Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Brief Resilience Scale Kim, Junhyung; Jeong, Hyun-Ghang; Lee, Moon-Soo ...
Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology,
11/2023, Letnik:
21, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Objective: To translate the Brief Resilience Scale into Korean and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods: To investigate the factor structure of the Brief Resilience Scale, we examined a ...two-factor model comprising positively and negatively worded items. Congruent and divergent validity of the Brief Resilience Scale were investigated using correlation analysis between the Brief Resilience Scale and resilience, depression, and perceived stress. By conducting an analysis of variance among groups classified by suicidality (no suicidality, only suicidal ideation, and suicidal ideation or suicidal plan groups), we evaluated how well the Brief Resilience Scale could detect people with a high risk of suicide. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis results supported the construct validity of the Brief Resilience Scale using a two-factor model. Cronbach's alpha (0.91) and McDonald's omega (0.91) scores indicated high internal consistency. Correlation analysis showed that the Brief Resilience Scale scores were strongly associated with a questionnaire evaluating resilience, depression, and perceived stress. Analysis of variance and post-hoc tests showed that he Brief Resilience Scale scores were highest in the no suicidality group (p ＜ 0.001). Conclusion: The Korean version of the Brief Resilience Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating resilience as the capacity to recover from adversity and endure obstacles or stress. This study also provides important evidence regarding the sensitivity of the Brief Resilience Scale to suicidal risk.
We investigated the clinical implication of ANCA positivity at diagnosis on the poor outcomes in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. The medical records of 606 Korean patients with Sjögren’s syndrome ...were retrospectively reviewed. The results of perinuclear (P)-ANCA, myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, cytoplasmic (C)-ANCA, and proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA were collected and the frequencies of all-cause mortality, interstitial lung disease (ILD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and lymphoma were assessed as the poor outcomes of Sjögren’s syndrome. Comparison of the cumulative patient survivals between the two groups was analysed by the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Of the 606 patients, ANCA was detected in 10.2% of Sjögren’s syndrome patients without AAV. Twenty-one patients (3.5%) died, 99 patients (16.3%) suffered from ILD, and 8 patients had ESRD. Lymphoma occurred in 5 patients (0.8%) during 37.5 months. Sjögren’s syndrome patients with ANCA positivity exhibited a lower cumulative ILD-free survival rate than those with ANCA negativity (
P
= 0.001). Sjögren’s syndrome patients with P-ANCA positivity and those with MPO-ANCA (or P-ANCA) positivity showed a lower cumulative ILD-free survival rate than those without (
P
= 0.012 and
P
< 0.001). Also, Sjögren’s syndrome patients with P-ANCA positivity exhibited a lower cumulative ESRD-free survival rate than those without (
P
= 0.043). ANCA positivity was associated with neither all-cause mortality nor lymphoma in Sjögren’s syndrome patients. ANCA positivity and MPO-ANCA (or P-ANCA) positivity at diagnosis was associated with the development of ILD during follow-up in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome.
Azathioprine (AZA), methotrexate, or rituximab is used for the maintenance therapy of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). Although the efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) in ...various autoimmune diseases has been demonstrated, there have been few reports on the efficacy of TAC in AAV. We investigated the efficacy of TAC as maintenance therapy for AAV and compared its efficacy with that of AZA.We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 81 patients with AAV who received cyclophosphamide as induction therapy and AZA or TAC as maintenance therapy. All-cause death, relapse, and progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were analyzed.Among 81 patients with AAV, 69 patients received AZA alone, 6 patients received TAC alone, and 6 patients received TAC after AZA for maintenance therapy. Overall, 11 patients (13.6%) died, 30 patients (37.0%) experienced relapse, and 16 patients (19.8%) progressed to ESRD during a median of 33.8 months. No significant differences were observed in cumulative patients', relapse-free, and ESRD-free survival rates between patients administered AZA alone and TAC alone. There were no significant differences in the cumulative patients' and relapse-free survival rate between patients who received AZA alone and TAC after AZA. However, the cumulative ESRD-free survival rate was lower in patients who received TAC after AZA than in those who received AZA alone (P = .027).Patients who received TAC as maintenance therapy showed a higher incidence of ESRD than those who received AZA; however, this might be attributed to the lack of efficacy of AZA rather than the low ESRD prevention effect of TAC.
