A viable and simple method for preparing porous graphene network using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) etching was proposed, and a sensitive biosensor was constructed based on the porous graphene (PGN) ...and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to measure the release of H2O2 from living cells. Owing to the large surface area and versatile porous structure, the use of nanoporous materials can significantly improve the analysis performance of the biosensor by loading large amounts of enzyme and accelerating diffusion rate. Meanwhile, the constructed electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance toward H2O2 with a determination limit as low as 0.0267nM and wide linear range of 7 orders of magnitude, which was superior to other H2O2 electrochemical sensors. Thus, this novel biosensor can detect the H2O2 release from living cells not only under normal physiological conditions (10−8–10−7M) but also in emergency state with the increased concentration (~10−4M). This work provides tremendous potential for real-time tracking of the secretion of H2O2 in different types of physiological and pathological investigations.
A novel biosensor is constructed based on the porous graphene (PGN) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Due to the unique porous structure of PGN and the excellent selective catalysis of HRP, this biosensor shows superior sensitivity toward detecting the release of H2O2 from living cells.
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•A new type of supporting material PGN for immobilizing enzyme was explored.•The HRP/PGN/GCE displays excellent electrochemical activity toward the reduction of H2O2.•A significant low detection limit of 0.0267nM and wider linear range of 7 orders of magnitude were achieved.•The constructed electrode was used for in situ detecting H2O2 release from cells.
A major challenge for organic solar cell (OSC) research is how to minimize the tradeoff between voltage loss and charge generation. In early 2019, we reported a non-fullerene acceptor (named Y6) that ...can simultaneously achieve high external quantum efficiency and low voltage loss for OSC. Here, we use a combination of experimental and theoretical modeling to reveal the structure-property-performance relationships of this state-of-the-art OSC system. We find that the distinctive π-π molecular packing of Y6 not only exists in molecular single crystals but also in thin films. Importantly, such molecular packing leads to (i) the formation of delocalized and emissive excitons that enable small non-radiative voltage loss, and (ii) delocalization of electron wavefunctions at donor/acceptor interfaces that significantly reduces the Coulomb attraction between interfacial electron-hole pairs. These properties are critical in enabling highly efficient charge generation in OSC systems with negligible donor-acceptor energy offset.
Heavy metal contamination in soil has attracted great attention worldwide. In situ stabilization has been considered an effective way to remediate soils contaminated by heavy metals. In the present ...research, a multiple-modified biochar (BCM) was prepared to stabilize Cd and Cu contamination in two different soils: a farmland soil (JYS) and a vegetable soil (ZZS). The results showed that BCM was a porous-like flake material and that modification increased its specific surface area and surface functional groups. The incubation experiment indicated that BCM decreased diethylenetriaminepentaacetic (DTPA)-extractable Cd and Cu by 92.02% and 100.00% for JYS and 90.27% and 100.00% for ZZS, respectively. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP)-extractable Cd and Cu decreased 66.46% and 100.00% for JYS and 46.33% and 100.00% for ZZS, respectively. BCM also reduced the mobility of Cd and Cu in soil and transformed them to more stable fractions. In addition, the application of BCM significantly increased the soil dehydrogenase, organic matter content and available K (p < 0.05). These results indicate that BCM has great potential in the remediation of Cd- and Cu-contaminated soil.
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•Multiple modifications improved the specific surface area and surface active groups of biochar.•BCM efficiently reduced the bioavailability Cd and Cu.•BCM reduced the leachability of Cd and Cu.•BCM transformed Cd and Cu to a more stable fraction.•BCM improved the properties of Cd- and Cu-contaminated soils.
A 6 weeks pot culture experiment was carried out to investigate the stabilization effects of a modified biochar (BCM) on metals in contaminated soil and the uptake of these metals by wheat seedlings. ...The results showed that the application of BCM significantly increased the soil fertility, the biomass of wheat seedling roots increased by more than 50%, and soil dehydrogenase (DHA) and catalase (CAT) activities increased by 369.23% and 12.61%, respectively. In addition, with the application of BCM, the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid extractable (DTPA-extractable) Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in soil were reduced from 2.34 to 0.38 mg/kg, from 49.27 to 25.65 mg/kg, from 3.55 mg/kg to below the detection limit and from 4.05 to 3.55 mg/kg, respectively. Correspondingly, the uptake of these metals in wheat roots and shoots decreased by 62.43% and 79.83% for Cd, 73.21% and 66.32% for Pb, 57.98% and 68.92% for Cu, and 40.42% and 43.66% for Zn. Furthermore, BCM application decreased the abundance and alpha diversity of soil bacteria and changed the soil bacterial community structure dramatically. Overall, BCM has great potential for the remediation of metal-contaminated soils, but its long-term impact on soil metals and biota need further research.
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•Modified biochar (BCM) significantly reduced activity of metals in the soil.•BCM inhibited the uptake of metals by wheat seedlings.•BCM improved soil properties and increased soil enzyme activity.•BCM decreased soil bacterial diversity and changed the soil bacterial community.
