Background and aims: Over the past two decades in Taiwan, pyogenic liver abscess has usually been caused by a single microorganism, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and is frequently associated with the ...serious complication of endophthalmitis, especially in diabetic patients. However, the relationship between the clinical presentation and bacterial factors remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of patients and the serotype and ribotype of K pneumoniae liver abscess. Methods: From July 1991 to June 1998, a total of 134 cases of K pneumoniae liver abscess with 248 K pneumoniae isolates from the same patients were collected from two large medical centres in northern Taiwan. Clinical data were collected from medical records. Serotyping and ribotyping were performed using the countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis method and automated Riboprinter. Results: Serotyping revealed that the most common serotypes were K1 (63.4%) and K2 (14.2%). K1 isolates occurred at a significantly higher frequency (p<0.01) than all other serotypes. Among 134 patients, 105 (78.4%) had suffered from diabetes mellitus for 3–15 years. Fourteen patients (10.4%) had metastatic infection to the eye causing septic endophthalmitis. Liver aspirates, and blood and vitreous pus cultures yielded the same serotype of K pneumoniae in all patients. Among patients with septic endophthalmitis, 92.3% (13/14) were diabetic, and 85.7% (12/14) of the isolates belonged to serotype K1. For molecular typing, different degrees of genetic polymorphism among isolates with the same K1 serotype suggested no particular prevalence of any one strain in K pneumoniae liver abscess. Conclusion: K pneumoniae serotype K1 was significantly associated with liver abscess and the complication of endophthalmitis, especially in diabetic patients. Physicians should request an immediate report of serotyping and susceptibility test results simultaneously if a diagnosis of pyogenic liver abscess has been made so that early and appropriate management for possible complications will not be delayed. The use of ceftriaxone because of its higher concentration in the aqueous humor is suggested to decrease the chance of septic endophthalmitis.
The cellular entry of Hantaan virus (HTN) occurs through interactions with β3 integrins as cellular receptors. However, the process of HTN infection following attachment to the cell surface is not ...well understood. Our data indicate that overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant dynamin inhibits HTN internalization and that compounds that block clathrin- but not caveolae-dependent endocytosis also reduce HTN infectivity. In addition, we show that HTN colocalizes with the clathrin heavy chain but not with caveolae. At the early phase of infection HTN colocalizes with EEA-1, an early endosome marker, and later, HTN colocalizes with LAMP-1, a lysosome marker. Cells treated with lysosomotropic agents are largely resistant to infection, suggesting that a low-pH-dependent step is required for HTN infection. These findings demonstrate that HTN enters cells via the clathrin-coated pit pathway and uses low-pH-dependent intracellular compartments for infectious entry.
碩士
中國文化大學
國際貿易學系
104
Importance: Fan relationship management is one of important strategic issues for doing business. Few managing fan pages can survive without building and maintaining solid online ...and offline interpersonal interaction with their followers. Rather, relation-ship benefit and relationship quality have received relatively little attention in the Coser marketing literature; the goal of this study tries to fill this gap in the literature.
Purpose: This study investigates Coser fan page users and its members to develop a comprehensive research model for relationship establishing. In the online and offline context, the proposed model discusses two phases: firstly, the relationship benefit fac-tors whether effects on respondents’ perceptions of relationship quality building. Sec-ondly, dimensions of relationship quality whether enhance respondents’ perceptions of relational benefits which can develop loyalty intention and promote respondents’ word of mouth engagement towards Coser and its fan manage
碩士
國立臺北教育大學
課程與教學研究所
98
The purpose of this research is to study M. Foucault’s viewpoint of the aesthetics of existence, and try to find the inspirations for curriculum aesthetics. After exploring M. ...Foucault’s viewpoint of the aesthetics of existence, researcher sum up three core concepts of the self-care, ethical subjects and technologies of the self skills, and practical approaches including limit experience , out of thinking and true game. Furthermore, researcher oriented dialogue on critical aesthetics through the core infrastructure, aesthetic ideas, practical approaches and in the form of freedom. And then, pointing out that the ultimate aesthetics of existence lies in care of the self. In addition, they exceed the implicit concept of ethics as well as practical outlook for the current criticism of aesthetics-oriented courses to provide another round of new thinking.
Finally, as a point of view of the revelation of the aesthetics curriculum, researcher believe that the program should be to arouse the s
碩士
國立中山大學
企業管理研究所
84
Because the game rule has changed in the industries, the
resource -based model becomes more popular when enterprises
diversify.Due to this reason, this research creates a ...practical
model of diver -sification, which combines the concept of core
competence and strategic intent. Practicing this model,
enterprises can get growth by means of using resources well and
diversifying in such a competitive environment. The research
obtains some conclusions listed below： 1 .In the industries,it
should be recognized that the game rule has become internal
resource-oriented which was external market-oriented before. 2
.Enterprises should be viewed as a portfolio of core compe
-tences instead of products. 3 .Diversification should be
viewed as a mean instead of a final object. 4 .The selection of
diversifying businesses should be judged by the criteria of
skill transfer or resource sharing in the present or future. 5
.Due to the fact that all long-lasting competitive advantages
are based on strong human
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