Aim
To evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments to assess the mental health‐related stigma among health professionals and students in health sciences.
Background
Evidence on the ...stigmatization by health professionals of people with mental health illness is increasingly compelling. Valid and reliable instruments are needed for the assessment of mental health‐related stigma and effectiveness of anti‐stigma interventions.
Design
Systematic psychometric review.
Data sources
MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO), PsycINFO, Scopus, and Open Grey from their inception to August 2017. No limits were applied.
Review methods
We included studies on the development of a measurement instrument or on the evaluation of one or more of its measurement properties. The methodological quality of the included studies and quality of the measurement instruments identified were assessed using the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist.
Results
We included 25 studies involving 15 measurement instruments. The “Atributtion Questionnaire” (five studies) and the “Opening Minds Scale for Health Care providers (OMS‐HC)” (four studies) were the most investigated instruments. Internal consistency, content validity, structural validity, and hypothesis testing were the measurement properties most commonly evaluated. Measurement error and responsiveness were investigated in only two studies. Eight psychometric properties of OMS‐HC were evaluated, three of which have a positive strong level of evidence.
Conclusions
A substantial number of instruments have been developed to assess mental health‐related stigma among health professionals. There is a lack of any assessment of certain measurement properties. The OMS‐HC is the instrument that had the strongest evidence.
目的
评估健康专业人士和健康科学专业学生心理健康相关耻辱感的心理测量学特性。
背景
健康专业人士对心理健康疾病患者的耻辱感的研究愈发令人信服。而评估与心理健康有关的耻辱感和抗耻辱感干预措施的有效性需要有效且可靠的工具。
设计
系统的心理测量学评估。
数据来源
MEDLINE(通过PubMed进行检索)、CINAHL(通过EBSCO进行检索)、PsycINFO、Scopus和Open Grey(从建立之初到2017年8月)。无任何限制。
评估方法
涵盖有关测量工具开发或对其一个或多个测量特性的评估的研究。采用基于共识选择健康测量工具的标准(COSMIN)清单来评估所纳入研究的方法学质量和所确定测量工具的质量。
结果
我们涵盖了涉及15种测量工具的25项研究。其中“Atributtion问卷”(五项研究)和“医疗服务人员开放心态量表(OMS‐HC)”(四项研究)为调查使用最多的工具。内部一致性、内容有效性、结构有效性和假设检验是最常用的测量特性。仅在两项研究中调查了测量误差和反应度。此外,我们还评估了OMS‐HC的八大心理测量学特性,其中三种拥有积极有力的证据。
结论
现已开发大量工具用来评估健康专业人士的与心理健康相关的耻辱感。然而,针对某些测量特性,有关其的各类评估明显缺乏。OMS‐HC为最强有力的证明工具。
Aim
To identify the methodological quality of each study and analyse the psychometric properties of instruments measuring quality and satisfaction with care from the perspective of mental health ...patients and professionals.
Background
In recent years, interest in rigorously assessing quality of care in mental health and nursing has increased. Health professionals and researchers should select the most adequate instrument based on knowledge of its measurement properties.
Review design
A psychometric review was conducted of the instruments from the perspectives of both patients and professionals according to the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments panel (COSMIN).
Data sources
Articles published from January 2005 – September 2016 were identified in a search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SCOPUS. We included studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese.
Review methods
Inclusion criteria were applied to all articles validated and reviewed by a second independent reviewer. The analysis included the use of the COSMIN checklist and the Terwee quality criteria.
Results
In the 34 studies selected, a total of 22 instruments which measure quality and satisfaction with care provided, according to patients and/or professionals, were identified. Most are instruments with sound, contemporary theoretical foundations. They vary to the extent to which they have been used in empirical studies and with respect to evaluation of their validity and reliability, although five instruments stand out as yielding good‐excellent values in quality criteria.
Conclusion
The present psychometric review found that five of the instruments met valid psychometric criteria. In light of the current economic situation, future reviews should include analysis of the usefulness of instruments based on cost‐effectiveness, acceptability, and educational impact.
