This work demonstrated that
Shewanella decolorationis NTOU1 decolorized 200
mg
l
−1 of crystal violet, malachite green, or methyl violet B within 2–11
h under anaerobic conditions at 35
°C. The ...initial color removal rate of malachite green was highest, while that of methyl violet was lowest. GC/MS analyses of the intermediate compounds produced during and after decolorization of malachite green and methyl violet B suggested that biodegradation of these dyes involved reduction to leuco form, N-demethylation, and reductive splitting of the triphenyl rings. The number of N-methylated groups of these dyes might have influenced decolorization rates and the reductive splitting of the triphenyl rings of these dyes. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial test data showed that malachite green and methyl violet B solution (100
mg
l
−1) were toxic. Toxicity of the dyes decreased after their decolorization, but further incubation resulted in increased toxicity.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if sarcopenia modulates the response to a physical activity intervention in functionally limited older adults. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. ...SETTING: Three academic centers. PARTICIPANTS: Elders aged 70 to 89 years at risk for mobility disability who underwent dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for body composition at enrollment and follow-up at twelve months (N = 177). INTERVENTION: Subjects participated in a physical activity program (PA) featuring aerobic, strength, balance, and flexibility training, or a successful aging (SA) educational program about healthy aging. MEASUREMENTS: Sarcopenia as determined by measuring appendicular lean mass and adjusting for height and total body fat mass (residuals method), Short Physical Performance Battery score (SPPB), and gait speed determined on 400 meter course. RESULTS: At twelve months, sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects in PA tended to have higher mean SPPB scores (8.7±0.5 and 8.7±0.2 points) compared to sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects in SA (8.3±0.5 and 8.4±0.2 points, p = 0.24 and 0.10), although the differences were not statistically significant. At twelve months, faster mean gait speeds were observed in PA: 0.93±0.4 and 0.95±0.03 meters/second in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic PA subjects, and 0.89±0.4 and 0.91±0.03 meters/second in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic SA subjects (p = 0.98 and 0.26), although not statistically significant. There was no difference between the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups in intervention adherence or number of adverse events. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that older adults with sarcopenia, who represent a vulnerable segment of the elder population, are capable of improvements in physical performance after a physical activity intervention.
Objectives
The impact of electrolyte imbalance on clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is still not understood. We investigated the association between hypochloremia and hyponatremia ...upon hospital admission and in‐hospital mortality in AIS patients.
Materials and methods
A total of 3314 AIS patients enrolled from December 2013 to May 2014 across 22 hospitals in Suzhou city were included in this study. Hypochloremia was defined as having a serum chloride concentration <98 mmol/L and hyponatremia as having a serum sodium concentration <135 mmol/L. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the effect of hypochloremia and hyponatremia on all‐cause in‐hospital mortality in AIS patients.
Results
During hospitalization, 118 patients (3.6%) died from all causes. Multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, serum sodium, and other potential covariates showed that hypochloremia was associated with a 2.43‐fold increase in the risk of in‐hospital mortality (hazard ratio HR 2.43; 95% confidence interval CI, 1.41‐4.19; P=.001). However, no significant association between hyponatremia (P=.905) and in‐hospital mortality was observed. Moreover, the multivariable analysis found that serum chloride (HR=0.92, 95% CI 0.88‐0.98; P=.004) but not serum sodium (P=.102) was significantly associated with in‐hospital mortality.
Conclusions
Hypochloremia at admission was independently associated with in‐hospital mortality in AIS patients.
Abstract Background Liver transplant recipients often have violent hemodynamic fluctuation during surgery that may be related to perioperative and postoperative morbidity. Because there are some ...considerations for the risk of the pulmonary arterial catheter (PAC), the conventional invasive device for cardiac output (CO) measurement, a reliable and minimally invasive alternative is required. We validated the reliability of CO measurements with the use of a minimally invasive FloTrac system with the latest fourth-generation algorithm in liver transplant recipients. Methods Forty liver transplant recipients without atrial fibrillation, valvular pathology, or intracardiac shunt were recruited in this prospective, observational study. CO values measured by use of PAC with continuous thermodilution method (COTh ) and FloTrac devices (COFT ) were collected simultaneously throughout the operation for reliability validation. Results Four hundred pairs of CO data points were collected in total. The linear regression analysis showed a high correlation coefficient (73%, P < .001). However, the percent error between COTh and COFT was 42.2%, which is worse than the established interchangeability criterion of 30%. The concordance rates were calculated at 89% and 59% by 4-quadrant plot and polar plot analysis, respectively. Neither met the preset validation criteria (>92% for the 4-quadrant plot and >90% for polar plot analyses). Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the CO measurements in liver transplant recipients by the latest FloTrac system and the PAC do not meet the recognized interchangeability criterion. Although the result showed improvement in linear regression analysis, it failed to display a qualified trending ability.
•Potential sediment methane production rates increase along the reservoir cascade.•Ebullition is an important but previously overlooked pathway for methane emission.•Both diffusive and ebullitive ...fluxes show high intra/inter reservoir variability.•Fluxes fall into the low-to-mid range of global estimates for hydropower reservoirs.
