With the development of the times, the cultivation of literary appreciation ability in the education system of colleges and universities has been gradually emphasized. This paper constructs a ...multimodal semantic analysis model based on text feature extraction, image feature extraction and audio feature extraction, and after fusing multiple modalities, combines them with sentiment semantic Analysis, optimizes them through the self-attention mechanism module, and finally constructs a sentiment semantic analysis model based on multimodal feature fusion. Through the performance analysis of the multimodal feature emotion semantic model, the algorithm model accuracy of this paper is as high as 89%, and the recognition accuracy of emotion is stable at about 80~85%. The multimodal sentiment semantic model proposed in this paper has an accuracy rate higher than 80% on literature appreciation related datasets. In the empirical evidence of literature appreciation, the average recognition accuracy rate of emotions expressed in literature is 62.80%. The study provides an achievable path for the multimodal semantic Analysis of contemporary literature appreciation integrated into college teaching, which is of practical significance for developing literature appreciation teaching in colleges and universities.
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 into value‐added chemicals provides a promising approach to mitigate climate change caused by CO2 from excess consumption of fossil fuels. As the CO2 molecule is ...chemically inert and the reaction kinetics is sluggish, efficient electrocatalysts are thus highly required for promoting the conversion of CO2. With great efforts devoted to improving the catalytic performance, the development of electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction has gone from bulk metals with poor control to nanostructures with atomic precision. Nanostructured electrocatalysts with atomic precision are believed to be capable of combining the advantages of heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts. In this review, the recent advances in designing nanostructured electrocatalysts at the atomic level for boosting the catalytic performance toward CO2 reduction and revealing the structure–property relationship are summarized. The challenges and opportunities in the near future are also proposed for paving the development of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.
The design of electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction has gone from bulk metals in the early stage to nanostructures with controlled compositions and structures with precision at the atomic level. This review highlights the recent advances in designing nanostructured electrocatalysts at the atomic level for boosting the catalytic performance toward CO2 reduction and revealing the structure–property relationship.
Flavonoid glycosides are widespread in plants, acting as phytoalexin against biotic stress. They also have great health benefits to human body. Some of them have been used as medicines and ...nutraceuticals due to good bioactivities and low toxicities. Glycosylation affords structural complexity and diversity of flavonoids. It further modifies the bioactivity and bioavailability in vivo. In this article, the up-to-date development on flavonoid glycosides and their bioactivities are reviewed. As metabolic engineering is a promising strategy to produce flavonoid glycosides in the future, the information about glycosyltransferase and metabolic flux in flavonoid glycoside production are discussed.
•Absorption and metabolism of flavonoid glycosides are reviewed.•The bioactivities of flavonoid glycosides are reviewed.•The biological synthesis of flavonoid glycosides are reviewed.•The structural characteristics of flavonoid glycosides are reviewed.
Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia (NH3) is considered as a promising alternative for the traditional Haber-Bosch process due to its lower energy consumption under ambient ...conditions. However, major obstacles still remain in improving the NRR activity and selectivity, mainly arising from the chemical inertness of N2 molecule, the sluggish reaction kinetics, and the competition between hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and NRR. The defect engineering can regulate and modify the local coordination environment of electrocatalysts, which could be considered as effective strategies to promote the intrinsic activity. In this review, recent advances on defect engineering of nanostructured electrocatalysts for NRR, including vacancy, doping, single atom, amorphization and high-index facet, are summarized. Particularly, the strategies of defect engineering, the reaction mechanisms, and the reliable NH3 detection methods, are systematically discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges towards the rational design and synthesis of advanced electrocatalysts with controlled defects for NRR are proposed.
Recent advances on defect engineering for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), including vacancy, doping, single atom, amorphization and high-index facet, are summarized. Display omitted
•The recent achievements of NRR electrocatalysts with various defect structure have been summarized.•The principles of each defect engineering strategy and the existing problems have been analyzed in detail.•The reaction mechanisms for the reduction of N2 to NH3 on the heterogeneous surfaces have been systematically disscussed.•The methods of ammonia detection and the ways to improve the reliability of nitrogen reduction research have been disscussed.
Ferroptosis has recently emerged as an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death, which is also a regulated necrosis process and a response to tumor suppression. However, whether ferroptosis is ...involved in ulcerative colitis (UC) is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate whether the ferroptosis is involved in UC, particularly intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death, and to analyze the effect of the nuclear factor kappa Bp65 subunit (NF-κBp65) on ferroptosis. The gene expression of ferroptosis-related proteins was assessed in intestinal mucosal samples from human UC. The experimental model of UC was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Ferroptosis of IECs was evaluated, the effect of NF-κBp65 on ferroptosis was analyzed by using IEC-specific NF-κBp65-deleted mice (p65
), and the ferroptosis signaling pathway was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that ferroptosis was significantly induced in the IECs from UC patients and mice with colitis, and the ferroptosis was mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling. The specific deletion of IEC NF-κBp65 clearly upregulated ferroptosis and exacerbated colitis, and the result showed that phosphorylated-NF-κBp65 significantly inhibited ER stress signaling by directly binding eukaryotic initiation factor 2α. These data indicate that ferroptosis contributes to UC via ER stress-mediated IEC cell death, and that NF-κBp65 phosphorylation suppresses ER stress-mediated IEC ferroptosis to alleviate UC. The results suggest that ferroptosis involves in IEC death in UC, NF-κBp65 play a critical role in the ferroptotic inhibition, and ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic target for UC.
