Exsanguination is an underestimated cause of treatment failures in patients with severe trauma or undergoing surgery. In some patients the primary dysfunction of blood clot formation is a direct ...cause of a massive blood loss. Patients without previous coagulation disorders are at risk of coagulopathy following intraoperative or post-traumatic bleeding, where the local haemostasis does not warrant bleeding cessation.
was to assess the therapeutic value of various components of a complex interdisciplinary approach, based on the opinion of the experts treating patients with massive bleeding.
The study was conducted by anonymous questionnaire, using the analogue representation of the argument strength. The results were analyzed based on the techniques of descriptive statistics. The argument was considered a key parameter, when the median value of strength was located in the highest quartile.
It was found that the arguments of the highest strength for the risk of developing the posthaemorrhagic coagulation disorders are: loss of more than one third of blood volume, fluid therapy in an amount greater than 35 ml/kg, administration of more than 5 units of packed red blood cells, insufficient supply of fresh frozen plasma and platelets in proportion to packed red blood cells, severe acidosis and hypothermia. The most important tests for post-haemorrhage coagulopathy are: anatomically non-localized bleed, abnormal values of the standard coagulation parameters and fibrinogen level below 1 g/L. In the treatment of post-haemorrhagic coagulopathy the team of experts pointed out the benefits of antifibrinolytic drugs, concentrates of prothrombin complex and recombinant activated coagulation factor VII.
Multidisciplinary therapeutic management of bleeding patients is associated with employment of appropriate treatment methods to achieve the best possible outcome. Factors influencing the development of coagulopathy, the methods of diagnosis and proposed techniques of treatment may facilitate therapeutic decisions in bleeding patients requiring massive transfusion of blood components.
Human anatomy is one of basic courses in medical education. It usually takes place during the first year of the medical school syllabus. However, the results of the course, if defined as profound ...anatomical knowledge, are not applied by the students until several years after the final anatomy examination. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anatomical knowledge of senior medical students. For this reason a survey was distributed among teachers responsible for clinical rotas. The results of the study were intended to give the answer to the question, "What do students remember several years after the anatomy examination?" as expressed by their clinical teachers. The questionnaire included four closed questions and one open question. The closed questions concerned general anatomical knowledge, whether the anatomy course should be extended and whether additional courses should be introduced and included a question about student knowledge of particular systems. The open question concerned ways of improving anatomical education. As a result of the survey it was observed that surgical specialists had a significantly lower opinion of the medical knowledge of their students than had medical specialists. Most of the suggestions for improving anatomical education were related to introducing clinical applications of anatomical knowledge.
Butter stabilization by plant phenolic antioxidants Wojdylo, A., E-mail: aneta@ozi.ar.wroc.pl; Oszmanski, J; Sokol-Letowska, A. (Wroclaw Agricultural University (Poland). Dept. of Fruit and Vegetable Processing) ...
Polish journal of food and nutrition sciences,
(2005), Letnik:
14
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of natural polyphenolic antioxidants isolated from the roots of skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) and procyanidins extracted from the bark of ...hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) on butter during storage. Alpha-Tocopherol, beta-carotene, fatty acids and cholesterol contents were analysed in butter stored for 28 days at a temperature of 4 and 30 deg C in darkness as well as at 50 deg C with light (3600-3900 lx). Moreover, an increase in peroxide value was measured using thiocyanate method and the content of secondary oxidation products was analysed during storage with the thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) methods. The highest increase in peroxide value and content of secondary oxidation products was observed for samples exposed to light and temperature. The flavones isolated from skullcap roots were characterized by significantly stronger antioxidant and photoprotection activity than procyanidins extracted from hawthorn bark. In butter samples with skullcap flavones added, the contents of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol were higher than in control samples, despite the storage conditions. Moreover, ground skullcap roots incorporated in the butter showed antioxidant activity as compared to a highly purified commercial preparation of skullcap
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