The development of modern society cannot be imagined without electricity as a ubiquitous and almost irreplaceable energy source. Energy is a key factor in human development, it provides a standard of ...living and enables the economy to grow, with electricity being one of its most important forms. In the modern world, efficient energy supply, particularly electricity as its most flexible, commercial and cleanest form represents an important basis for economic growth and development. Although research of the causal link between electricity consumption, financial development and economic growth has been represented in the scientific literature for the last 20-30 years, the results are still contradictory. However, this particular topic has not been systematically investigated and addressed in Croatia. Therefore, studying the causal relationship and economic effects of the mentioned variables represents an important and challenging research task. The purpose of this paper is to determine the interconnectedness of electricity consumption, financial development and economic activity in Croatia. This will be achieved by analysing the available data for the last two and a half decades using the so-called bootstrap approach. According to the empirical results, causality runs from real GDP to total electricity consumption and from financial development to real GDP. In addition to empirical results, policy implications and recommendations for future research will also be presented in the paper.
Javni sektor u suvremenom poslovnom okruženju biva izložen isti m utjecajima globalnog poslovanja, društvenih i kulturnih promjena kao i privatni sektor, te se sukladno tome prilagođava postojećim ...socio-ekonomskim potrebama. Zadaća je javnog sektora da zajedno s privatnim sektorom unaprjeđuje društvo, stvara predispozicije društvenog
rasta i razvoja, utječe na pozitivno određenje nacionalnih ekonomija i rada poslovnih subjekata u svrhu stvaranja novih vrijednosti. Također, kao javni servis, javni sektor osigurava pravovremeno, kvalitetno i sadržajno ostvarenje interesa građana. Stoga je nužno definirati i razvijati oblike javnog menadžmenta
koji se mogu odgovarajuće prilagoditi promjenama okruženja i djelotvorno upravljati različitim aspektima internih funkcija javnog sektora. Cilj rada je istražiti temeljna obilježja suvremenog javnog sektora i na temelju toga odrediti potrebne modalitete javnog menadžmenta. Metodologija istraživanja temelji se na analizi strukture javnog sektora s osvrtom na Republiku Hrvatsku, uz pregled javnih upravljačkih odnosa koji u njemu trenutno postoje. Pritom se uvažava diverzifikacija javnog sektora na opću državu (javnu upravu) i javna (društvena) poduzeća. Svaka razina javnog sektora ima svoje podrazine djelovanja u različitim vidovima djelatnosti sa specifičnim ciljevima i zahtjevima, što pred javni menadžment postavlja uvjet uske specijaliziranosti, multidisciplinarnosti i interaktivnosti s različitim subjektima poslovnog okruženja. Rezultati istraživanja očituju se u predlaganju razvojnog modela menadžmenta s ciljem povećanja reagibilnosti javnog sektora na promjene u suvremenom društvenom i poslovnom okruženju. Istovremeno se kao glavni zaključak nameće da je razvoj transparentnog javnog menadžmenta preduvjet razvoja javnog sektora koji može uspješno zadovoljavati potrebe i pratiti interese svih njegovih korisnika u 21. stoljeću.
The public sector operating in the modern business environment is exposed to the impacts of global business, social and cultural changes to the same extent as the private sector and is, therefore, equally adjusting to the existing socio-economic requests. The general objective of the public sector is, in alignment with the private sector, to improve society, create predispositions to social growth and development, influence the positive determination of national economies and business entities in order to create new values. With the notion of a ̋public service ̋, the public sector ensures timely engaged, high quality and content realization of citizens' public interests. Therefore, it is necessary to define and develop models of public management that will adapt to changes in the social environment and effectively manage various aspects of the public sector's internal functions. The aim of this paper is to explore modern aspects of the public sector and to determine adequate public management modalities. The research methodology is based on analysis of the public sector structures in the Republic of Croatia, accompanied with a review of current public governance relationships. Respectfully, the public sector is divided into the general government (public administration) and public (social) companies. Each level of the public sector has its own sub-sectors with different activities, specific goals and requirements. This also requires public management to set the conditions for specialization, multidisciplinary approach and interactivity with different subjects from the business environment. Research results indicate the development of a public management model intended to increase public sector responsiveness to contemporary changes in the social and business environment. The main conclusion states that developing transparent public management is a prerequisite for developing an efficient public sector that can successfully meet the needs of all its users in the 21st century.