Abstract Background Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera G.) is an important aquatic plant with high ornamental, economic, cultural and ecological values, but abiotic stresses seriously affect its growth and ...distribution. Q-type C2H2 zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) play an important role in plant growth development and environmental stress responses. Although the Q-type C2H2 gene family has been identified in some plants, limited reports has been carried out it in lotus. Results In this study, we identified 45 Q-type NnZFP members in lotus. Based on the phylogenetic tree, these Q-type NnZFP gene family members were divided into 4 groups, including C1-1i, C1-2i, C1-3i and C1-4i. Promoter cis -acting elements analysis indicated that most Q-type NnZFP gene family members in lotus were associated with response to abiotic stresses. Through collinearity analyses, no tandem duplication gene pairs and 14 segmental duplication gene pairs were identified, which showed that duplication events might play a key role in the expansion of the Q-type NnZFP gene family. The synteny results suggested that 54 and 28 Q-type NnZFP genes were orthologous to Arabidopsis and rice, respectively. The expression patterns of these Q-type NnZFP genes revealed that 30 Q-type NnZFP genes were expressed in at least one lotus tissue. Nn5g30550 showed relatively higher expression levels in all tested tissues. 12 genes were randomly selected with at least one gene from each phylogenetic clade, and the expression of these selected genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction). The results indicated that Q-type NnZFP genes were extensively involved in cadmium, drought, salt and cold stresses responses. Among them, 11 genes responded to at least three different stress treatments, especially Nn2g12894 , which induced by all four treatments. Conclusions These results could increase our understanding of the characterization of the Q-type NnZFP gene family and provide relevant information for further functional analysis of Q-type NnZFP genes in plant development, and abiotic stress tolerance in lotus.
Moral education is an educational process of the continuation, construction, and transformation of moral and social norms, and is an important guarantee for the sustainable vitality of human ...morality.
With bibliometrics applied and VOSviewer and CiteSpace as tools, this paper systematically analyzes 497 articles published in the Social Sciences Citation Index of Web of Science core collection from 2000 to 2022 in the field of moral education research.
By quantifying specific performance information in the field of moral education in terms of authors, journals, organizations and countries, this paper identifies the highly productive authors and organizations, as well as core journals (i.e., the
). A cluster analysis is used to show the knowledge structure, and an evolutionary analysis to present the macro-development trend of moral education.
In this paper, the comprehensive description of the research topics on moral education clarifies the development model and disciplinary prospect of the moral education research, and provides theoretical and practical support for the continuous development and application practice of the moral education research.
A halotolerant bacterial consortium capable of degrading di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was enriched from activated sludge. Community analysis revealed that LF contained seven families and seven ...genera of bacteria. The predominant species was Gordonia sp. (54.93%), Rhodococcus. sp. (9.92%) and Achromobacter sp. (8.47%). The consortium could degrade 93.84% of 1000 mg/l DEHP after 48 h incubation. The optimal temperature and pH for LF to degrade DEHP were 30 °C and 6.0, respectively. LF degraded more than 91% of DEHP with salt concentrations ranging from 0-3%. The inoculum size had great effects on DEHP degradation (incubation time < 24h). LF could degrade high concentrations of DEHP (from 100 to 2000 mg/l) with the degradation ratio above 92% after 72 h incubation. Kinetics analysis revealed that the degradation of DEHP by LF was best fitted by the first-order kinetics when the initial concentration ranged from 100 to 2000 mg/l. The main intermediates (2-ethylhexyl pentyl phthalate, butyl (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (BEHP), mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-hexyl phthalate (MHP), mono-butyl phthalate (MBP)) in DEHP degradation process were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and a new complex biochemical pathway was proposed. Furthermore, LF could also degrade dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) and phthalic acid (PA).
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is an essential part of an ER-localized protein quality-control system for eliminating terminally misfolded proteins. Recent studies have ...demonstrated that the ERAD machinery is conserved among yeast, animals, and plants; however, it remains unknown if the plant ERAD system involves plant-specific components. Here we report that the Arabidopsis ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 suppressor 7 (EBS7) gene encodes an ER membrane-localized ERAD component that is highly conserved in land plants. Loss-of-function ebs7 mutations prevent ERAD of brassinosteroid insensitive 1-9 (bri1-9) and bri1-5, two ER-retained mutant variants of the cell-surface receptor for brassinosteroids (BRs). As a result, the two mutant receptors accumulate in the ER and consequently leak to the plasma membrane, resulting in the restoration of BR sensitivity and phenotypic suppression of the bri1-9 and bri1-5 mutants. EBS7 accumulates under ER stress, and its mutations lead to hypersensitivity to ER and salt stresses. EBS7 interacts with the ER membrane-anchored ubiquitin ligase Arabidopsis thaliana HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1a (AtHrd1a), one of the central components of the Arabidopsis ERAD machinery, and an ebs7 mutation destabilizes AtHrd1a to reduce polyubiquitination of bri1-9. Taken together, our results uncover a plant-specific component of a plant ERAD pathway and also suggest its likely biochemical function.
As an important player in DNA damage response, BRCA1 maintains genomic stability and suppresses tumorigenesis by promoting DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair through homologous recombination (HR). ...Since the cloning of
gene, many
mutant alleles have been generated in mice. Mice carrying homozygous
mutant alleles are embryonic lethal, suggesting that BRCA1's functions are important for embryonic development. Studies of embryonic development in
mutant mice not only reveal the physiological significance of BRCA1's known function in HR, but also lead to the discovery of BRCA1's new function in HR: regulation of DSB repair pathway choice.
As shared accommodation has become one of the most important market developments in the tourism industry, numerous contributions have emerged regarding travelers' motivations to choose shared ...accommodation. A debated question, however, resides in the heterogeneity of travelers based on motivations. This paper aims to reconcile opposing perspectives by comparing motivation segmentation at two distinct phases of the adoption of this accommodation option: (i) before the first travel-potential users showing interest (n = 420) and (ii) after the first travel-current users (n = 420). Factor analysis, combined with clustering, is applied to both samples to identify underlying motivations and traveler segments. Interestingly, we find that factors defining choice motivations are relatively stable throughout the adoption process, but the heterogeneity of motivations among travelers is higher in users, increasing from three to six clusters. This suggests that travelers' motivations are dynamic and dependent on the phase of adoption.
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