目标
从精神病人和专业人员的角度,确定每项研究的方法学质量,并仔细分析护理质量和满意度测定工具的心理测量学特性。
背景
近年来,各界对严格评估精神病防治和护理质量的关注有所增加。健康专家和研究人员应根据掌握的有关测定属性的知识选择最适当的工具。
审查设计
根据基于健康状态测定工具选择的共识标准(COSMIN标准),从患者和专业人员的角度对工具进行了心理测量学审查。
数据源
在美国医学文献分析与检索系统、护理学数据库和斯高帕斯数据库中对2005年1月至2016年9月发表的文章进行了检索,涵盖英语、西班牙语和葡萄牙语版的研究。
审查方法
纳入标准适用于由第二位独立评审员验证和审核的所有文章。进行的分析包括使用COSMIN标准检查表和Terwee质量标准。
结果
在所选择的34项研究中,根据患者和/或专业人员考量,共确定了22种衡量护理质量和满意度的工具。其中,大多数工具都具有良好的当代理论基础。
尽管有五种工具在质量标准方面具有极高的价值,但各个工具在实证研究中的使用程度以及其有效性和可靠性评估程度各不相同。
结论
目前,心理测量学评价发现,其中五种工具符合有效的心理测量学标准。鉴于目前的经济形势,未来的审查应根据成本效益、可接受性和教育影响分析工具的有用性。
Introduction
This study sought to explore the meaning of the recovery process and its stages from the perspective of people attending a mental health day hospital.
Methods
A descriptive exploratory ...qualitative study was carried out. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with people attending a mental health day hospital. The data were analysed deductively by means of content analysis.
Results
The participants described the recovery process as a process based on three pillars; the attitude towards recovery, hardship, and the effort required throughout the process. Regarding the stages of recovery, for the participants in the first stage of the process (Moratorium), the search for hope was the most important element. In the second stage (Awareness), the reestablishment of their identity, through the acceptance of the consequences derived from the mental health problem, together with being able to feel full and fulfilled, were the most outstanding elements. In the third stage (Preparation), participants highlighted the search for meaning in life, facing their fears and the process with an open mind. Finally, the last two stages (Rebuilding and Growth) were related to taking responsibility and empowerment for recovery.
Conclusions
The results of this study provide insight into the perception of the recovery process and its stages in people attending a mental health day hospital. These findings may contribute to aligning the nurse–patient perspective, helping nurses to understand the key elements of patients according to their stage of recovery, and thus be able to subsequently individualise interventions.
Patient and Public Contribution
This study was based on interviews with 15 patients receiving treatment at an adult mental health day hospital. This study would not have been possible without their participation.
To adapt the Scale for the Evaluation of Staff Patient Interactions in Progress Notes to Spanish and to test the psychometric properties.
The study was conducted in two phases: (1) Adaptation of the ...instrument to Spanish following the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. (2) Psychometric study in a sample of mental health nurses.
The Cronbach's alpha values were 0.97 for the total scale and 0.83 to 0.81 for each dimension. The inter-rater reliability values were between 0.94 and 0.97.
The scale is a reliable tool for assessing nurses' clinical notes in relation to the quality of nurse-patient interactions.
Aim
We aim to describe the relationship between job satisfaction and compare levels of resilience among out‐of‐hospital emergency medical service professionals.
Background
The study of the impact of ...the working environment on health professionals has raised great interest. Job‐related variables and resilience can be a protective factor against stressful and demanding events at work.
Methods
A cross‐sectional survey comprising sociodemographic and job‐related variables was conducted among 406 workers (doctors, nurses, psychologists, and ambulance technicians) from the out‐of‐hospital emergency medical system in Spain. Resilience was self‐reported using the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale.
Results
Nursing professionals were less resilient compared with ambulance technicians (score difference 1.709, p = .008). As age increased, resilience was lower (r = −.118). Professionals with higher resilience scores were more satisfied in their work (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.11), and professionals with higher psychological strength, gained from working with other colleagues, also showed greater job satisfaction (OR = 5.47, 95% CI: 2.55–11.73).
Conclusion
There was a positive association between resilience, job satisfaction and collaborative work. Professionals with greater psychological strength, gained from working with other colleagues, also showed higher levels of job satisfaction.
Implications for Nursing Management
Managers can use these results to influence the work environment to enhance job satisfaction and hence improve the resilience of the out‐of‐hospital emergency health care professionals.
Aim
To analyse the levels of critical thinking among nurse managers and registered nurses and to explore the association between these levels and socio‐demographic and occupational factors.
...Background
Critical thinking is an essential skill in advanced clinical nursing. However, few studies to date have explored critical thinking levels in nurse managers or compared them with those recorded in registered nurses.
Methods
A randomized sample of 44 nurse managers and 295 registered nurses from a tertiary hospital in Barcelona participated in this study. The Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire was used to measure the level of critical thinking. The data were analysed using multivariate analysis by logistic regression.