In a modern global economy, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have inviolable importance and inclusion in the overall social development and economic growth. Regarding the high share of SMEs ...in the total number of companies, given the number of employees and the share in export orientation, the question of SMEs existence, as well as their market share and competitiveness in the global environment, represents prime relevance to any national economy. Therefore, the issue of quality becomes a critical component of achieving competitiveness in delivering products and services to their consumers (customers.) Due to this extremely delicate issue, each company establishes and implements a systematic process relationship or a quality management system as a part of its general management mechanism. This is a reason for SMEs management to strategically decide on the challenges of introducing a quality management system; thus, to improve their competitiveness on the domestic and foreign markets, which is a very demanding, exhaustive and time absorbing process requiring detailed preparation and collective engagement. The basic reasons for applying a quality management system are apostrophised in any business objectives – improving business processes, product quality and services, increasing spending as a factor of developing higher market share, better reputation (image) and sustainable business results. Due to the measurable quantitative and qualitative attributes and features that can significantly enhance the introduction of quality management systems into practice of SMEs, numerous studies have been carried out, some of which are conducted within the last two decades. For the authors, this was an initiative to conduct a survey, within this paper, in the Primorsko-goranska county (Croatia) during the month of July 2018, in which a number of SMEs were analysed in the crucial areas of quality management systems. The authors’ objective was to assess the viability of SMEs regarding their application of a quality management system. The basic hypothesis was that introducing quality management systems into SMEs contributes to their foreign competitiveness i.e. strengthening their export activity in general. Beside positive outputs of applying quality management, the authors’ research presented in this paper also established some relatively high and negative quantifications in relation to the application of the quality management system. Such outcomes represent justified reasons for future scientific research in this area.
Modern day entrepreneurship holds a dominating position in economy and overall society and is thus often called entrepreneurial economy, i.e. entrepreneurial society. The historical and developmental ...complexity of entrepreneurship and its futuristic perception insist upon its systematic organization based on enterprises. The fact that on the EU level around 99% of enterprises (firms) are small or medium size enterprises imposes the need to approach this issue as a sociological phenomenon of priority, since it provides the key solutions to many existential problems of the contemporary society - economic growth and development, competitiveness of the firm, opening new and maintaining existing employment positions. The aim of the paper is to identify the strategic documents and action plans created by the European Union, as well as other programs of financing small and medium size enterprises, defining coordinates of stipulation and development of the SME sector and thus the society in general. In this study we have used the methods of induction and deduction and comparative analysis. The statistical data are analyzed by means of adequate statistical and mathematical methods. The research results suggest that there are numerous possibilities for the stipulation and development of small and medium size enterprises as a crucial entrepreneurial "medium" within the EU framework that needs to be generated and supported since it is the only way for the EU, i.e. EU member states to reach EU fundamental goal and the original reasons of its integration. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
The contemporary society of all the more pronounced contradictions has been marked by various dynamic changes. These changes are the result of certain causal relationships, implying that all spheres ...and all segments of social life are covered by these changes. Consequently, today’s society is often referred to as a “society of change” that largely depends on inventiveness, creativity, functionality and efficiency of “change management”. Entrepreneurship, as a concept of creativity, is a great initiator, creator and corrective of social changes, with the primary goal of creating positive social relationships, affirmative social values, social growth and development and social well-being. For the purpose of realizing entrepreneurial ideas and achievement of set goals within business systems and processes, it is necessary to achieve the support of logistics as a science. Likewise, it is necessary to achieve the support of logistics as a logistics activity, and within the same specific support it requires the engagement of logistics-information systems. The basic premise is (re)distribution, ie (re)allocation of social goods and information by means of logistics- information systems. In this way it essentially facilitates the decision-making process in the context of meeting all business management functions and creates the preconditions for business continuity, growth and development of business entities as well as sustainable development. The paper seeks to focus and explore the importance of logistics, especially logistics-information systems as a subsystem, that is, a significant segment of logistics, prevalent for positioning, but also balancing management in making, realizing and controlling business decisions within a business entity.