Despite the promise of phage therapy (PT), its efficacy in prosthetic joint infection (PJI) management is unknown. Much of the current literature is largely limited to case reports and series.
In ...order to help inform power calculations for future clinical trials and comparative analyses, we performed a systematic review and proportional meta-analysis of early PT outcomes to provide a preliminary assessment of early phage therapy treatment outcomes for cases of PJI.
In a search of available literature across MEDLINE (Ovid, Wolters Kluwer, Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands), Embase (Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), the Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate, London, UK), and Cochrane Central (Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA) up to 23 September 2023, we identified 37 patients with PJIs receiving adjunctive PT. Patients most frequently reported
species infection (95%) and intraarticular phage delivery (73%). Phage cocktail (65%) and antibiotic co-administration (97%) were common. A random-effects proportional meta-analysis suggested infection remission in 78% of patients (95% CI: 39%, 95%) (
= 55%,
= 0.08) and 83% with a minimum 12-month follow-up (95% CI: 53%, 95%) (
= 26%,
= 0.26).
Our study provides a preliminary estimate of PT's efficacy in PJIs and informs future comparative studies.
We investigated (1) pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with and without disabilities, (2) time trends in deliveries, and (3) risks of pregnancy and neonatal complications among women with ...various disability types and severity. This was a nationwide population-based study merging the database of the Korea National Health Insurance claims, National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children, and Disability Registration System to compare perinatal outcomes in women with and without disabilities. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were analyzed during 2007 and 2015, as were time trends of deliveries. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate risk of perinatal outcomes among women with various disability types and severities. Women with disabilities showed higher rates of cesarean section (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.69-1.77), hypertensive disorders (aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.63-1.86), placenta abruption (aOR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.12-1.45), placenta previa (aOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.24), stillbirths (aOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.17-1.45), preterm births (aOR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.57-1.78), and LBW (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.78-1.97) than those without disabilities. From 2007 to 2015, although delivery rate in women with disabilities decreased steeply compared with that in women without disabilities, the rate of cesarean section increased in women with disabilities. Women with intellectual disability and those with vision impairment had the highest number of perinatal complications among women with various types of disabilities. Women with disability had more adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes than those without disabilities. Specific disability types & severities are more vulnerable to specific perinatal complications.
To ensure safe port operations around the world, it is important to solve mooring problems. In particular, the many ports that face open seas have difficulties with long-period waves. As a ...countermeasure, the installation of a breakwater is proposed for mooring safety. However, this often cannot be put into practice because of financial issues. Instead, port terminals control berthing schedules with weather forecasting. However, mooring problems remain unsolved, because of inaccurate wave forecasting. To quantify the current situation, numerical simulations are presented with ship motions, fender deflections, and rope tensions. In addition, novel simulations for mooring ropes are proposed considering tension, friction, bending fatigue, and temperature. With this novel simulation, the optimal mooring method in terms of safety and economic efficiency was confirmed. In terms of safety, the optimal mooring method is verified to minimize dangerous mooring situations. Moreover, the optimal mooring method shows economic benefits and efficiency. It can help to reinforce the safety of port terminals and improve the efficiency of port operations.
•Developed model can evaluate the safety of mooring ropes by temperature.•HMPE with balanced mooring arrangement is advantageous for mooring safety.•Cost-benefit evaluation method is newly introduced for the safety of moored ship.•This method is expected to solve the current mooring problems all over the world.
