Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignancy worldwide. More than 3 700 000 women die of BC every year. DSCAM‐AS1 was overexpressed several kinds of cancer and miR‐204‐5p was lowly expressed, which ...indicated that miR‐204‐5p had anti‐tumor activity and DSCAM‐AS1 had pro‐tumor activity. We intended to analyze DSCAM‐AS1, miR‐204‐5p, and ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2). Microarray analysis and quantitative Real Time fluorescence Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT‐PCR) were employed to determine DSCAM‐AS1 and miR‐204‐5p expression. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to examine the target relationship between DSCAM‐AS1, miR‐204‐5p, and RRM2. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8 assay), transwell assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. The expression of DSCAM‐AS1, miR‐204‐5p, and RRM2 were confirmed by Western blot. We also conducted in vivo assay to verify the effect of DSCAM‐AS1. DSCAM‐AS1 was up‐regulated, while miR‐204‐5p was down‐regulated in BC tissues and cells. DSCAM‐AS1 directly targeted miR‐204‐5p. DSCAM‐AS1 promoted the proliferation and invasion of BC cells by reducing miR‐204‐5p and inhibiting miR‐204‐5p expression. DSCAM‐AS1 expression was related to the expression of RRM2, and miR‐204‐5p could reverse the function of DSCAM‐AS1. RRM2 was up‐regulated in BC cells, and miR‐204‐5p inhibited RRM2 expression by targeting RRM2. Overexpression of RRM2 stimulated proliferation and cell invasion and impeded apoptosis. In vivo experiments showed that knockdown of DSCAM‐AS1 decreased the tumorigenesis of BC cells, increased the expression of miR‐204‐5p. DSCAM‐AS1 promoted proliferation and impaired apoptosis of BC cells by reducing miR‐204‐5p and enhancing RRM2 expression. DSCAM‐AS1/miR‐204‐5p/RRM2 may serve as novel therapeutic targets for BC.
In this article, we investigate the problem of social link inference in a target location-aware social network (LSN), which aims at predicting the unobserved links between users within the network. ...This problem is critical for downstream applications, including network completion and friend recommendation. In addition to the network structures commonly used in general link prediction, the studies tailored for social link inference in an LSN leverage user trajectories from the spatial aspect. However, the temporal factor lying in user trajectories is largely overlooked by most of the prior studies, limiting the capabilities of capturing the temporal relevance between users. Moreover, effective user matching by fusing different views, i.e., social, spatial, and temporal factors, remains unresolved, which hinders the potential improvement of link inference. To this end, this article devises a novel multiview matching network (MVMN) by regarding each of the three factors as one view of any target user pair. MVMN enjoys the flexibility and completeness of modeling each factor by developing its suitable matching module: 1) location matching module; 2) time-series matching module; and 3) relation matching module. Each module learns a view-specific representation for matching, and MVMN fuses them for final link inference. Extensive experiments on two real-world data sets demonstrate the superiority of our approach against several competitive baselines for link prediction and sequence matching, validating the contribution of its key components.
The peridynamic stress formula proposed by Lehoucq and Silling (2008) is cumbersome to be implemented in numerical computations. In this paper, we show that the peridynamic stress tensor has the ...exact mathematical expression as that of the first Piola–Kirchhoff static Virial stress originated from the Irving–Kirkwood–Noll formalism (Irving and Kirkwood, 1905; Noll, 1955) through the Hardy–Murdoch procedure (Hardy, 1982; Murdoch, 1983), which offers a simple and clear expression for numerical calculations of peridynamic stress.
Several numerical verifications have been carried out to validate the accuracy of the proposed peridynamic stress formula in predicting the stress states in the vicinity of the crack tip and other sources of stress concentration. By evaluating the peridynamic stress in the prototype microelastic brittle (PMB) material model of bond-based peridynamics, it is found that the PMB material model may exhibit nonlinear constitutive behaviors at large deformations. The stress fields calculated through the proposed peridynamic stress formula show good agreements with these calculated by using finite element methods, analytical solutions, as well as experimental data, demonstrating the merit of the peridynamic stress formula in predicting stress states for material failure problems.
Retired cells from electric vehicles could provide considerable economic benefits through secondary uses such as energy storage. However, the screening and regrouping of large-scale cells is facing ...the problem of low efficiency and low accuracy. To address this problem, two rapid and accurate screening approaches are proposed in this study. Firstly, the characteristics of the series-charging curve of large-scale retired cells are investigated. Then, two novel screening models, namely the neural network model and the piecewise linear fitting model, are thus constructed using the capacity and voltage profiles of a small number of sample cells, and the capacity of a large number of cells can be estimated in batches. Moreover, a device for fast switching between series and parallel is designed to improve efficiency, and a regrouping approach for different second-use applications is introduced. Finally, the proposed approaches are verified by simulations and experiments. The main results are as follow: (1) The piecewise linear fitting model should be used in the small sample case, and the neural network model should be adopted in the large sample case for higher estimation accuracy; (2) The proposed approaches are feasible and effective, and several cases illustrate that the capacity estimation error of the proposed approaches is less than 4%; (3) The screening efficiency of the proposed approaches increases with the increase in the number of cells, and screening results of 5000 cells indicate that the screening efficiency of our proposed approach is at least 5 times higher than that of a traditional approach.
•Two rapid and accurate screening approaches for the secondary applications of retired cells are proposed.•Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed approaches are feasible and effective.•A device for fast-switching between series and parallel is designed to improve screening efficiency.•A regrouping approach based on screening results for different second-use applications is introduced.
