A new method of numerical simulating prediction and decontamination effect evaluation for abrasive jet decontamination to radioactively contaminated metal is proposed. Based on the Computational ...Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Model (CFD-DEM) coupled simulation model, the motion patterns and distribution of abrasives can be predicted, and the decontamination effect can be evaluated by image processing and recognition technology. The impact of three key parameters (impact distance, inlet pressure, abrasive mass flow rate) on the decontamination effect is revealed. Moreover, here are experiments of reliability verification to decontamination effect and numerical simulation methods that has been conducted. The results show that: 60Co and other homogeneous solid solution radioactive pollutants can be removed by abrasive jet, and the average removal rate of Co exceeds 80%. It is reliable for the proposed numerical simulation and evaluation method because of the well goodness of fit between predicted value and actual values: The predicted values and actual values of the abrasive distribution diameter are Ф57 and Ф55; the total coverage rate is 26.42% and 23.50%; the average impact velocity is 81.73 m/s and 78.00 m/s. Further analysis shows that the impact distance has a significant impact on the distribution of abrasive particles on the target surface, the coverage rate of the core area increases at first, and then decreases with the increase of the impact distance of the nozzle, which reach a maximum of 14.44% at 300 mm. It is recommended to set the impact distance around 300 mm, because at this time the core area coverage of the abrasive is the largest and the impact velocity is stable at the highest speed of 81.94 m/s. The impact of the nozzle inlet pressure on the decontamination effect mainly affects the impact kinetic energy of the abrasive and has little impact on the distribution. The greater the inlet pressure, the greater the impact kinetic energy, and the stronger the decontamination ability of the abrasive. But in return, the energy consumption is higher, too. For the decontamination of radioactively contaminated metals, it is recommended to set the inlet pressure of the nozzle at around 0.6 MPa. Because most of the Co elements can be removed under this pressure. Increasing the mass and flow of abrasives appropriately can enhance the decontamination effectiveness. The total mass of abrasives per unit decontamination area is suggested to be 50 g because the core area coverage rate of the abrasive is relatively large under this condition; and the nozzle wear extent is acceptable.
The measurement of material level change in uranium fluorination has an essential influence on uranium production quality. In this study, a method to determine the level change of uranium ...fluorination mixture in the hopper by online radiation meter outside hopper is established. We have designed an experiment to study the change of radiation field outside the hopper with a known height of radioactive material to discover its regular pattern. The experimental results show that when the probe is placed 50 mm away from the cylinder wall, the average radiation dose is more significant, and the change of radiation dose measured by the instrument at this position is more evident than that at other positions. Then through the measurement of the external radiation field of the hopper with unknown material level to estimate the material level, and by opening the cover of hopper to verify the accuracy of the material level measurement method. Based on the experimental results and theoretical analysis, a method and formula for judging the mixture material are proposed. This method can quickly determine the level of uranium fluoride mixture in the hopper online, realize the accurate control of material parameters in the process of uranium conversion, and improve the quality of uranium conversion products.
•A method of using gamma-ray dose Instruments to ensure optimal uranium fluorination is proposed.•The change of gamma radiation field outside the uranium fluorination hopper has been analyzed and visualized through amounts of data, which provides basis for the establishment of radiation field model.•A mathematical model suitable for monitoring liquid level in uranium fluoride hopper is established.
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between three types of norms, two types of green purchase attitude, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and the intention to visit green ...hotels. An integrated theoretical framework was used in this study based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A total of 409 questionnaires were collected for analysis followed by subsequent empirical testing of the postulated hypotheses, which was performed using SPSS and AMOS. The results suggest that subjective norm positively influences personal norm, implicit attitude, explicit attitude, and intention. Personal norm, implicit attitude, explicit attitude, and PBC positively influence intention, respectively, while descriptive norm negatively influences intention. Furthermore, personal norm, implicit attitude, and explicit attitude were shown to partially mediate the relationship between subjective norm and intention to visit green hotels. This study expanded the TPB model by incorporating descriptive norm, intrinsic attitude, extrinsic attitude, and personal norm in the model to provide a better understanding of green hotel selection. The expanded TPB model will assist in clarifying the roles of the different types of attitudes and norms, and helps to determine the direct and indirect effect of each variable on customers' decision to visit green hotels.
Background: The increasing interest in acupuncture for promoting post-operative rehabilitation has encouraged its use in rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but its effectiveness ...remains controversial. Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy of different models of acupuncture-related therapies on pain relief, motor function, inflammation, and overall rehabilitation of the knee after TKA. Methods: Databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched to screen eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All RCTs that used acupuncture/moxibustion on TKA patients were included by two researchers independently after rigorous quality evaluation, with data extracted. The statistics were performed by using R 4.2.3 and Stata 17. Results: The network meta-analysis incorporated 28 RCTs, with 21 of them conducted in Chinese mainland and Taiwan region. Evidence of the relation of several common acupuncture /moxibustion treatments was shown by the network meta-analysis (NMA). The results of NMA showed that electroacupuncture was the preferred therapy for soothing pain symptoms (standardized mean difference=0.58, 95% CI=0.36 to 0.81). Auricular acupressure was the best treatment to improve the knee motor function. Electroacupuncture was superior to special acupuncture in relieving knee joint stiffness and inflammation. Conclusion: Acupuncture intervention, especially electroacupuncture, can effectively alleviate pain, improve motion, reduce stiffness, and decrease inflammation in post-TKA patients, with no serious adverse events.