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is one of the acute phase proteins synthesized in hepatocytes and secreted by various inflammation or infectious stimuli. We investigated the clinical implication of measuring ...SAA in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody- (ANCA-) associated vasculitis (AAV). Seventy-five patients who had been classified as AAV and enrolled in our prospective observational cohort for AAV patients were included. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained on the day of blood sampling, and SAA was measured by ELISA kits. Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) and Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) were assessed for disease activity and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) measures. We stratified patients into having high BVAS when the BVAS was over the median values, and those with either low SF-36 PCS or low SF-36 MCS were defined as having poor HRQoL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate independent predictors of high BVAS. The relative risk (RR) was analyzed using the contingency tables and the chi-squared test. SAA was positively correlated with BVAS (r=0.642) and FFS (r=0.367) and was inversely correlated with both the SF-36 physical component summary (r=−0.456) and mental component summary scores (r=−0.394). Furthermore, SAA was significantly correlated with acute phase reactants ESR (r=0.611) and CRP (r=0.629). Patients with high BVAS exhibited significantly higher SAA than those with low BVAS (1317.1 ng/mL vs. 423.1 ng/mL). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, serum albumin (odds ratio (OR) 0.132) and SAA>1173.6 ng/mL (OR 15.132) were independently associated with high BVAS. The risk of having high BVAS and poor HRQoL in patients with SAA>1173.6 ng/mL was higher than in those with SAA≤1173.6 ng/mL (RR 3.419 and 1.493). Our results suggest that SAA might be a useful biomarker in assessing disease activity and HRQoL in AAV.
Abstract
Background
While numerous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that glaucoma is associated with smaller volumes of the visual cortices in the brain, only a few studies have linked glaucoma ...with brain structures beyond the visual cortices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare brain imaging markers and neuropsychological performance between individuals with and without glaucoma.
Methods
We identified 64 individuals with glaucoma and randomly selected 128 age-, sex-, and education level-matched individuals without glaucoma from a community-based cohort. The study participants underwent 3 T brain magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessment battery. Regional cortical thickness and subcortical volume were estimated from the brain images of the participants. We used a linear mixed model after adjusting for potential confounding variables.
Results
Cortical thickness in the occipital lobe was significantly smaller in individuals with glaucoma than in the matched individuals (β = − 0.04 mm,
P
= 0.014). This did not remain significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors (β = − 0.02 mm,
P
= 0.67). Individuals with glaucoma had smaller volumes of the thalamus (β = − 212.8 mm
3
,
P
= 0.028), caudate (β = − 170.0 mm
3
,
P
= 0.029), putamen (β = − 151.4 mm
3
,
P
= 0.051), pallidum (β = − 103.6 mm
3
,
P
= 0.007), hippocampus (β = − 141.4 mm
3
,
P
= 0.026), and amygdala (β = − 87.9 mm
3
,
P
= 0.018) compared with those without glaucoma. Among neuropsychological battery tests, only the Stroop color reading test score was significantly lower in individuals with glaucoma compared with those without glaucoma (β = − 0.44,
P
= 0.038).
Conclusions
We found that glaucoma was associated with smaller volumes of the thalamus, caudate, putamen, pallidum, amygdala, and hippocampus.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a global public health concern, may lead to death and major disability. While various short-term, small-sample, and cross-sectional studies on TBI have been conducted in ...South Korea, there is a lack of clarity on the nationwide longitudinal TBI trends in the country. This retrospective study investigated the epidemiological TBI trends in South Korea, using a population-based dataset of the National Health Insurance (2008–2017). The crude and age adjusted TBI incidence and mortality values were calculated and stratified by age, sex, and TBI diagnosis. The age-adjusted incidence per 100,000 people increased until 2010 and showed a decreasing trend (475.8 cases in 2017) thereafter; however, a continuously decreasing age-adjusted mortality trend was observed (42.9 cases in 2008, 11.3 in 2017). The crude incidence rate increased continually in those aged >70 years across all the TBI diagnostic categories. The mortality per 100,000 people was significantly higher among participants aged ≥70 years than in the other age groups. We observed changing trends in the TBI incidence, with a continuously decreasing overall incidence and a rapidly increasing incidence and high mortality values in older adults. Our findings highlight the importance of active TBI prevention in elderly people.
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