A successful design of HRM relies on the identification of a new indicator as it can generate a noble research model to elucidate the unknown mechanisms crucial for strengthening organisational ...innovation competence. This study proposes and tests a research model that examines the direct influence of political skills on R&D personnel's career success and comparatively analyses the effect of two mediators: perceived supervisor support (PSS) and perceived organisational support (POS). Based on a survey data of 252 R&D personnel in 60 large firms in Korea, this study shows the significance of political skills for advancing personal careers, confirms the mediation effect of PSS and POS, and suggests a greater impact of POS over PSS. To promote R&D personnel's career success, the research results highlight the significance of political skills at the individual level and the importance of developmental HRM at the organisational level.
► We analyzed the development pattern of mobile music businesses in Japan and Korea. ► It is based on the theory of coevolution of technology and social institutions. ► Japanese strong but strict ...copyrights restricted changes in existing industry. ► Korean weak but flexible copyrights disruptively changed existing music industry. ► The changes were caused by IT innovations’ complex interactions with copyrights.
In order to understand how IT impacts at the industry level, this paper adopts a theory of the coevolution of technological innovations and copyright institutions and applies it to examine how the mobile music business in Japan and Korea has developed. In Japan, mobile music business is controlled by incumbent recording companies and is complementary to offline CD sales. In Korea, however, the online music business (including mobile and fixed-internet) is dominated by mobile carriers and has replaced offline businesses, which has caused disruptive changes in the music industry structure. This paper suggests that diverging national copyright institutions give rise to the contrasting industrial changes, which in turn emphasizes how political processes drive the interactions between technologies and institutions.
Early detection of lung cancer is crucial for patient survival and treatment. Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis enable cell-free DNA (cfDNA) liquid biopsy to detect ...changes, like chromosomal rearrangements, somatic mutations, and copy number variations (CNVs), in cancer. Machine learning (ML) analysis using cancer markers is a highly promising tool for identifying patterns and anomalies in cancers, making the development of ML-based analysis methods essential. We collected blood samples from 92 lung cancer patients and 80 healthy individuals to analyze the distinction between them. The detection of lung cancer markers Cyfra21 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in blood revealed significant differences between patients and controls. We performed machine learning analysis to obtain AUC values via Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), and Logistic Regression (LR) using cancer markers, cfDNA concentrations, and CNV screening. Furthermore, combining the analysis of all multi-omics data for ML showed higher AUC values compared with analyzing each element separately, suggesting the potential for a highly accurate diagnosis of cancer. Overall, our results from ML analysis using multi-omics data obtained from blood demonstrate a remarkable ability of the model to distinguish between lung cancer and healthy individuals, highlighting the potential for a diagnostic model against lung cancer.
Based on a historical analysis of university-industry collaboration (UIC) in Japan, this paper elucidates the relationships between a variety of UIC types and the functional differentiation of ...boundary-spanning organisations to promote UIC from a resource dependence perspective. To overcome the traditional limitations of informal, inter-personal collaboration, the Japanese government has made intensive institutional and organisational reforms to establish formal boundary-spanning organisations in universities since the late 1980s. This paper investigates the roles, effects, and limitations of boundary-spanning organisations, such as (1) UI Cooperative Research Centres initiated in 1987, (2) Approved Technology Licensing Organisations in 1998, and (3) Intellectual Property Headquarters in 2003, which have mediated different types of UIC. The research results suggest that formal boundary-spanning organisations can significantly drive the growth of UI collaborations and that the different types of UIC require a functional specialisation in boundary-spanning organisations by developing coordinative expertise, human resources, institutional arrangements, and organisational structures. Furthermore, for instituting effective organisational management of UIC in university, this research emphasises the significance of integrity and coherence among different boundary-spanning functions.
Although the existing information systems (IS) literature investigated technology acceptance in the early stages of implementation, it is outdated and has a theoretical limitation in its ...understanding of users as passive recipients of technology. Addressing such limitations, this research focuses on innovative IS behavior as a crucial pattern of IS behavior. To predict innovative IS behaviors of front-office employees at hotels, this research analyzes the personal attitude of commitment to service quality and organizational conditions of psychological empowerment and organizational IS support for employees. The research results emphasize personal attitude, the significance of organizational predictors, and the effect of their interaction on innovative IS behaviors.