Multidimensional nano‐heterostructures (NHSs) that have unique dimensionality‐dependent integrative and synergic effects are intriguing but still underdeveloped. Here, we report the first helical ...1D/2D epitaxial NHS between CdS and ZnIn2S4. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the mismatches in lattice and dangling bonds between 1D and 2D units govern the growth procedure. The resulting well‐defined interface induces the delocalized interface states, thus facilitate the charge transfer and enhance the performance in the photoelectrochemical cells. We foresee that the mechanistic insights gained and the electronic structures revealed would inspire the design of more complex 1D/2D NHSs with outstanding functionalities.
Rotate and connect! The shape evolution of a helical 1D/2D semiconductor nano‐heterostructure (NHS) consisting of CdS and ZnIn2S4 is demonstrated. This NHS exhibits enhanced performance in photoelectrochemical cells, which is explained by the interface electronic states and the tailored band alignment.
This study demonstrated a forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD) hybrid system for real human urine treatment. A series of NaCl solutions at different concentrations were adopted for draw ...solutions in FO process, which were also the feed solutions of MD process. To establish a stable and continuous integrated FO-MD system, individual FO process with different NaCl concentrations and individual direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process with different feed temperatures were firstly investigated separately. Four stable equilibrium conditions were obtained from matching the water transfer rates of individual FO and MD processes. It was found that the integrated system is stable and sustainable when the water transfer rate of FO subsystem is equal to that of MD subsystem. The rejections to main contaminants in human urine were also investigated. Although individual FO process had relatively high rejection to Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Ammonium Nitrogen (NH4+-N) in human urine, these contaminants could also accumulate in draw solution after long term performance. The MD process provided an effective rejection to contaminants in draw solution after FO process and the integrated system revealed nearly complete rejection to TOC, TN and NH4+-N. This work provided a potential treatment process for human urine in some fields such as water regeneration in space station and water or nutrient recovery from source-separated urine.
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•An integrated FO-MD system for real human urine treatment was established.•Four equilibrium conditions were established for stable and continuous operation.•We revealed the trend of contaminants accumulation in draw solution.•FO-MD hybrid system had nearly completely rejection to contaminants in urine.•The product water of FO-MD had much higher quality than that of MD alone.
Oily water of high salinity and temperature causes challenges to eco-environment. Instead of being considered as only pollutants treated by integrated membrane system, oily water was also considered ...and utilized as driving-energy resource for the system in this work. This paper proposed and studied integrated UF-FO-MD system for not only treatment of oily water but also utilization of its high salinity and temperature (i.e., osmotic and thermal energies). 50kDa ceramic membrane was selected for oily water treatment because of high oil recovery rate, low flux decline rate and great reduction of downstream FO-MD fouling, and corresponding membrane fouling mechanism was proposed. After UF, oily water was simultaneously used as FO draw (sewage as FO feed) and MD feed to utilize its osmotic and thermal energies for FO-MD running. Oil content largely influenced FO-MD fouling, while temperature and salt content had little influence. Three scenarios of dynamic mass-transfer process and temperature-salt content equilibrium curve for FO-MD were proposed, which provide guidance for oily water utilization to control mass-transfer process. UF-FO-MD system efficiently treated both oily water and sewage, and recovered high-quality water by utilization of oily water energies at low-energy cost. Oily water after treatment and utilization met reinjection standard. This work helps for oil-field wastewater treatment and utilization to realize water recovery, energy utilization and pollution reduction.
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•Integrated membrane system of UF, FO and MD treated and utilized oily water.•FO-MD subsystem simultaneously utilized osmosis and thermal energies of oily water.•Temperature-salt content equilibrium curve of FO-MD guided for oily water usage.•Three scenarios of dynamic mass transfer process of FO-MD were proposed.•Integrated system recover water from oily water and sewage by using oily water energies.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-like coronavirus are a potential threat to global health. However, reviews of the long-term effects of clinical treatments in SARS ...patients are lacking. Here a total of 25 recovered SARS patients were recruited 12 years after infection. Clinical questionnaire responses and examination findings indicated that the patients had experienced various diseases, including lung susceptibility to infections, tumors, cardiovascular disorders, and abnormal glucose metabolism. As compared to healthy controls, metabolomic analyses identified significant differences in the serum metabolomes of SARS survivors. The most significant metabolic disruptions were the comprehensive increase of phosphatidylinositol and lysophospha tidylinositol levels in recovered SARS patients, which coincided with the effect of methylprednisolone administration investigated further in the steroid treated non-SARS patients with severe pneumonia. These results suggested that high-dose pulses of methylprednisolone might cause long-term systemic damage associated with serum metabolic alterations. The present study provided information for an improved understanding of coronavirus-associated pathologies, which might permit further optimization of clinical treatments.
Noninvasive differentiation between the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could benefit patients who are unsuitable for invasive ...diagnostic procedures. Therefore, this study evaluates the predictive performance of a PET/CT-based radiomics model. It aims to distinguish between the histological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, employing four different machine learning techniques. A total of 255 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the training (n = 177) and validation (n = 78) sets, respectively. Radiomics features were extracted, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method was employed for feature selection. Subsequently, models were constructed using four distinct machine learning techniques, with the top-performing algorithm determined by evaluating metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC). The efficacy of the various models was appraised and compared using the DeLong test. A nomogram was developed based on the model with the best predictive efficiency and clinical utility, and it was validated using calibration curves. Results indicated that the logistic regression classifier had better predictive power in the validation cohort of the radiomic model. The combined model (AUC 0.870) exhibited superior predictive power compared to the clinical model (AUC 0.848) and the radiomics model (AUC 0.774). In this study, we discovered that the combined model, refined by the logistic regression classifier, exhibited the most effective performance in classifying the histological subtypes of NSCLC.
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