•The LER pattern has significant positive spatial autocorrelation, but the autocorrelation decreases with the development of the city.•Ecological driving factors are the main driving factors of ...landscape ecological risk pattern, but the impact of social driving factors on LER is growing with time.•Under different scenarios in 2030, the spatial and temporal changes of landscape ecological risk are various.
Urban land has been expanding under the background of rapid urbanization, which leads to the increasingly prominent problem of regional ecological security in multi-mountainous cities. In order to scientifically formulate land use policies and maintain regional ecological security pattern, it is necessary to assess regional landscape ecological risk (LER), explore its influencing factors, and simulate the LERs under different scenarios in the future. This study takes Guiyang, a typical mountainous city in the karst area of southwest China, as the study area. Based on the three-phase remote sensing images, the landscape pattern index and the Geodetector method (GDM) were used to assess LER and the corresponding driving factors from 2000 to 2020, and the PLUS model was used to simulate LER under different urban development scenarios in 2030. The results showed: (1) The average landscape ecological risk index (LERI) in 2000, 2010, and 2020 were 0.0341, 0.0320, and 0.0304, respectively. This shows that the overall LER of Guiyang is low and gradually decreases over time. (2) The LER pattern has significant positive spatial autocorrelation, but the autocorrelation decreases with the development of the city. (3) From 2000 to 2020, ecological driving factors were the main influencing factors of LER, but the impact of social driving factors on LER was growing with time. (4) The LER change of Guiyang in 2030 varies significantly under different scenarios, among which the area of the risk up zone in the natural development scenario is the largest, followed by the farmland protection scenario, and the ecological priority scenario is the smallest. This study will provide a scientific basis and reference for the overall development planning of multi-mountainous cities, regional ecological protection planning, and the formulation of relevant land use policies.
Event-triggered control (ETC) has been proposed in the networked control systems (NCSs) literature to reduce the need of data transmissions, and the main focus has been on the design of ETC ...mechanisms with a guaranteed positive minimum of inter-event time (MIET) and hence avoiding Zeno phenomena. In this paper, we propose a design of an aperiodic ETC mechanism for general nonlinear NCSs. In our setup, the communication network could introduce variable transmission delays, while data packets could get lost without acknowledgements. For this, we first introduce auxiliary variables dependent upon the transmission situations to capture the relationship between the number of successive packet dropouts, MIETs, transmission delays and the number of successful packets being transmitted. Meanwhile, by designing appropriate jump rules of these variables, the changing process of the network-induced errors can be tracked. Then, we present a novel output-based dynamic ETC strategy that can simultaneously guarantee a finite <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">L_{p}</tex-math></inline-formula>-gain and a strictly positive lower bound despite the presence of packet losses and transmission delays. In particular, the mandatory limit of short delays can be avoided, and the transmission delays exceeding the positive MIETs are allowed. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
Taskflow aims to streamline the building of parallel and heterogeneous applications using a lightweight task graph-based approach. Taskflow introduces an expressive task graph programming model to ...assist developers in the implementation of parallel and heterogeneous decomposition strategies on a heterogeneous computing platform. Our programming model distinguishes itself as a very general class of task graph parallelism with in-graph control flow to enable end-to-end parallel optimization. To support our model with high performance, we design an efficient system runtime that solves many of the new scheduling challenges arising out of our models and optimizes the performance across latency, energy efficiency, and throughput. We have demonstrated the promising performance of Taskflow in real-world applications. As an example, Taskflow solves a large-scale machine learning workload up to 29% faster, 1.5× less memory, and 1.9× higher throughput than the industrial system, oneTBB, on a machine of 40 CPUs and 4 GPUs. We have opened the source of Taskflow and deployed it to large numbers of users in the open-source community.
Taskflow tackles the long-standing question: How can we make it easier for developers to program parallel and heterogeneous computer-aided design (CAD) applications with high performance and ...simultaneous high productivity? Taskflow introduces a new powerful task graph programming model to assist developers in the implementation of parallel and heterogeneous algorithms with complex control flow. We develop an efficient system runtime to solve many of the new scheduling challenges arising out of our models and optimize the performance across latency, energy efficiency, and throughput. Taskflow has demonstrated promising performance on both micro-benchmarks and real-world applications. As an example, Taskflow solved a large-scale circuit placement problem up to 17% faster, with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1.3\times </tex-math></inline-formula> fewer memory, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">2.1\times </tex-math></inline-formula> less power consumption, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">2.9\times </tex-math></inline-formula> higher throughput than two industrial-strength systems, oneTBB and StarPU, on a machine of 40 CPUs and 4 GPUs.
In this paper, we investigate the problem of stabilization for sampled-data fuzzy systems under variable sampling. A novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) is defined to capture the ...characteristic of sampled-data systems, and an improved input delay approach is proposed. By the use of an appropriate enlargement scheme, new stability and stabilization criteria are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Compared with the existing results, the newly obtained ones contain less conservatism. Some illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method and the significant improvement on the existing results.
This paper investigates the sampled-data fuzzy stabilization problem for a class of nonlinear systems that is exactly modeled in Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy form at least locally. A new method for designing ...parallel distribution compensation fuzzy controller is proposed, which just requires that the nonlinear function is locally Lipschitz. By considering the sample-and-hold behavior of the system and using Jensen's integral inequality, an inequality constrain condition is derived from the locally Lipschitz property. Further, by defining a time-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional term, a new technique instead of the use of S-procedure is developed, and stabilization conditions for state feedback and observer-based output feedback under nonuniform sampling are obtained. Compared with the existing ones, the new design method not only avoids the difficulty of finding exact upper bounds of asynchronous errors of mismatch membership functions, but contains less conservatism and less numerical complexity as well. Finally, some illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed design method and the significant improvement over the existing results.
