Key Clinical Message
Dens evaginatus (DE) presents a clinical conundrum due to its fragility and propensity to cause pulpal and periapical complications. Clinicians should heed the presence of DE ...during clinical examinations and avoid unnecessary intervention.
Key Clinical Message
Subcutaneous tumors of the head and neck resembling cutaneous mixed tumors may be misdiagnosed pleomorphic adenomas of salivary gland origin. Physicians should consider salivary ...mixed tumors in the differential diagnosis for suspected cutaneous tumors.
A test method for evaluating the quality of graphene flakes, such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanopowder (GNP), was developed in this study. The pelletizer was selected for a ...sampling tool, which enables us to formulate the flake sample as a measurable sample. Various parameters were measured from the pelletized sample in order to elucidate the best parameter for representing the quality of the graphene flakes in terms of their electrical properties. Based on the analysis of 4-probe measurement data on the pelletized sample, the best intrinsic parameter is volume resistivity (or volume conductivity) rather than resistivity (or conductivity). Additionally, the possible modification of a sample before and after the pressurization was investigated by electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. No significant modification was observed. The volume conductivity in the two types of the graphene was different from their individual conductivities by one order of magnitude. Based on the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy measurements, the volume conductivity of the graphene flake samples was governed by the oxygen content in the sample. Our achievements will promote the effective use of powder-type graphene products for further applications.
The presence and reactivation of oral lesions such as herpetic gingivostomatitis, erythema multiforme, and candidiasis in a COVID‐19 recovered patient could be related to COVID‐19s profound role in ...immune dysregulation or related therapies.
When manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites, it is possible to improve the quality of fiber steel fire and reduce the number of cracks in the finished product if it is possible to quickly identify ...the defects of the fiber tow. Therefore, in this study, we developed a method to identify the condition of carbon fiber tow using eddy current test (ECT), which is used to improve the quality of composite materials. Using the eddy current detection sensor, we checked the impedance results according to the condition of the CF tow. We found that the materials of the workbench used in the experiment greatly affected the ECT results, so it is necessary to use a material with a non-conductive and smooth surface. We evaluated the impedance results of the carbon fiber at 2 mm intervals using the ECT sensor and summarized the impedance results according to the fiber width direction, presenting the condition of the section as a constant of variation (CV). If the condition of the carbon fiber tow was unstable, the deviation of the CV per section was large. In particular, the deviation of the CV per section was more than 0.15 when the arrangement of the fibers was changed, foreign substances were formed on the surface of the fibers, and damage occurred in the direction of the fiber width of more than 4 mm, so it was easy to evaluate the quality on CF tow.
The conductive thin films of ferric chloride doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT: Fig. 1) were obtained by in situ vapor-phase polymerization method under ambient conditions. Homogeneous ...thin conductive PEDOT films were uniformly fabricated at nano-level thickness (20–300
nm) on the substrates. The surface resistance of the PEDOT films with 300
nm thick was enhanced up to 500
Ω/sq, and the light transmittance were also increased as up to 95% in case of a film below 40
nm thick. The growth of highly ordered conductive PEDOT crystalline microstructure, which high anisotropy, parallel to the substrate film fabricated above 60
°C, was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM).
The transition metal copper (II) ion (Cu
2+) was effectively coordinated with a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) to produce a SWCNT–Cu
2+ complex by a metal coordination reaction. Since the ...complex was very reactive towards the carboxylic acid group, the chemical functionalization of SWCNTs was easy to accomplish. This approach was used to functionalize the surface of the SWCNTs with stearic acid or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for tuning of the relative hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of the surface, respectively. The mild reaction conditions used for metal coordination of the SWCNTs minimized the defects that result from chemical modification of SWCNT. Thus, the electrical properties of unmodified SWCNTs were preserved. Various analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and water sorption isotherm measurements, were used to characterize the surface properties of the functionalized SWCNTs. Functionalization of SWCNTs by metal coordination reaction effectively modified the SWCNT surface, while conserving the excellent physical properties of the SWCNTs. The surface properties of the SWCNTs were easily tuned by introduction of the functional groups required for specific applications.
Buckwheat hulls are discarded as waste, although they have more phenolic compounds than buckwheat groats. The antioxidant activities of buckwheat hull extracts prepared with water, 50% ethanol, and ...100% ethanol were investigated in bulk oil, oil‐in‐water (O/W), and water‐in‐oil (W/O) emulsions. The relationship between the phenolic compositions of the extracts and their antioxidant activities in the three different lipid systems was also evaluated. Fifty percent ethanol extract had the highest total phenolic content (327 mg gallic acid equivalent GAE/g extract) followed by water and 100% ethanol extracts (211 and 163 mg GAE/g extract, respectively). The total oxidation rate (k) was not significantly different among the bulk oils added with the buckwheat hull extracts. However, in the O/W emulsion, the k was more reduced by the 50% and 100% ethanol extracts than by the water extract at the concentration of 100 µg GAE/g (2.9, 2.8, and 3.7 Totox/day, respectively). The k of the W/O emulsion was more reduced by the 100% ethanol extract than by the water and 50% ethanol extract at the concentration of 100 µg GAE/g (3.8, 4.7, and 4.5 Totox/day, respectively). Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the contents of phenolic acids and their derivatives were the highest in the water extract among the extracts, while the contents of flavonoid glycosides and methylated polyphenols were the highest in the 50% and 100% ethanol extracts, respectively. The results suggest that flavonoid glycosides and methylated polyphenols could be potential candidates for retarding the oxidation of the emulsion system.
Practical Application
Buckwheat hull extracts could retard lipid oxidation. Flavonoid glycosides and methylated polyphenols in buckwheat hull extracts may have an antioxidative effect on lipids. Thus, buckwheat hulls could be used as an antioxidant in lipid systems, as flavonoid glycosides and methylated polyphenols are properly extracted from buckwheat hulls.
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