Results
Levels of critical thinking were higher in nurse managers than in registered nurses. Age, work shift schedule and educational level were associated with a higher level of critical thinking in nurse managers and were predictor factors.
Conclusions
This study identified age, work shift schedule and educational level as factors that impact on the acquisition of critical thinking skills among nurse managers.
Implications for Nursing Management
This study provides substantive evidence of the levels of critical thinking among nurse managers. When introducing strategies to enhance these skills, the associated occupational factors should be taken into account.
Aims and objectives
To develop a new scale for assessing the associative stigma of mental illness in nursing based on Peplau's model of psychodynamic nursing and to examine its psychometric ...properties.
Background
The stigma of mental illness continues to cause problems today for patients, families and mental health professionals. For individuals with a mental disorder, stigma can result in restricted opportunities, social exclusion and the denial of rights. Associative stigma in mental health professionals is becoming a major problem and is related to increased depersonalisation, higher levels of emotional exhaustion and diminished job satisfaction among mental health professionals. Nursing may play a key role in reducing the stigma associated with mental illness, but there are no specific scales for the measurement of associative stigma in nursing.
Design
Development of an instrument. A STROBE checklist was completed.
Methods
This study involved two stages: (a) item generation and content validation; (b) examining the reliability and convergent/discriminant validity of the scale. A developmental and methodological design was used. Data were collected between November 2016–December 2017 from a sample of 737 nursing undergraduates.
Results
The results indicated good internal consistency for the final 20‐item scale for assessing the associative stigma of mental illness in nursing, which is considered in terms of three dimensions: Violence/Dangerousness, Disability, and Irresponsibility/Lack of Competence. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a three‐factor structure consistent with the theoretical model.
Conclusions
The 20‐item EVEPEM (from its Spanish acronym) derived from Peplau's theory was shown to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing the stigma of mental illness in the nursing setting.
Relevance to clinical practice
Reliable instruments are needed to measure the effectiveness of anti‐stigma interventions for mental health professionals. The results indicate that the tool developed is a valid and reliable instrument for use in the nursing setting.
The global COVID-19 pandemic has shown the vulnerability of some population groups, including persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).
The present paper will provide more ...clarity and understanding of the experiences of family members of persons with IDD housed in residential facilities in Catalonia within the period of maximum restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted using an interpretive phenomenological qualitative approach. Study participants consisted of 14 relatives of IDD individuals who were institutionalized in residence facilities or homes. The guiding questions emerged from group discussions with relatives of those with IDD who did not participate in the subsequent interviews. Drawing from this group, the factors that were identified to have had the greatest impact on their lives were later used to guide the interviews. Data collection was carried out in face-to-face individual interviews that were recorded together with the observations of two researchers between February and October 2022.
Our analysis identified 4 main themes that developed into additional factors: the decision to stay at home or in the residence, fear, illness, and protocol. Individuals with IDD lost their daily routines, suffered from social isolation, and did not understand the situation.
The results of this study allow for a better understanding of the experiences of families of persons with IDD in residential centres during the lockdown by identifying their needs and how to better support them in the future.
Knowledge and understanding of these events should allow for better management of similar situations in the future.
Aims
To identify and synthesize evidence on the use of action research methods in mental health nursing care.
Design
Systematic review.
Data Sources
CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus ...databases were searched in January 2021.
Review Methods
Data were selected using the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis framework. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection, and quality appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research, data extraction and data analysis procedures.
Results
Sixteen studies, half of which used participatory action research, were included in this review. Nurses, along with other stakeholders, were an active part of the action research process. The main topics of interest addressed were categorized as improving the adoption of a person‐centred approach to care and improving decision‐making procedures. The use of action research helped the participants to identify the meaning they attached to the topic of interest to be improved. Moreover, this method helped to identify needs and strategies for improving care. The studies concurred that the use of action research enabled participants to gain awareness, improve attitudes and acquire knowledge. In addition, it enabled participants to gain confidence and security in the group context, as key aspects of their empowerment.
Conclusion
This review shows the usefulness of action research in any mental health nursing context, contributing to the improvement of care at both the individual and collective levels.
Impact
This paper demonstrates the use of the action research method in the field of mental health nursing. Its use has improved the clinical practice of nurses as well as that of teams in both community and hospital settings, addressing issues of the person‐centred approach to care and decision‐making procedures.
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