Suvremeno društvo sve naglašenijih kontradiktornosti obilježeno je različitim dinamičnim promjenama koje su nastale kao rezultante određenih uzročno-posljedičnih sveza, implicirajući pri tome da su ...sve sfere i svi segmenti društvenog života obuhvaćeni tim promjenama. Sukladno tome, današnje se društvo veoma često naziva „društvom promjena“ koje je u velikoj mjeri ovisno o inventivnosti, kreativnosti, funkcionalnosti i efikasnosti „menadžmenta promjena“. Poduzetništvo, kao pojam stvaralaštva, veliki je inicijator, kreator i korektiv društvenih promjena, s osnovnim ciljem stvaranja pozitivnih društvenih odnosa, afirmativnih društvenih vrijednosti i vrednota, društvenog rasta i razvoja i društvenog boljitka. Za realiziranje poduzetničkih ideja i ostvarenje zacrtanih ciljeva unutar poslovnih subjekata i samih procesa potrebna je podrška logistike kao znanosti, ali i podrška logistike kao logističke aktivnosti, a unutar iste posebna podrška inzistira angažiranje logističko-informacijskih sustava. Osnovna premisa je (re)distribucija, odnosno (re)alokacija društvenih dobara i informacija posredstvom logističko-informacijskih sustava, čime se u bitnome olakšava proces odlučivanja u kontekstu zadovoljenja svih poslovnih funkcija menadžmenta i stvaranje preduvjeta kontinuiteta poslovanja, rasta i razvoja poslovnih subjekata, kao i održivog razvoja. U radu se nastoji fokusirati i istražiti značaj logistike, posebice logističko-informacijskih sustava kao podsustava, odnosno značajnog segmenta logistike, prevalentnog za pozicioniranje, ali i uravnoteženje menadžmenta u donošenju, realizaciji i kontroli poslovnih odluka unutar poslovnog subjekta.
Globalizacija, kao vrlo slojevit i dinamičan svjetski proces, zahvatila je sve sfere društvenog života, a posebno je uzročno-posljedično vezana za gospodarska kretanja pojedinih nacionalnih ...ekonomija. Svojim djelovanjem, globalizacija pruža bezbroj mogućnosti, dok u isto vrijeme uzrokuje i čitav niz problema unutar željenog funkcioniranja svih čimbenika društvenog života pojedinih država. Razvijene države, koje su unutar svojih granica osustavile vlastite razvojne mehanizme i kreirale gospodarske politike i mjere, projecirale gospodarski rast i razvoj na realnim osnovama, uspješno se konfrotiraju s izazovima globalizacije, što je produciralo brojnim prednostima, pozitivno utječući na kvalitetu i standard života njenih građana. Implikacije globalizacije evidentne su i u hrvatskom gospodarskom okruženju, nažalost, najčešće vrlo negativno, što premijeva da se institucije hrvatske države, ali i sami poslovni subjekti nisu adekvatno angažirali u pripremi, osmišljavanju odgovarajućih strategija i provedbi sustavnih rješenja te samim time nisu oživotvoreni zacrtani ciljevi povećanja konkurentnosti hrvatskog gospodarstva. Republika Hrvatska nije na odgovarajući način spremna odgovoriti iskušenjima i zahtjevnostima ovog kompleksnog procesa te na improvizacijskim i „ad hoc“ rješenjima nastojiti zadržati distancu za konkurencijom, što jednostavno nije moguće. Prevladava loša poduzetnička klima, pasivizacija je postala ustaljena poslovna praksa, reforme se ne provode, ekonomska migracija postala je sveprisutna. Svrha ovog rada je istražiti utjecaj globalizacije na Republiku Hrvatsku te njene posljedice na društvene promjene u zemlji. U radu je analizirano aktualno gospodarsko stanje i situacija u državi, dok se s posebnim osvrtom na poduzetništvo analiziraju i čimbenici koji su doveli do negativne poduzetničke klime. Cilj istraživanja je ukazati na ekonomske, socijalne i društvene probleme unutar zemlje te se pokušavaju ponuditi i konkretna rješenje za neutraliziranje i anuliranje navedenih društvenih i gospodarskih anomaliteta.
Svaka konkurentska prednost određene gospodarske djelatnosti ili, pak, poslovnog sustava može rezultirati određenim pozitivnim učincima samo ako su u potpunosti angažirani najrelevantniji čimbenici ...(menedžment i ljudski resurs) i ukoliko je sinergijski eksponent takve integralne gospodarske politike istinsko obilježje takve aktivnosti.
Hotelijerstvo Primorsko-goranske županije zasigurno je nositelj ugostiteljsko-turističkog gospodarstva koje u ukupnom strateškom determiniranju gospodarstva RH ima specifično određenje. U kontekstu takve jedne strateške «definicije», činjenica je da 1) korelacija tj. interakcija navedenih čimbenika mora biti transparentnija, odnosno participiranje ljudskog resursa u svim domenama gospodarske aktivnosti (pa i odlučivanja) mora biti angažiranije.
Samo na tim osnovama moguće je 2) očekivati bržu evoluciju i transformaciju organizacijske logike iz «birokratske» u «poduzetničku».
Realnost stanja hotelijerstva Primorsko-goranske županije u odnosu na determinirane ciljeve autor rada nastojao je fokusirati i kroz svoja istraživanja provedena tijekom 1999. g.
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