In the course of China's modernization, the sports industry's advancement plays a dual role in enhancing national health and driving economic transformation. The integration and coalescence of the ...sports and health sectors have emerged as pivotal avenues for the structural elevation of China's sports industry. Hence, empirically scrutinizing the influential mechanisms and outcomes of sports and health industry integration on the sports industry's structural enhancement holds substantial practical significance.
This study formulates theoretical hypotheses regarding the impact mechanism of sports and health industry integration on the sports industry's sophisticated industrial structure. Drawing insights from literature review and categorization, three dimensions-industrial integration, government role, and market mechanism-are delineated. Employing panel data spanning 2015 to 2020 from four primary Chinese cities, an econometric model is devised to empirically dissect the influence of sports and health industry integration on the sports industry's structural advancement.
The three pivotal explanatory variables-integration of sports and health industries, government role, and market mechanism-exert a positive influence on the sports industry's sophisticated industrial structure. Notably, the impact of market mechanisms outweighs that of government roles, with government roles exhibiting comparatively weaker individual impact effects.
The dynamic development process characterizing the structural advancement of China's sports industry in first-tier cities exhibits positive and sustained developmental traits, with discernible convergence in trends. While market mechanisms demonstrate a more immediate and pronounced direct promotional effect than government roles, the enduring influence of government roles over an extended timeframe is evident from a dynamic long-term development perspective. Building upon these findings, the study suggests relevant stakeholders foster advanced sports industry structures by: refining the integration system of sports and health industries; fortifying the fundamental role of market mechanisms; and fully leveraging the government's impact in promoting sports and health industry integration.
Since the first release in 2015, OpenTimer v1 has been used in many industrial and academic projects for analyzing the timing of custom designs. After four-year research and developments, we have ...announced OpenTimer v2-a major release that efficiently supports: 1) a new task-based parallel incremental timing analysis engine to break through the performance bottleneck of existing loop-based methods; 2) a new application programming interface (API) concept to exploit high degrees of parallelisms; and 3) an enhanced support for industry-standard design formats to improve user experience. Compared with OpenTimer v1, we rearchitect v2 with a modern C++ programming language and advanced parallel computing techniques to largely improve the tool performance and usability. For a particular example, OpenTimer v2 achieved up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">5.33\times </tex-math></inline-formula> speedup over v1 in incremental timing, and scaled higher with increasing cores. Our contributions include both technical innovations and engineering knowledge that are open and accessible to promote timing research in the community.
This paper deals with reducing the conservatism of stability conditions for continuous-time T–S fuzzy systems. Previous stability conditions are relaxed by further exploring the properties of the ...time derivatives of normalized fuzzy weighting functions and by introducing more slack matrix variables. By relying on analysis of the positive and negative characteristics of the time derivatives of normalized fuzzy weighting functions, some redundant terms are removed from the problem formulation. Furthermore, more slack matrix variables are introduced to enlarge the design space. Consequently, less conservative stability conditions are obtained. Finally, a well-known numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed result.
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the application of learning strategies and the emergence of higher-order learning behaviours among medical students in Chinese provincial ...undergraduate colleges, while also examining the impact of social demographic variables on the development of higher-order learning behaviours and learning strategy preferences.
We conducted a relevant cross-sectional study using the Chinese College Student Survey (CCSS) online questionnaire to evaluate higher-order learning behaviours and learning strategies in medical undergraduate students attending provincial colleges in China. A total of 992 valid questionnaires were collected and analysed using SPSS 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). We performed statistical analysis using one-sample t-tests to compare the results with the national norm score for medical subjects in undergraduate colleges. We also conducted variance analysis and regression analysis.
The study found that the average scores for higher-order learning behaviours, enquiry-based learning and receptive learning behaviour among medical undergraduate students in provincial colleges were higher than the national norm score for medical subjects, indicating a positive trend. However, the average scores for other indicators were lower than the national norm score. The utilization of learning strategies and the development of higher-order learning behaviours among students were affected by various factors such as grade and gender. The study suggests that the preference for certain learning strategies, such as enquiry-based, receptive, integrative and collaborative, can have a significant impact on the emergence of higher-order learning behaviours.
The study has demonstrated a positive correlation between the utilization of learning strategies and the development of higher-order learning behaviours. This relationship has been observed in medical students attending provincial undergraduate colleges, where the adoption of enquiry-based, receptive, integrative and collaborative learning strategies has been found to significantly influence the emergence of higher-order learning behaviours.
KEY MESSAGES
The implementation of learning strategies among medical students in provincial undergraduate colleges in China has a significant impact on high-level learning behaviours.
The impact of high-level learning behaviours is reliant on comprehensive support from four distinct learning strategies: receptive learning, inquiry-based learning, comprehensive learning and collaborative learning.
One of the most impactful learning strategies is receptive learning, particularly on high-order learning behaviours. On the other hand, reflective learning does not seem to have a significant effect.
Changes in grades can significantly impact higher-order learning behaviours and affect the propensity for reflective and collaborative learning strategies.
Females generally exhibit a greater preference for receptive learning strategies, while males tend to exhibit a greater preference for inquiry-based learning strategies
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