Reservoirs are an important source of atmospheric methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas. The Mekong, one of the largest Asian rivers, has been heavily dammed and can be a potential hotspot for CH4 emissions. While low diffusive CH4 flux was previously reported from cascading reservoirs in the Upper Mekong, the contribution of ebullition (bubbling) remained unexplored. To better constrain the magnitude and drivers of ebullition from these reservoirs, automated bubble traps were deployed in four reservoirs, allowing for continuous measurement of the ebullitive flux with high temporal resolution for a period of six months. To characterize the spatial variability of CH4 fluxes mediated by ebullition and diffusion, whole-reservoir surveys were conducted using a scientific echo sounder for bubble observations together with a gas equilibrator for mapping dissolved CH4 concentration in surface water from which diffusive fluxes were estimated. Potential production and anaerobic oxidation rates of CH4 were estimated in laboratory incubations of sediment cores collected near the bubble trap deployment sites. The CH4 production potential in sediments increased strongly along the reservoir cascade, with mostly minor reduction by anaerobic oxidation. Surface CH4 fluxes, in contrast, showed high spatial variability in both ebullitive and diffusive pathways (ranging 0.05–44 and 1.8–6.4 mg m−2 d−1, respectively, among all reservoirs). Ebullitive fluxes were about one order of magnitude higher than diffusive fluxes and remained significant at sites as deep as 30–45 m. The repeated spatial pattern of ebullition (higher fluxes at the dam area than in upstream sections) suggests the possible control of emission rates by sediment transport and deposition.
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To assess the association between the elevation of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and long‐term levodopa (L‐dopa) therapy in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). We performed a systematic literature ...review to recruit original studies published up to May 14, 2012. Studies enrolled should be controlled, with specific information of long‐term L‐dopa application and plasma Hcy in patients with PD. Effects were summarized using standardized mean differences (SMDs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs). Our search enrolled 22 eligible studies. Plasma Hcy levels were significantly higher in L‐dopa‐treated patients than those in healthy controls SMD 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80–1.14, P < 0.001, L‐dopa‐naïve patients with PD (SMD 0.99; 95% CI 0.54–1.44, P < 0.001), and untreated patients (SMD 0.52; 95% CI 0.18–0.86, P < 0.01). However, its levels in untreated patients with PD were not significantly higher than in healthy controls (SMD 0.24; 95% CI −0.03 to 0.51, P > 0.05). Patients with PD treated with L‐dopa plus catechol‐O‐methyltransferase inhibitor (COMT‐I) showed lower plasma Hcy concentrations compared with L‐dopa‐treated patients (WMD 4.62; 95% CI 2.89–6.35, P < 0.001). L‐dopa treatment is associated with the increase in plasma Hcy level in patients with PD. COMT‐I may attenuate L‐dopa‐induced elevation of Hcy level.
A double-HZO (HfZrO 2 ) FeFET (ferroelectric FET) with nonidentical ferroelectric thicknesses is experimentally demonstrated with as low as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\vert ...{V}_{P/{E}}\vert = {5} </tex-math></inline-formula> V, 2-bit endurance > 10 5 cycles and retention > 10 4 s. Inserting an insulator to separate the ferroelectric layers and avoid the monoclinic formation of a thick Fe-HZO (ferroelectric-HZO) is a useful method to enhance the MW (memory window) for MLC (multilevel cell) applications. Double-HZO has a lower ER (error rate) and shows a 600X improvement compared to single-HZO. The stacked HZO FeFET has potential as an MLC for high-density NVM (nonvolatile memory) applications.
To retrospectively analyze the treatment status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in China.
Data of chronic phase (CP) and ...accelerated phase (AP) CML patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2022 from 77 centers, ≥18 years old, and receiving initial imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib or flumatinib-therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China with complete data were retrospectively interrogated. The choice of initial TKI, current TKI medications, treatment switch and reasons, treatment responses and outcomes as well as the variables associated with them were analyzed.
6 893 patients in CP (
=6 453, 93.6%) or AP (
=440, 6.4%) receiving initial imatinib (
=4 906, 71.2%), nilotinib (
=1 157, 16.8%), dasatinib (
=298, 4.3%) or flumatinib (
=532, 7.2%) -therapy. With the median follow-up of 43 (
22-75) months, 1 581 (22.9%) patients switched TKI due to resistance (
=1 055, 15.3%), intolerance (
=248, 3.6%), pursuit of better efficacy (
=168,
Uniform and highly surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS)‐active substrates have been fabricated using Ag nanoparticle arrays with unprecedented small tunable gaps. The dependence of the ...enhancing capability of the substrate on the gap size provides quantitative evidence for the collective SERS effect and confirms predictions of interparticle‐coupling‐induced Raman enhancement.
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 plays critical roles in tumor development and in the metastasis of multiple cancers, including human oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). One of the upstream ...regulators of MMP-2 is FOXM1, which is overexpressed in a microarray dataset of OCSCC. It is interesting that FLJ10540 exhibits similar gene expression profiles with MMP-2 and FOXM1, raising the possibility that these molecules might participate in MMP-2-elicited cancer progression and metastasis of OCSCC. To examine this connection, we first showed that FLJ10540 was significantly overexpressed in OCSCC. A strong FLJ10540 expression was significantly correlated with an advanced tumor node metastasis stage and the cumulative 5-year survival rate. Thus, an elevated FLJ10540 expression is an indicator of poor survival. Functionally, FLJ10540 had the abilities to stimulate cell migration and invasion in oral cancer cells through increased FOXM1 and MMP-2 expressions. Conversely, the depletion of the FLJ10540 expression by small interfering RNAs suppressed the FOXM1 and MMP-2 protein expressions. The suppression of either FLJ10540 or FOXM1 could cause significant inhibition on cell migratory and invasive ability in oral cancer cells. Finally, the immunohistochemical and western blotting analyses of human aggressive OCSCC specimens showed a significant positive correlation among FLJ10540, FOXM1 and MMP-2 expressions. These findings suggest that FLJ10540 is not only an important prognostic factor but also a new therapeutic target in the FLJ10540/FOXM1/MMP-2 pathway for OCSCC treatment.
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