The β
-adrenergic receptor (β
AR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that responds to the hormone adrenaline and is an important drug target in the context of respiratory diseases, including ...asthma. β
AR function can be regulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination at the C-terminus, but access to the full-length β
AR with well-defined and homogeneous modification patterns critical for biochemical and biophysical studies remains challenging. Here, we report a practical synthesis of differentially modified, full-length β
AR based on a combined native chemical ligation (NCL) and sortase ligation strategy. An array of homogeneous samples of full-length β
ARs with distinct modification patterns, including a full-length β
AR bearing both monoubiquitination and octaphosphorylation modifications, were successfully prepared for the first time. Using these homogeneously modified full-length β
AR receptors, we found that different phosphorylation patterns mediate different interactions with β-arrestin1 as reflected in different agonist binding affinities. Our experiments also indicated that ubiquitination can further modulate interactions between β
AR and β-arrestin1. Access to full-length β
AR with well-defined and homogeneous modification patterns at the C-terminus opens a door to further in-depth mechanistic studies into the structure and dynamics of β
AR complexes with downstream transducer proteins, including G proteins, arrestins, and GPCR kinases.
A new method of numerical simulating prediction and decontamination effect evaluation for abrasive jet decontamination to radioactively contaminated metal is proposed. Based on the Computational ...Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Model (CFD-DEM) coupled simulation model, the motion patterns and distribution of abrasives can be predicted, and the decontamination effect can be evaluated by image processing and recognition technology. The impact of three key parameters (impact distance, inlet pressure, abrasive mass flow rate) on the decontamination effect is revealed. Moreover, here are experiments of reliability verification to decontamination effect and numerical simulation methods that has been conducted. The results show that: 60Co and other homogeneous solid solution radioactive pollutants can be removed by abrasive jet, and the average removal rate of Co exceeds 80%. It is reliable for the proposed numerical simulation and evaluation method because of the well goodness of fit between predicted value and actual values: The predicted values and actual values of the abrasive distribution diameter are Ф57 and Ф55; the total coverage rate is 26.42% and 23.50%; the average impact velocity is 81.73 m/s and 78.00 m/s. Further analysis shows that the impact distance has a significant impact on the distribution of abrasive particles on the target surface, the coverage rate of the core area increases at first, and then decreases with the increase of the impact distance of the nozzle, which reach a maximum of 14.44% at 300 mm. It is recommended to set the impact distance around 300 mm, because at this time the core area coverage of the abrasive is the largest and the impact velocity is stable at the highest speed of 81.94 m/s. The impact of the nozzle inlet pressure on the decontamination effect mainly affects the impact kinetic energy of the abrasive and has little impact on the distribution. The greater the inlet pressure, the greater the impact kinetic energy, and the stronger the decontamination ability of the abrasive. But in return, the energy consumption is higher, too. For the decontamination of radioactively contaminated metals, it is recommended to set the inlet pressure of the nozzle at around 0.6 MPa. Because most of the Co elements can be removed under this pressure. Increasing the mass and flow of abrasives appropriately can enhance the decontamination effectiveness. The total mass of abrasives per unit decontamination area is suggested to be 50 g because the core area coverage rate of the abrasive is relatively large under this condition; and the nozzle wear extent is acceptable.
Using 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone （DDQ） as the oxidant, we communicate an efficient oxidative C-N coupling of benzylic C-H bonds with amides to afford a series of amination products in ...good yields. A wide range of functional groups as well as various sulfonamides and carboxamides are well tolerated. Moreover, this reaction involves both the challenging C-H functionalization and C-N bond formation.
Dear Editor,
Benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） is the most common genitourinary tract disease in elderly males.The two-micron laser combines the advantages of efficient resection and rapid ...vaporization, resulting in high-performance resection and excellent hemostasis in resection of the prostate adenoma, which makes it an effective and promising modality in BPH treatment. However, severe edema and necrosis of the remaining prostatic tissue after vaporesection of the prostatic adenoma may cause severe irritative and/or obstructive symptoms and may even result in the need for a second operation. Rapid wound re-epithelialization in the prostatic urethra can, however, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications after transurethral resection of the prostate （TURP）.
Benzoylaconitine (BAC), the main hydrolysate of aconitine, is a lower toxic monoester type alkaloid considered as the pharmacodynamic constituent in Aconitum species. In this study, the effects and ...mechanisms of BAC on production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were investigated in IL-1β-stimulated human synovial SW982 cells. The SW982 cells were incubated with BAC (0, 5 and 10 µM) before stimulating with IL-1β (10 ng/mL). The results revealed that BAC suppressed gene and protein expression of IL-6 and IL-8 induced by IL-1β. BAC decreased activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphorylation of Akt. BAC also inhibited degradation of inhibitor of kappaB (IκB)-α, phosphorylation and nuclear transposition of p65 protein. The results demonstrate that BAC exerts an anti-inflammatory effect dependent on MAPK, Akt and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways in human synovial cells stimulated with IL-1β, suggesting that BAC may be exploited as a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) have been shown to play important regulatory roles in cancer biology and functional IncRNAs can be ...used for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. One IncRNA that has attracted significant attention is urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1), which is significantly up-regulated in most tumour tissues and cancer cells. However, the contributions of UCA1 to CRC remain largely unknown. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of UCA1 in CRC. First, we evaluated whether UCA1 is detectable or altered in CRC tissues or cell lines compared to adjacent normal tissues or normal cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The potential relationship between UCA1 levels in tumour tissues and the clinicopatho-logical features of CRC was then investigated. Finally, we assessed whether UCA1 influences cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution and migration in vitro. Our results demonstrated that UCA1 levels were markedly increased in CRC tissues and cells compared to controls, and this high level of UCA1 expression was significantly correlated with larger tumour size, less differentiated histology and greater tumour depth. In addition, patients with high UCA1 expression had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with low UCA1 expression. Moreover, UCA1 was found to influence the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle progression of CRC cells. These data suggest an important role for UCA1 in the molecular aetiology of CRC and suggest a potential application for UCA1 in CRC diagnosis, progression and therapy.
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