To achieve high frequency and high efficiency over a wide load range, a monolithic voltage-mode dc-dc buck converter with advanced burst mode (ABM) and pulsewidth modulation (PWM) is presented in ...this paper. The load current is detected by estimating the currents flowing through the high-side and low-side switches, which maintains a near constant mode changing point. A counter-based scheme is used to achieve seamless and smooth transition between PWM and ABM. Both operating modes share the same control blocks, and no additional zero current detecting circuit is needed. In addition, the output stage switch size can be adjusted to reduce switching loss and improve efficiency under ultra-light load conditions. Experimental results show that the integrated 3 MHz converter achieves high efficiency from 80 to 91%, over a wide load range from 0.001 to 5 A. When the switch size is set to 1/3 of the maximum value, an additional 5% efficiency improvement at under 0.1 A load can be realized. The mode changing point is set at 0.4 A with less than 10% variation when the input voltage changes from 3 to 5 V. The load transient response is also improved significantly.
This communication presents a terahertz (THz) wideband transmitarray antenna with wide-angle beam steering for intersatellite communications. A new design method is developed for beam ...steering/multibeam transmitarrays based on feed displacement. The phase compensations on the transmitarray aperture are theoretically analyzed for two steered symmetrical beams from two conjugate foci in an arbitrary azimuthal plane. Then, the focus for a boresight beam is investigated to minimize the corresponding phase errors. A circular feed track is produced with the three foci, enabling wide-angle and low-scanning-loss beam steering by changing the focal point. A unit cell model based on the Huygens metasurface is designed with only one substrate layer, capable of continuously tuning the phase in a 360° range with low transmission losses. The THz transmitarray prototype is engineered with the developed beam-steering method and unit cells. The prototype is experimentally verified with a wideband stable beam-steering performance from 180 to 220 GHz in a wide angular range of ±48°. The measured minimal scanning loss is only 1.4 dB. The measured 3-dB gain bandwidth of the boresight beam is 19.1%.
•A non-ordinary state-based peridynamic model for brittle fracture in ceramics or fracture in quasi-brittle materials is developed.•The modified Johnson Holmquist (JH-2) constitutive and damage model ...is implemented in peridynamics framework at finite strain with objectivity.•Numerical simulations have been performed to verify and demonstrate the proposed model, including validation cases, edge-on impact experiment, and drop ball test.
In this work, we have developed a non-ordinary state-based peridynamics model for brittle fracture in ceramics or fracture in quasi-brittle materials in general. The model is firstly validated by three numerical benchmark tests, and then it is applied to simulate the edge-on impact and drop ball test experiments. We have implemented the modified Johnson Holmquist (JH-2) constitutive damage model into the peridynamics framework at finite strain. Furthermore, the contact algorithm between the projectile and target is discussed. It is shown that the numerical results obtained from peridynamics simulations are in general agreement with those from the experiment. The comparison of experimental and numerical results indicates that the proposed peridynamics model has the ability to capture the damage propagation and other features of the brittle fracture.
Digital holographic microtomography is a promising technique for three-dimensional (3D) measurement of the refractive index (RI) profiles of biological specimens. Measurement of the RI distribution ...of a free-floating single living cell with an isotropic superresolution had not previously been accomplished. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study focusing on the development of an integrated dual-tomographic (IDT) imaging system for RI measurement of an unlabelled free-floating single living cell with an isotropic superresolution by combining the spatial frequencies of full-angle specimen rotation with those of beam rotation. A novel 'UFO' (unidentified flying object) like shaped coherent transfer function is obtained. The IDT imaging system does not require any complex image-processing algorithm for 3D reconstruction. The working principle was successfully demonstrated and a 3D RI profile of a single living cell, Candida rugosa, was obtained with an isotropic superresolution. This technology is expected to set a benchmark for free-floating single live sample measurements without labeling or any special sample preparations for the experiments.
In this study, a novel adaptive wavefront correction (AWC) technique is implemented on a compactly developed structured illumination holographic tomography (SI-HT) system. We propose a mechanical ...movement-free compact scanning architecture for SI-HT systems with AWC, implemented by designing and displaying a series of computer-generated holograms (CGH) composed of blazed grating with phase Fresnel lens on a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). In the proposed SI-HT, the aberrations of the optical system are sensed by digital holography and are used to design the CGH-based AWC to compensate the phase aberrations of the tomographic imaging system. The proposed method was validated using a standard Siemens star target, its potential application was demonstrated using a live candida rugosa sample, and its label-free three-dimensional refractive index profile was generated at its subcellular level. The experimental results obtained reveal the ability of the proposed method to enhance the imaging performance in both lateral and axial directions.
This open access book comprehensively consolidates studies in the rapidly emerging field of battery management. The primary focus is to overview the new and emerging data science technologies for ...full-lifespan management of Li-ion batteries, which are categorized into three groups, namely (i) battery manufacturing management, (ii) battery operation management, and (iii) battery reutilization management. The key challenges, future trends as well as promising data-science technologies to further improve this research field are discussed. As battery full-lifespan (manufacturing, operation, and reutilization) management is a hot research topic in both energy and AI fields and none specific book has focused on systematically describing this particular from a data science perspective before, this book can attract the attention of academics, scientists, engineers, and practitioners. It is useful as a reference book for students and graduates working in related fields. Specifically, the audience could not only get the basics of battery manufacturing, operation, and reutilization but also the information of related data-science technologies. The step-by-step guidance, comprehensive introduction, and case studies to the topic make it accessible to audiences of different levels, from graduates to experienced engineers.
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