Covid-19-pandemin under 2020 och 2021 har satt intensivt ljus på arbetsförhållandena inom äldreomsorgen. Denna bransch har en lång historia av svårigheter med bemanning och kompetensförsörjning. God ...personalförsörjning är en förutsättning för omsorg av god kvalitet, och för att rekrytera, skapa och utveckla rätt kompetens behöver arbetsgivarna ha långsiktiga strategier. Denna artikel bygger på en intervjustudie av 15 större och mindre kommuner i Sverige, genomförd under hösten 2020 och våren 2021, som fokuserar på rekrytering och organisation av personal i den kommunala äldreomsorgen. Studien visar på vikten av kompetent personal och god organisation för att hantera en krissituation. Att rekrytera och behålla personal är processer som kräver ett gott arbetsgivarvarumärke, och detta hanteras väldigt olika av de undersökta kommunerna.
Jag kommer i artikeln att diskutera socionomstudenters skrivande ur ett textteoretiskt perspektiv, och mer specifikt se på utredningar av barn i fara, en process och texttyp som är vanlig inom ...socialtjänsten och ställer specifika krav på både interaktion och skrivande. Jag menar att relationerna mellan det akademiska skrivandet och det professionella borde uppmärksammas mer för att tydliggöra de akademiska färdigheternas roll inom professionen.
Akademiskt och professionellt skrivande inom socionomutbildningen Professionella socionomers texter avgör om barn får stanna med sina föräldrar, om missbrukare får livräddande behandling och om ...barnfamiljer har råd att fira jul. På socionomutbildningen läggs grunden till de komplexa förmågor och kunskaper som behövs för professionellt socialt arbete. Om vi inom utbildningen skulle prioritera skrivande som ett verktyg för kritisk reflexion skulle våra studenter på ett bättre sätt kunna foga in sina akademiska kunskaper i den professionella verklighet de har framför sig. Jag kommer i denna text att diskutera och undersöka socionomstudenters skrivande ur ett skrivteoretiskt perspektiv, och särskilt se på relationerna mellan det akademiska skrivandet och det professionella. Det empiriska underlaget till mina reflexioner är min egen och kollegers undervisning de senaste åren, med särskilt fokus på erfarenheter från handledning på textfokuserade kurser. För att förstå studenters texter behövs ett akademiskt skrivteoretiskt ramverk, vilket jag finner i traditionen academic literacies, här företrädd av Lea & Street och deras artikel från 1998. De fokuserar på att akademiskt skrivspråk inte är ett homogent språk utan ett brett fält av språkligheter företrädda av en mångfald akademiker. Centralt för dem är också att akademins språkpraktiker är inbäddade i ett komplext nätverk av maktrelationer, som avgör vad som är relevant eller mindre relevant kunskap, och hur denna ska framställas och förmedlas. Till det akademiska språket måste vi som professionsutbildning föra ett professionellt språk, som utgår från vad i detta fall socionomer gör till vardags i sitt arbete. De juridiska, formella och kommunikativa krav som ställs på professionella socionomer avspeglas även i deras språk – och detta måste vi på utbildningen förhålla oss till. Gör vi det i tillräcklig utsträckning?
Academic and professional writing within the education in social work The texts written by professional social workers decide whether children can stay with their parents, if drug addicts get life-saving treatment or if families can have money to celebrate holidays. The school of social work lays the foundation of the complex skills and knowledge that professional social workers need. If we inside the education were to prioritize writing as a tool of critical reflexion, our students would be better prepared to connect their academic skills to the professional reality they are facing. In this text, I am discussing the writing skills of the students of social work from a perspective of academic literacies represented by Lea & Street (1998), and in particular look into the connections between academic and professional writing. The empirical base of my reflexions consists of my own and colleagues teaching at courses aimed at writing. The theoretical framework of academic literacies suggests we see the training in academic writing not as a unidirectional learning of language and writing skills, but as a complex appropriation of a broad field of discourses, weaved into structures of power and academic/professional identities. These will determine what knowledge is more or less relevant, and how knowledge and skills are to be presented and assessed. To the perspective of academic literacies, those of us involved in professional training will need to add skills of professional writing, springing from the tasks that professional social workers perform at a daily basis. The juridical, formal and communicative demands facing social workers has to be reflected in their writing, and the education will need to answer to that. Do we, properly?
