Despite the rapidly identified numbers of lncRNA in humans, exploration of the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA is lagging, because the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA can be various and complex in ...different conditions. In this study, we found a new molecular mechanism for a versatile molecule, MIR22HG. MIR22HG is an lncRNA that contributes to the initiation and progression of many human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We report that MIR22HG was downregulated in 120 HCC samples compared with adjacent nontumor liver tissues. More interestingly, decreased expression of MIR22HG in HCC could predict poor prognosis of HCC patients. Knockdown of MIR22HG promoted the growth, migration and invasion of HCC cells. In exploring the molecular mechanism of MIR22HG, we found that MIR22HG functioned as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinomas, in part through serving as a competing endogenous RNA to modulate the miRNA‐10a‐5p level. Moreover, NCOR2 was verified to act as the downstream target gene of MIR22HG/miR‐10a‐5p. In addition, the MIR22HG/miRNA‐10a‐5p/NCOR2 axis inhibited the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Together, our results demonstrated that MIR22HG inhibited HCC progression in part through the miR‐10a‐5p/NCOR2 signaling axis and might act as a new prognostic biomarker for HCC patients.
A schematic model depicting the molecular mechanism of MIR22HG in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Development of sulfur cathodes with 100% coulombic efficiency (CE) and good cycle stability remains challenging due to the polysulfide dissolution in electrolytes. Here, it is demonstrated that ...electrochemical reduction of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) based electrolytes at a potential close to the sulfur cathode operation forms in situ protective coating on both cathode and anode surfaces. Quantum chemistry studies suggest the coating formation is initiated by the FSI(‐F) anion radicals generated during electrolyte reduction. Such a reduction additionally results in the formation of LiF. Accelerated cycle stability tests at 60 °C in a very simple electrolyte (LiFSI in dimethoxyethane with no additives) show an average CE approaching 100.0% over 1000 cycles with a capacity decay less than 0.013% per cycle after stabilization. Such a remarkable performance suggests a great promise of both an in situ formation of protective solid electrolyte coatings to avoid unwanted side reactions and the use of a LiFSI salt for this purpose.
Electrochemical reduction of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide‐based electrolytes allows in situ formation of efficient protective coatings on the surface of both electrodes, which dramatically improve Li/S cell coulombic efficiency and cycle stability. Quantum chemistry studies suggest the coating formation is initiated by the FSI(F) anion radicals generated during electrolyte reduction. Such a reduction additionally results in the formation of LiF.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a severe consequence of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, is often associated with high mortality and morbidity. Emerging evidence have shown that the ...inhibition of the extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway appears to protect against AMI. Epiregulin (EREG) is an autocrine growth factor that is believed to activate the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the expression patterns of EREG in AMI and to further study its effects on AMI induced experimentally in rats focusing on angiogenesis and left ventricular remodeling. Microarray‐based gene expression profiling of AMI was used to identify differentially expressed genes. To understand the biological significance of EREG and whether it is involved in AMI disease through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, rats after AMI were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against EREG, an ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor, PD98059, or both of them. The microarray data sets GSE66360 and GSE46395 showed that EREG was robustly induced in AMI. Both siRNA‐mediated depletion of EREG and PD98059 treatment were shown to significantly increase infarct size and left ventricular cardiomyocyte loss and enhance left ventricular remodeling. In addition, we also found that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was inhibited following siRNA‐mediated EREG inhibition and PD98059 could enhance the effects of EREG inhibition on AMI. In conclusion, these findings highlight that the silencing of EREG inhibits angiogenesis and promotes left ventricular remodeling by disrupting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, providing a novel therapeutic target for limiting AMI.
These findings highlight that the silencing of epiregulin inhibits angiogenesis and promotes left ventricular remodeling by disrupting the extracellular‐signal‐regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 signaling pathway, providing a novel therapeutic target for limiting acute myocardial infarction.
To increase the lipid productivity and thus to reduce the production cost of microalgal biodiesel, effects of cultivation conditions including KNO3-level, CO2 concentration and irradiance on the cell ...growth, chlorophyll a content and lipid accumulation of Chlorella vulgaris were systematically investigated in a membrane sparged photobioreactor. The biochemical compositions including carbohydrates, proteins and lipids were analyzed simultaneously by the FT-IR spectroscopy. The results showed that the largest biomass productivity and the highest lipid content were obtained at different cultivation conditions. The algae should be harvested at a point that optimized the biomass productivity and lipid content. When the cultivation conditions were controlled at 1.0mM KNO3, 1.0% CO2 and 60μmol photons m−2s−1 at 25°C, the highest lipid productivity obtained was 40mgL−1d−1, which was about 2.5-fold that had been reported by Illman et al. (2000). The influences of cultivation conditions on the cell growth, lipid accumulation, and other biochemical compositions of cells were further discussed and illustrated by a schematic which was also useful for other microalgal species.
