Eradication of bacterial infection requires timely and appropriate immune and inflammatory responses, but excessive induction of inflammatory cytokines can cause acute or chronic inflammatory ...disorders. Thus, various layers of negative regulators and mechanisms are needed to ensure maintenance of the homeostasis for the immune system. miRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that emerged as significant and versatile regulators involved in regulation of immune responses. Recently, the molecular mechanisms of miRNA in host-pathogen interaction networks have been extensively studied in mammals, whereas the underlying regulatory mechanisms in fish are still poorly understood. In this study, we identify miR-21 as a negative regulator of the teleost inflammatory response. We found that lipopolysaccharide and
significantly upregulated the expression of fish miR-21. Upregulated miR-21 suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression by targeting IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), thereby avoiding excessive inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-21 regulates inflammatory responses through NF-κB signaling pathways. The collective findings indicate that miR-21 plays a regulatory role in host-pathogen interactions through IRAK4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.
Ovarian cancer remains to have relatively poor prognosis particularly in low-resourced settings. It is therefore important to continually examine the burden of ovarian cancer to identify areas of ...disparities. Our study aims to provide an overview of the global burden of ovarian cancer using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates by country, world region, and Human Development Index (HDI) levels, as well as the predicted future burden by the year 2040 by HDI. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for ovarian cancer in 185 countries were calculated by country, world region, and for the four-tier HDI. The number of new cases and deaths were projected for the year 2040 based on demographic projections by HDI category. Approximately 314 000 new ovarian cancer cases and 207 000 deaths occurred in 2020. There were marked geographic variations in incidence rates, with the highest rates observed in European countries with very high HDI and low rates were found in African countries within the lowest HDI group. Comparable mortality rates were observed across the four-tier HDI. Relative to 2020 estimates, our projection for 2040 indicates approximately 96% and 100% increase in new ovarian cancer cases and deaths, respectively, among low HDI countries compared to 19% and 28% in very high HDI countries. Our study highlights the disproportionate current and future burden of ovarian cancer in countries with lower HDI levels, calling for global action to reduce the burden and inequality of ovarian cancer in access to quality cancer care and treatment.
Ti-BiOCl nanowires with high deformation ability and high photoelectric response ability were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method. Ti-BiOCl nanowires exhibited excellent piezoelectric ...photocatalytic degradation activity for refractory TC. The degradation efficiency of TC (C0 = 15 mg/L) by Ti-BiOCl nanowires reached 93.97% in 10 min under the cooperative action of light and ultrasonic. The possible piezoelectric photocatalytic degradation process of TC was similar to the general photocatalytic process. However, the reaction rate was much faster, with a primary reaction rate constant of 0.318 min−1 at room temperature.
•Ti-BiOCl catalyst was synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method.•Ti-BiOCl nanowires exhibited efficient piezoelectric photocatalytic activity to remove refractory organic pollutant TC.•The possible piezoelectric photocatalytic mechanism was proposed and verified.
Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays pivotal roles in regulating various biological process in human cancers. Titin-antisense RNA1 (TTN-AS1) has been regarded as a tumor ...promoting lncRNA in numerous cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological function of TTN-AS1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. In the present study, we revealed that the expression of TTN-AS1 was upregulated in LUAD tissues and cell lines. High TTN-AS1 expression was associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of LUAD patients. In addition, high expression of TTN-AS1 was correlated with poor postoperative prognosis of LUAD patients. Knockdown of TTN-AS1 significantly inhibited the growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of LUAD cells in vitro. Then, by using bioinformation analysis and luciferase reporter experiment, we identified that TTN-AS1 could function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-142-5p to regulate the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) in LUAD. Since CDK5 is a key regulator in the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), we detected the expression of EMT-related proteins, consequently, EMT was suppressed by knockdown of TTN-AS1 while this phenomenon was rescued by miR-142-5p inhibitor. Taken above, our study revealed that TTN-AS1 played an important role in LUAD progression. TTN-AS1/miR-142-5p/CDK5 regulatory axis may serve as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of LUAD.