Given their significant regional economic benefits, science and technology parks (STPs) have attracted continuous academic attention. To understand the predictors of performance of STPs, this study ...focuses on the critical impacts of leaders and develops a leadership competency model specialized for public STP leaders. The competency model identifies the qualities and conditions of an effective leader of public STPs, emphasizing management skills, bottom-up approach, and boundary spanning skills. To provide empirical support, this study adopts the case study approach and performs a behavior event interview with one of the most successful leaders of public STPs in Korea.
Abstract Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (Ask1) is one of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) for cell differentiation and apoptosis. The aim of the present study is to ...evaluate whether RNA interference against Ask1 (Ask1-siRNA) down-regulates the expression of Ask1 and prevents apoptotic neuronal cell death after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in mice. Mice were subjected to intraluminal suture occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 1 h, followed by reperfusion. The Ask1-siRNA or a control-siRNA was introduced using osmotic pump intracerebroventricularly at 3 days before I/R. The expression and mRNA of Ask1 were evaluated by Western blot and RT-PCR after I/R with time. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were also investigated to evaluate the effect of Ask1 on cerebral infarction by Ask1-siRNA treatment. The expression of Ask1 was increased significantly at 8 h after I/R. The level of mRNA and protein of Ask1 down-regulated after treatment of Ask1-siRNA and subsequently cerebral infarction volume was reduced. Our results suggest the increased Ask1 expression induce apoptotic cell death after I/R. And we also demonstrated that Ask1-siRNA attenuates upregulation of Ask1, which was followed by the reduction of infarction in ischemic brain after I/R. Ask1-siRNA could represent a molecular target for prevention of ischemic stroke.
Abstract Recent studies demonstrate that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is closely involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. This study investigated the role of MMP-9 in hippocampal cell death ...after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). We showed that MMP-9 expression and activity significantly increased and β1-integrin levels decreased on day 3 after SE. β1-integrin degradation was also observed in hippocampal ex vivo extracts incubated with recombinant active MMP-9. Treatment with a selective MMP-9 inhibitor attenuated MMP-9 up-regulation, β1-integrin degradation, the reduction of ILK activity and Akt phosphorylation, and subsequent hippocampal damage after SE. However, co-treatment with anti-β1-integrin antibody almost completely blocked the protective effects of the MMP-9 inhibitor on both integrin-mediated survival signaling and hippocampal cell death. Our study demonstrates that MMP-9 induces apoptotic hippocampal cell death by interrupting integrin-mediated survival signaling after SE and suggests that MMP-9 may be a promising target for a neuroprotective approach to preventing seizure-induced hippocampal damage.
•A new method to examine column shortening and shore safety of high-rise building is developed.•Both the construction sequence and the inelastic behavior of concrete are considered.•Analysis results ...generally simulated the experimental data well in all cases.•The effects of the construction method on column shortening and shore safety factors were examined.
An analysis method to examine the column shortening and shore safety of high-rise buildings from the construction period through the service life is developed. The effects of both the construction sequence and the inelastic behavior of concrete are considered in the analysis in three dimensions. The examination of safety during construction and the column shortening predictions are also discussed. Through a comparison of the analysis results and the measured data, it was found that the analysis results generally simulated the trends in the measured data well in all cases. Finally, the effects of the construction method on column shortening and shore safety were examined.
Capsanthin is a red pigment and the major carotenoid component of red paprika (Capsicum annuum L.). However, its role in atherosclerosis is yet to be fully elucidated. This study investigated the ...role of dietary capsanthin in vascular inflammation in atherosclerotic mice. We evaluated the anti-atherosclerotic effects of daily oral administration of capsanthin (0.5 mg/kg of body weight/day) in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice fed a Western-type diet (WD). Capsanthin treatment inhibited vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression and nuclear factor-κB ser536 phosphorylation in tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated cultured endothelial cells. Dietary capsanthin significantly inhibited the WD-induced elevation in the plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride in mice. Interestingly, capsanthin reduced aortic plaque formation and VCAM-1 expression, which is vascular inflammation, in atherosclerotic mice. In addition, the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, a systemic inflammatory marker, was inhibited in capsanthin-treated mice. Furthermore, capsanthin significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, in the plasma of atherosclerotic mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that dietary capsanthin plays a protective role against atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. This protective effect could be attributed to the anti-inflammatory properties of capsanthin.
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