During investigations into freshwater fungi from the Great Mekong Subregion, four
taxa were collected from China and Thailand. Based on morphological characteristics, and phylogenetic analyses of ...combined LSU, ITS, SSU, TEF1-α, and RPB2 sequence data, two new species
and
are introduced, and two known species
and
were first reported in freshwater habitat. Illustrations and descriptions of these taxa are provided, along with comparisons with extant taxa in the genus.
The diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi in northwestern Yunnan, China, has been studied for several years in the College of Agriculture and Biological Science, at Dali University. Over the last ...5 years, we published two new genera and nine new species of
from northwestern Yunnan. This study focused on introducing tubeufia-like hyphomycetous fungi found in freshwater lakes in the northwestern Yunnan plateau. Eleven fresh collections of tubeufiaceous taxa were gathered and identified. Among them, a new genus,
, is introduced to accommodate
, which is characterized by a light brown to dark brown color, dictyoseptate, and broadly oval to ellipsoid and well-developed conidiophores. Two new species,
.,
and
, one new record,
, and three new collections, namely,
, and
are introduced based on morphological evidence and molecular phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU,
α, and RPB2 sequence data. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of these species are provided, and a morphological comparison with similar taxa is discussed.
Ganoderma dianzhongense
sp. nov.
and
G. esculentum
sp. nov.
are proposed as two new species based on both phenotypic and genotypic evidences.
Ganoderma dianzhongense
is characterized by the stipitate ...basidiomata, laccate and oxblood red pileus, gray white pore surface, duplex context and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (9.0–12.5 × 6.5–9.0 μm) with coarse interwall pillars.
Ganoderma esculentum
is characterized by its basidiomata with slender stipe, white pore surface, homogeneous pileus context, and slightly truncate, narrow basidiospores (8.0–12.5 × 5.0–8.0 µm). Phylogenetic analyses were carried out based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and the second subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) sequence data. The illustrations and descriptions for the new taxa are provided.
A β-glucosidase gene (
bsbgl1a
) from
Bacillus
sp. CGMCC 1.16541 was expressed in
Escherichia coli
BL21 and subsequently characterized. The amino acid sequence shared 83.64% identity with ...β-glucosidase (WP_066390903.1) from
Fictibacillus phosphorivorans
. The recombinant β-glucosidase (BsBgl1A) had a molecular weight of 52.2 kDa and could hydrolyze cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetrose, p-nitrophenyl-β-
d
-glucopyranoside (
p
NPG), and p-nitrophenyl-β-
d
-xylopyranoside (
p
NPX). Optimal activity for BsBgl1A was recorded at 45 °C with a pH between 5.6 and 7.6, and 100% of its activity was maintained after a 24 h incubation between pH 4 and 9. Kinetic characterization revealed an enzymatic turnover (Kcat) of 616 ± 2 s
−1
(with cellobiose) and 3.5 ± 0.1 s
−1
(with p-nitrophenyl-β-
d
-glucopyranoside). Interestingly, the recombinant enzyme showed cupric ion (Cu
2+
), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and alcohol tolerance at 10 mM for Cu
2+
and 10% for both SDS and alcohol. Additionally, BsBgl1A had high tolerance for glucose (Ki = 2095 mM), which is an extremely desirable feature for industrial applications. Following the addition of BsBgl1A (0.05 mg/ml) to a commercial cellulase reaction system, glucose yields from sugarcane bagasse increased 100% after 1 day at 45 °C. This work identifies a Cu
2+
, SDS, alcohol, and glucose tolerant GH1 β-glucosidase with potential applications in the hydrolysis of cellulose for the bioenergy industry.
In this study, a new species
Neomonodictys aquatica
was collected from submerged decaying wood in Erhai Lake, Yunnan Province, China.
Neomonodictys aquatica
is characterised by acrogenous, solitary, ...oval, dictyospores (most are transverse septum, occasionally vertical septum, in immaturity the septum is clear, but when mature, the conidia becomes darker so the septum is not clear), smooth-walled conidia. The immature conidia are usually hyaline to olivaceous and mature conidia are usually darkened to black, sometimes with one pale basal cell. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS and LSU sequence data showed that the new collection is distinct from other
Neomonodictys
species. Description and illustration are provided as well.
To explore the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) and endogenous neural progenitor cells (ENPCs) and whether CSF-cNs are involved in nerve repair after spinal cord ...injury (SCI).
Cholera toxin B-horseradish peroxidase complex (CB-HRP) and cholera toxin B conjugated with saporin (CB-SAP) were injected into the lateral ventricles of spinal cord injured rats to mark and destroy the CSF-cNs. Then the rats in the experimental group were injured by SCI. Observe the content and co-expression of CSF-cNs and ENPCs in rats of each group, and observe the recovery of motor function after SCI in each group.
After the destruction of CSF-cNs, the number of ENPCs decreased significantly in the long term after the surgery, and the recovery of motor function also deteriorated as compared to the group with intact CSF-cNs. Meanwhile some cells in the spinal cord express both the biological marker of CSF-cNs and ENPCs.
This study shows that the population of ENPCs and motor function recovery in SCI rats declined after the destruction of CSF-cNs, suggesting that CSF-cNs affect the ENPCs population and may be involved in the recovery of neural function after SCI.
Current investigations on taxonomy of lignicolous freshwater fungi in northwestern Yunnan, China, have led to the discovery of new fungal species and records that belong to the family Torulaceae. In ...this paper, 21 fresh collections of Torulaceae from submerged wood in freshwater are characterized based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data. A new monotypic genus
Rostriconidium
represented by
Rostriconidium aquaticum
sp. nov., one new species of
Torula
(
Torula aquatica
), and a single new
Dendryphion
species (
Dendryphion fluminicola
) are introduced based on their distinct morphological features and evidence from molecular phylogeny. Multigene phylogeny also supports the family Torulaceae as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage with clear intergeneric boundaries basal to Roussoellaceae. Descriptions of
Torula ficus
and
Torula masonii
from the new collections are also provided, and they are first records for China.
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