This study chrono-logically investigates teachers’ professional knowledge in relation to the digitally ‘boosted’ educational landscape caused by the Covid-19-pandemic. The aim is to describe how ...teachers employ their competences under extreme digitized circumstances by reading these through the lens of ordinary, to greater extent analogically organized schooling. The study is inspired by action research and data is collected in schools by five secondary and upper secondary teachers between March 19 and April 2, 2020. The analysis highlights qualitative aspects of teachers’ (digital) competence when teaching is affected by digital “interferences” in its corporeal and material framing, a dissolved spatiality and “truncated” senses/sensuousness. Employing different dimensions of knowledge in terms of intellectus and ratio, the study argues that subjective, emotional and relational processes of teachers’ digital competence need to be prioritized in contrast to the easily measurable aspects that tend to overrun the discussions about educational digitalization and its knowledge in society.
Editorial: waiting in and for the welfare state Norstedt, Maria; Lundberg, Susanna; Mulinari, Paula ...
European journal of social work,
11/02/2022, Letnik:
25, Številka:
6
Journal Article
•Nurses prepares, mentally, practically, and theoretically for child encounters.•Nurses uses different methods to develop trusting relationships with children.•Needs for education about children in ...specialist courses and at the workplace.•Nurses administrates low doses of analgesics and risk insufficient pain relief.•It is essential to evaluate the administration of adequate pain relief to children.
Pain relief in children is a complex issue, partly an ethical dilemma and due to a lack of nursing competence. There are few studies regarding prehospital care encounters with children in pain.
The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences in prehospital care encounters with children in pain and the specific related challenges.
This study has a qualitative design. Eighteen Swedish nurses participated in three focus group interviews analysed using qualitative content analysis.
The findings consist of a theme, “A challenge to shift focus and adjust to the child”, and three categories describing prehospital care encounters with children in pain: “Being receptive and focusing on care,” “Developing a trusting relationship,” and “Providing professional nursing care.” Caring for children in pain was stressful for the nurses. The nurses described how they had to shift focus and used different methods to build trust, such as playfulness, making eye contact, attracting curiosity, and using the parents to create trust. The also had to adjust to the child regarding dosages and materials.
Nurses has to be practically, mentally, and theoretically prepared to care for children with prehospital pain. It is essential to evaluate the administration of adequate pain relief to children, and more evidence-based knowledge is necessary concerning the different modes of administering pain-relieving drugs to prehospital children.
The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to a deeper understanding of how the national community is reproduced and delineated in relation to class, gender and racialisation. It uses a ...qualitative methodology and interviews with people chosen to represent an economic margin, and is theoretically informed by Pierre Bourdieu, Beverly Skeggs and others. In interviewees’ accounts about work life and societal change, traces are found regarding how the national community is delineated, and how value for the community is claimed or denied. The main findings are that a national community is connected through the idea of value for the community, and that the dominating ideas concerning this value change over time in accordance with economic, political and discursive processes. Recognition is a condition for access to the labour market and for the right to contribute to the future of the community. The values and the community are not homogenous; there is room for competing values and thus competing ways of recognition. Those with less recognised resources get their value for the community questioned in relation to current hegemonic values. Adaptability to the needs of the labour market in terms of expectations of geographic flexibility and the right attitude are common demands that implicitly presumes economic and social resources. Misrecognition of resources and value also relate to the social process of racialisation. Whiteness can be regarded as the result of recognised national inclusion in a country such as Sweden where the ideal of light skin and blue eyes have gained hegemonic position through history. Class relations as well as male domination over women works through the same mechanisms of misrecognition and excluded experiences.
To address the reactivity and affinity against histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase (HisRS) autoantigen of anti-Jo1 autoantibodies from serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with ...idiopathic inflammatory myopathies/anti-synthetase syndrome (IIM/ASSD). To investigate the associations between the reactivity profile and clinical data over time.
