (BTTW) is fed to nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes with ultrafiltration (UF) pre-treatment, separately. NF concentrates (NFC) and RO concentrates (ROC) are further treated with electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-Fenton (EF) to remove COD and color. After the EC and EF steps, the electrodialysis (ED) method is used for ion removal. Operational costs of each process are calculated. Through the NF of BTTW > 65% COD and 92% color removals were achieved, whereas with the RO process, > 65% COD and 98% color removals were obtained. For NFC, > 80% COD and 91% color removal efficiencies were achieved with EC + ED processes and 57% COD and almost total color removal was achieved with EF + ED processes. For ROC, 71% COD and 85% color removals were obtained with EC + ED processes and 85% COD and 98% color removal was observed with EF + ED processes. Additionally, efficient treatment and concentrate management options were investigated for textile effluent.
Graphical abstract
Deep learning is the state-of-the-art machine learning technique for ophthalmic image analysis, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the most commonly utilized approach. Recently, vision ...transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a promising approach, one that is even more powerful than CNNs. In this focused review, we summarized studies that applied ViT-based models to analyze color fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography images. Overall, ViT-based models showed robust performances in the grading of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma detection. While some studies demonstrated that ViTs were superior to CNNs in certain contexts of use, it is unclear how widespread ViTs will be adopted for ophthalmic image analysis, since ViTs typically require even more training data as compared to CNNs. The studies included were identified from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using keywords relevant to this review. Only original investigations through March 2023 were included.
Background: We planned this study to analyze probable associations between p53, cyclinD1, Ki67 and histopathological features in basal cell carcinomas (BCC).
Methods: Histological differentiation ...types, histological growth patterns and tissue responses were analyzed in 50 cases of BCC. In immunohistochemical analysis, p53, cyclinD1 and Ki67 antibodies were investigated. P53 expression was evaluated based on a cut‐off value of 25% positivity. CyclinD1 expression was graded from 0 to 3+ according to the percentage of positive nuclear staining. The percentage of positively staining cells for Ki67 was recorded.
Results: The following significant correlations were detected. Solid infiltrative type differentiation was related to the infiltrative histological growth pattern. The rates of p53 positivity and severe fibrosis in the groups of mixed and infiltrative growth patterns were higher than others. Besides, p53‐positive cases showed more severe fibrosis and had a higher mean value for Ki67 index. Epidermal p53 and cyclinD1 clones in normal epidermal areas adjacent to tumors were noticed in 42% and 52% of the cases, respectively.
Conclusions: P53 expression seems to be related to Ki67 index and some histopathological features of BCC, such as infiltrative histological growth pattern and probably fibrosis.
Time-series analyses of satellite images reveal that sea ice extent in the Ross Sea has experienced significant changes over the last 40 years, likely triggered by large-scale atmospheric anomalies. ...However, resolving how sea ice in the Ross Sea has changed over longer timeframes has until now remained more elusive. Here we used a laminated sediment piston core (14.6 m) collected from the Edisto inlet (Western Ross Sea) to reconstruct fast ice dynamics over the last 2.6 ka. Our goal was to first understand the climate expression of selected well-defined sediment laminae and then use these characteristics for reconstructing past sea ice behaviour across the whole sedimentary sequence. We used the recently established sea ice diatom biomarker proxy IPSO25 in combination with diatom census counts and bulk analyses. Analyses performed on a suite of discrete laminae revealed statistically significant differences between dark and light laminae reflecting different depositional conditions. Based on their respective biogeochemical fingerprints, we infer that dark laminae accumulated during sea ice thaws in early summer. Under these conditions, laminae contain relatively high concentrations of IPSO25 and display an enriched δ13C composition for the bulk organic matter (OM). While diatom assemblages in dark laminae are relatively homogenous, as the thaw continues later in the summer, Corethron pennatum becomes the dominant diatom species, resulting in the formation of light laminae characterized by low IPSO25 concentrations. Since C. pennatum can migrate vertically through the water column to uptake nutrients and avoid competition in oligotrophic waters, its high concentration likely reflects stratified and ice-free surface waters typical of late summer.
Down-core trends show that the correlation between sediment brightness and geochemical fingerprint (i.e., IPSO25 and δ13C) holds throughout the record. Based on the knowledge gained at lamina level, our down-core high-resolution reconstruction shows that the summer fast ice coverage changed dramatically during the late Holocene. Specifically, we conclude that the Edisto inlet experienced regular early summer opening between 2.6 ka, and ca. 0.7 ka, after which, coastal fast ice persisted during summer months and ice-free conditions became less frequent. Comparison with previous regional ice core data suggests that the sudden cooling recorded over the Victoria Land Coast region since 0.7 ka might potentially explain our observation of persistent summer fast ice in the Western Ross Sea. Our study has shown that multi-proxy data derived from laminated sediments can provide hitherto unknown detail regarding past summer sea ice dynamics in coastal Antarctic regions.
•Dark and light sediment laminae exhibit different chemical and ecological features.•Dark and light sediment laminae reflect different fast ice coverage during summer.•Enriched δ13C and high IPSO25 (dark laminae) track early thawing of fast ice.•High concentration of C. pennatum (light laminae) identifies protracted ice-free conditions.•Summer ice-free conditions became less frequent since 0.7 ka BP along the north-western Ross Sea.
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