This report reviews China's water
scarcity situation, assesses the policy and institutional
requirements for addressing it, and recommends key areas for
strengthening and reform. It is a synthesis of ...the main
findings and recommendations from analytical work and case
studies prepared under the World Bank Analytical and
Advisory Assistance (AAA) program entitled 'Addressing
China's Water Scarcity: from Analysis to Action.'
These studies focus on several strategically important
thematic areas for China where additional research was
needed, as identified by the research team and advisory
group based on a review of pressing issues. These areas are
governance, water rights, pricing, ecological compensation,
pollution control, and emergency response. The approach has
been to evaluate Chinese and international experience to
identify policy and institutional factors that have proven
effective in promoting the adoption of water conservation
and pollution reduction technologies. The research was based
on literature reviews, qualitative and quantitative policy
analyses, household surveys, field trips, and case studies
to develop feasible recommendations for a plan of action
based on realities on the ground.
This evaluation finds that with its
global mandate and experience, comprehensive country
development focus, and overarching mission to fight poverty,
the World Bank Group is well positioned to help ...countries
overcome the policy, institutional, and technical challenges
that prevent them from transforming resource endowments into
sustainable benefits. Furthermore, the World Bank
Group's achievements are many. On the whole, its
extractive industries projects have produced positive
economic and financial results, though compliance with its
environmental and social safeguards remains a challenge. Its
research has broadened and deepened understanding of the
causes for the disappointing performance of resource-rich
countries. Its guidelines for the mitigation of adverse
environmental and social impacts have been widely used and
appreciated. More recently, it has begun to address the
challenge of country governance with a variety of instruments.
How effectively has the World Bank Group assisted its clients in enhancing the contribution of the extractive industries to sustainable development? This evaluation finds that with its global mandate ...and experience, comprehensive country development focus, and overarching mission to fight poverty, the World Bank Group is well positioned to help countries overcome the policy, institutional, and technical challenges that prevent them from transforming resource endowments into sustainable benefits. Furthermore, the World Bank Group’s achievements are many. On the whole, its extractive industries projects have produced positive economic and financial results, though compliance with its environmental and social safeguards remains a challenge. Its research has broadened and deepened understanding of the causes for the disappointing performance of resource-rich countries. Its guidelines for the mitigation of adverse environmental and social impacts have been widely used and appreciated. More recently, it has begun to address the challenge of country governance with a variety of instruments. The World Bank Group can, however, do much to improve its performance in enhancing the extractive industry sector’s contribution to sustainable development and poverty reduction. The report identifies three main areas for improvement – formulating an integrated strategy, strengthening implementation and engagement of stakeholders.
This chapter contains sections titled:
Introduction
China Faces a Severe Water Crisis
Technical Solutions are Available and Economically Feasible
Creating a Water Market for the Long Term
...Strengthening Pollution Management
Conclusions
A World Bank report on how effectively the bank group has helped its clients in improving the contribution of the extractive industries (EI) to sustainable development. The authors look at how the ...World Bank has formulated an integrated strategy for oil, gas, and mining of minerals and metals. The report also looks at how the bank has strengthened its project implementation and engaged the stakeholders to look at ways that mining can work with sustainable development and environmentally friendly extraction methods.
Background and Objective Michelitsch, Roland; Tarazona, Ethel I; Liebenthal, Andres
Extractive Industries and Sustainable Development,
2005
Book Chapter
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