Samples and clinical data were obtained from (i) 25 anti-Jo1
patients (19 sera with 16 longitudinal samples and 6 BALF/matching sera at diagnosis), (ii) 29 anti-Jo1
patients (25 sera and 4 BALF/matching sera at diagnosis), and (iii) 27 age/gender-matched healthy controls (24 sera and 3 BALF/matching sera). Reactivity towards HisRS full-length (HisRS-FL), three HisRS domains (WHEP, antigen binding domain (ABD), and catalytic domain (CD)), and the HisRS splice variant (SV) was tested. Anti-Jo1 IgG reactivity was evaluated by ELISA and western blot using IgG purified from serum by affinity chromatography. In paired serum-BALF, anti-Jo1 IgG and IgA reactivity was analyzed by ELISA. Autoantibody affinity was measured by surface plasmon resonance using IgG purified from sera. Correlations between autoantibody reactivity and clinical data were evaluated at diagnosis and longitudinally.
Anti-Jo1 IgG from serum and BALF bound HisRS-FL, WHEP, and SV with high reactivity at the time of diagnosis and recognized both conformation-dependent and conformation-independent HisRS epitopes. Anti-HisRS-FL IgG displayed high affinity early in the disease. At the time of IIM/ASSD diagnosis, the highest autoantibody levels against HisRS-FL were found in patients ever developing interstitial lung disease (ILD) and arthritis, but with less skin involvement. Moreover, the reactivity of anti-WHEP IgG in BALF correlated with poor pulmonary function. Levels of autoantibodies against HisRS-FL, HisRS domains, and HisRS splice variant generally decreased over time. With some exceptions, longitudinal anti-HisRS-FL antibody levels changed in line with ILD activity.
High levels and high-affinity anti-Jo1 autoantibodies towards HisRS-FL were found early in disease in sera and BALF. In combination with the correlation of anti-HisRS-FL antibody levels with ILD and ILD activity in longitudinal samples as well as of anti-WHEP IgG in BALF with poor pulmonary function, this supports the previously raised hypothesis that the lung might have a role in the immune reaction in anti-Jo1-positive patients.
The Fc-glycan profile of IgG1 anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients has recently been reported to be different from non-ACPA IgG1, a phenomenon which ...likely plays a role in RA pathogenesis. Herein we investigate the Fc-glycosylation pattern of all ACPA-IgG isotypes and simultaneously investigate in detail the IgG protein-chain sequence repertoire. IgG from serum or plasma (S/P, n = 14) and synovial fluid (SF, n = 4) from 18 ACPA-positive RA-patients was enriched using Protein G columns followed by ACPA-purification on cyclic citrullinated peptide-2 (CCP2)-coupled columns. Paired ACPA (anti-CCP2 eluted IgG) and IgG flow through (FT) fractions were analyzed by LC-MS/MS-proteomics. IgG peptides, isotypes and corresponding Fc-glycopeptides were quantified and interrogated using uni- and multivariate statistics. The Fc-glycans from the IgG4 peptide EEQFNSTYR was validated using protein A column purification. Relative to FT-IgG4, the ACPA-IgG4 Fc-glycan-profile contained lower amounts (p = 0.002) of the agalacto and asialylated core-fucosylated biantennary form (FA2) and higher content (p = 0.001) of sialylated glycans. Novel differences in the Fc-glycan-profile of ACPA-IgG1 compared to FT-IgG1 were observed in the distribution of bisected forms (n = 5, p = 0.0001, decrease) and mono-antennnary forms (n = 3, p = 0.02, increase). Our study also confirmed higher abundance of FA2 (p = 0.002) and lower abundance of afucosylated forms (n = 4, p = 0.001) in ACPA-IgG1 relative to FT-IgG1 as well as lower content of IgG2 (p = 0.0000001) and elevated content of IgG4 (p = 0.004) in ACPA compared to FT. One λ-variable peptide sequence was significantly increased in ACPA (p = 0.0001). In conclusion, the Fc-glycan profile of both ACPA-IgG1 and ACPA-IgG4 are distinct. Given that IgG1 and IgG4 have different Fc-receptor and complement binding affinities, this phenomenon likely affects ACPA effector- and immune-regulatory functions in an IgG isotype-specific manner. These findings further highlight the importance of antibody characterization in relation to functional in vivo and in vitro studies.
PDF