The present meta‐analysis aimed to investigate fiber consumption and all‐cause mortality, and cause‐specific mortality. MEDLINE and web of science database were searched for cohort studies published ...from inception to August 2014. Studies were included if they provided a hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% CI for mortality in relation to fiber consumption.We found that, compared with those who consumed lowest fiber, for individuals who ate highest fiber, mortality rate was lower by 23% (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.72–0.81) for CVD, by 17% (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74–0.91) for cancer, by 23% (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.73–0.81) for all‐cause mortality. For each 10 g/day increase in fiber intake, the pooled HR was estimated to be 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86–0.93) for all‐cause mortality, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.72–0.88) for CHD mortality, and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.40–0.92) for IHD mortality, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94) for cancer. Dietary fiber and CVD mortality showed a strong dose–response relation. Apparently, fiber consumption is inversely associated with all‐cause mortality and CVD, IHD, cancer mortality.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic pulmonary vascular disease and causes massive deaths. Here, we intended to investigate the function and mechanism of SOCS5 in PH. We engineered a ...hypoxia-induced PH model in mice. HE staining were implemented to evaluate pathological alterations in the lung tissues. The potential mechanism of SOCS5 in regulating hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) function was explored in vitro. RT-qPCR and western blot revealed that the level of SOCS5 was decreased both in PH mice and hypoxia-induced HPASMCs. Functional assays were performed for confirming the role of SOCS5 in modulating the cell phenotype and JAK2/STAT3 pathway in HPASMCs. Results revealed that overexpression of SOCS5 suppressed proliferation, migration and contraction of HPASMCs and negatively regulated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in HPASMCs under hypoxia in vitro, while knockdown of SOCS5 accelerated it. As evidenced by mechanism studies, SOCS5 was targeted and regulated by miR-155-5p, hence affecting on HPASMC proliferation, migration and contraction. These outcomes indicated that the decreased level of SOCS5 in hypoxia-induced HPASMCs promoted the cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell contraction through activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, SOCS5 was targeted by miR-155-5p. All in all, our work hinted that miR-155-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 axis played a crucial part in PH.
Chromatin accessibility has been used to define how cells adopt region-specific neural fates. BAF45D is one of the subunits of a specialised chromatin remodelling BAF complex. It has been reported ...that BAF45D is expressed in spinal cord neural stem cells (NSCs) and regulates their fate specification. Within the developing vertebrate spinal cord, HOX genes exhibit spatially restricted expression patterns. However, the chromatin accessibility of BAF45D binding HOX genes in spinal cord NSCs is unclear. In the present study, we found that in H9-derived spinal cord NSCs, BAF45D targets TBX6, a gene that regulates spinal cord neural mesodermal progenitors. Furthermore, BAF45D binding to the NES gene is much more enriched in H9-derived spinal cord NSCs chromatin compared to ESCs chromatin. In addition, BAF45D binding to anterior and trunk/central HOX genes, but not to lumbosacral HOX genes, was much more enriched in NSCs chromatin compared to ESCs chromatin. These results may shed new light on the role of BAF45D in regulating region-specific spinal cord NSCs by targeting HOX genes.
•Tectonic subsidence analysis by backstripping method is based on well and seismic data.•Two events of rapid post-rift subsidence were identified.•Possible mechanisms for subsidence events were ...explained.•This study is significant for regional tectonic analysis and petroleum exploration.
Data from 26 drill wells and 27 regional seismic profiles were integrated to investigate the timing, phase and origin of the post-rift subsidence in the middle to eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB) of the northern South China Sea using the traditional 1-D backstripping technique. Different from previous research of backstripped tectonic subsidence in the basin, we calculated the tectonic subsidence using the newly built local porosity-depth relationships for decompaction and updated sedimentological and paleontological data for paleobathymetry reconstruction. Well-data based subsidence curves reveal a roughly decaying pattern in both the magnitude and rate of the post-rift subsidence in the PRMB, which is in accordance with the general decreasing trend of the thermal subsidence typical of a passive margin. Two events of rapid post-rift tectonic subsidence were identified, which occurred in the Early to early Middle Miocene and the Pliocene. The timing of the first rapid post-rift subsidence event varies and is earlier in the southern rather than northern part of the basin. Additionally, the amplitude of contemporaneous tectonic subsidence is greater in the southern part of the basin. The second rapid tectonic subsidence event occurred simultaneously in both the southern and northern parts of the basin, with the amplitude of subsidence being much greater in the southern part. We associate the first rapid subsidence event with the southward jump of the South China Sea spreading ridge, which occurred between the Oligocene and Early Miocene, while the second event with the arc-continent collision at Taiwan since the latest Late Miocene. The southern PRMB in the deep-water slope area shows a much higher magnitude of tectonic subsidence in both events than its northern counterpart in the shelf area, which could be associated with its much thinner lithosphere. The latter could cause upswelling of denser lower crust and upper mantle material, resulting in more rapid tectonic subsidence in the southern PRMB.
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