A nanostructured C‐Li2S composite nanopowder is prepared via a scalable, high‐throughput solution‐processing method based on the steric separation of freshly nucleated Li2S nanoparticles and their ...self‐assembling. Each 100–200 nm particle is composed of smaller 5–20 nm Li2S nanoparticles uniformly distributed within a rigid carbon matrix. When used as a cathode material for Li cells, this composite demonstrates high rate performance, near‐theoretical capacity utilization, and excellent cycle stability.
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process in regard to its advantages, disadvantages and miscellaneous implementations, particularly in ...the solar energy field. Based on its advantages, a prominent role of VMD configuration in alleviating and tackling a sharp potable water shortage problem is presented, and multiple applications of a VMD hollow-fiber membrane module are exhibited in detail. The impact of different operating parameters on VMD output is dissected, and the diversified membrane characteristics are pointed out. Eventually, the mechanism model of the VMD heat and mass transfer is demonstrated.
•The vital role of VMD for the water shortage and energy crisis is demonstrated.•The advantages of VMD in exploiting solar energy are reported.•The different application areas for VMD are presented.•The integrated processes of VMD and other technologies are introduced.•Several classical models about heat and mass transfer in VMD process are given.
The most effective method of the fruit harvesting is the mechanical harvest. The frequency spectrum of different testing positions on a Ginkgo biloba tree under the impact excitation was tested in ...the laboratory. The acceleration responses under the harmonic excitation were measured at the frequency of the peak and trough points in the frequency spectrum curves. Results of this research indicate that the frequency spectrum presented the consistency on the same branch but distinction among different branches. There was a correspondence between the frequency spectrum characteristics and the vibration responses. The vibration responses could be strengthened at the resonant frequency. Merely, the acceleration responses at low frequency were very weak. At higher frequency, the vibration responses were strong but presented different characteristics among different branches. The acceleration response on the trunk was always the weakest. On the same branch, the dynamic responses presented the similar characteristics and the acceleration amplitude increased gradually as the testing position was located away from the excitation point on the trunk. Among different branches, the strongest dynamic response appeared at different frequencies. Our results indicate that it was difficult to induce the strong vibration response of all the branches at the single frequency during the practical mechanical harvesting of fruits.
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a complication that is sepsis-associated cardiovascular failure. In the last few decades, there is progress in diagnosis and treatment despite the lack of consistent ...diagnostic criteria. According to current studies, several hypotheses about pathogenic mechanisms have been revealed to elucidate the pathophysiological characteristics of SCM. The objective of this manuscript is to review literature from the past 5 years to provide an overview of current knowledge on pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment in SCM.
A precise self-adaptive multi-peak detection algorithm is proposed in this paper, which is used to process the spectral signal of the distributed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor systems. The wavelet ...threshold de-noising method is used to process the original spectral signal, and the Hilbert transform and the Gabor filtering method are introduced for self-adaptive segmentation of the peak region of the multi-peak spectrum. Taking the asymmetric characteristics of spectral peak into consideration, the shift of each peak is determined by the left and right half-peak areas. In addition, the exponentially modified Gaussian function is designed to modify the peak position. The experiments and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the traditional algorithms in detection precision and stability for the multi-peak spectral signal. This implies that the proposed algorithm provides a precise demodulation algorithm for the distributed FBG sensor network, and the multi-peak position can be achieved adaptively.
A high-power monolithic continuous wave (CW) Yb doped fiber amplifier at 1064 nm has been demonstrated based on traditional large mode area step-index fiber, which generated 5.07 kW narrow line-width ...laser with near diffraction-limited beam quality. At the maximal output power, >35dB OSNR has been achieved with line-width being 370pm, and the measured beam quality is M 2 x = 1.252, M 2 y = 1.322. The influence of cooling temperature on SRS has been investigated in high power fiber lasers, which shows that the SRS at 4kW has been suppressed 24 dB by lowering the temperature from 20°C to 8°C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest narrow line-width laser power generated from the traditional large mode area step-index monolithic fiber amplifier.
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